UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K [X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2009 or [ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 COMMISSION FILE 000-18911 GLACIER BANCORP, INC. MONTANA 81-0519541 (State of Incorporation) (IRS Employer Identification Number) 49 Commons Loop, Kalispell, MT 59901 (Address of Principal Office) Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (406) 756-4200 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share Nasdaq Global Select Market (Title of Each Class) (Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: NONE Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. [X] Yes [ ] No Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. [ ] Yes [X] No Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (i) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (ii) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. [X] Yes [ ] No Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months. [ ] Yes [ ] No Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to item 405 of regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [X] Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company (as defined by Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). [X] Large accelerated filer [ ] Accelerated filer [ ] Non-accelerated filer [ ] Smaller reporting company (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). [ ] Yes [X] No The aggregate market value of the voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the Registrant at June 30, 2009 (the last business day of the most recent second quarter), was $876,495,372 (based on the average bid and ask price as quoted on the NASDAQ Global Select Market at the close of business on that date). As of February 15, 2010, there were issued and outstanding 61,619,803 shares of the Registrant's common stock. No preferred shares are issued or outstanding. DOCUMENT INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Portions of the 2010 Annual Meeting Proxy Statement dated March 29, 2010 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.
GLACIER BANCORP, INC. FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT For the year ended December 31, 2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ---- PART I Item 1 Business 3 Item 1a Risk Factors 30 Item 1b Unresolved Staff Comments 34 Item 2 Properties 35 Item 3 Legal Proceedings 35 Item 4 Submission of Matter to a Vote of Security Holders 35 PART II Item 5 Market for the Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities 36 Item 6 Selected Financial Data 37 Item 7 Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 39 Item 7a Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk 56 Item 8 Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 56 Item 9 Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants in Accounting and Financial Disclosures 103 Item 9a Controls and Procedures 103 Item 9b Other Information 103 PART III Item 10 Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 104 Item 11 Executive Compensation 104 Item 12 Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters 104 Item 13 Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence 104 Item 14 Principal Accounting Fees and Services 104 PART IV Item 15 Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules 105
PART I CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS This Annual Report on Form 10-K may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about management's plans, objectives, expectations and intentions that are not historical facts, and other statements identified by words such as "expects," "anticipates," "intends," "plans," "believes," "should," "projects," "seeks," "estimates" or words of similar meaning. These forward-looking statements are based on current beliefs and expectations of management and are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies, many of which are beyond the Company's control. In addition, these forward-looking statements are subject to assumptions with respect to future business strategies and decisions that are subject to change. The following factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from the anticipated results or other expectations in the forward-looking statements, including those set forth in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, or the documents incorporated by reference: - the risks associated with lending and potential adverse changes of the credit quality of loans in the Company's portfolio, including as a result of declines in the housing and real estate markets in its geographic areas; - increased loan delinquency rates; - the risks presented by a continued economic downturn, which could adversely affect credit quality, loan collateral values, other real estate owned values, investment values, liquidity and capital levels, dividends and loan originations; - changes in market interest rates, which could adversely affect the Company's net interest income and profitability; - legislative or regulatory changes that adversely affect the Company's business, ability to complete pending or prospective future acquisitions, limit certain sources of revenue, or increase cost of operations; - costs or difficulties related to the integration of acquisitions; - the goodwill we have recorded in connection with acquisitions could become impaired, which may have an adverse impact on our earnings and capital; - reduced demand for banking products and services; - the risks presented by public stock market volatility, which could adversely affect the market price of our common stock and our ability to raise additional capital in the future; - competition from other financial services companies in our markets; - loss of services from the senior management team; and - the Company's success in managing risks involved in the foregoing. Additional factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements are discussed in Risk Factors in Item 1A. Please take into account that forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K (or documents incorporated by reference, if applicable). The Company does not undertake any obligation to publicly correct or update any forward-looking statement if it later becomes aware that actual results are likely to differ materially from those expressed in such forward-looking statement. ITEM 1. BUSINESS GENERAL DEVELOPMENT OF BUSINESS Glacier Bancorp, Inc. headquartered in Kalispell, Montana (the "Company"), is a Montana corporation incorporated in 2004 as a successor corporation to the Delaware corporation originally incorporated in 1990. The Company is a regional multi-bank holding company providing commercial banking services from 106 locations in Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, Utah and Washington. The Company offers a wide range of banking products and services, including transaction and savings deposits, commercial, consumer, and real estate loans, mortgage origination services, and retail brokerage services. The Company serves individuals, small to medium-sized businesses, community organizations and public entities. 3
SUBSIDIARIES The Company includes the parent holding company and the following eighteen subsidiaries which consist of eleven bank subsidiaries and seven trust subsidiaries. Bank Subsidiaries Montana Idaho Glacier Bank ("Glacier") founded in 1955 Mountain West Bank ("Mountain West") founded in 1993 First Security Bank of Missoula ("First Security") founded in 1973 Citizens Community Bank ("Citizens") founded in 1996 Western Security Bank ("Western") founded in 2001 Big Sky Western Bank ("Big Sky") founded in 1990 Wyoming Valley Bank of Helena ("Valley") founded in 1978 1st Bank ("1st Bank") founded in 1989 First Bank of Montana ("First Bank-MT") founded in 1924 First National Bank & Trust ("First National") founded in 1912 Colorado Bank of the San Juans ("San Juans") founded in 1998 Trust Subsidiaries Glacier Capital Trust II ("Glacier Trust II") Glacier Capital Trust III ("Glacier Trust III") Glacier Capital Trust IV ("Glacier Trust IV") Citizens (ID) Statutory Trust I ("Citizens Trust I") Bank of the San Juans Bancorporation Trust I ("San Juans Trust I") First Company Statutory Trust 2001 ("First Co Trust 01") First Company Statutory Trust 2003 ("First Co Trust 03") The Company formed or acquired First Co Trust 01, First Co Trust 03, San Juans Trust I, Glacier Trust IV, Glacier Trust III, Citizens Trust I, and Glacier Trust II as financing subsidiaries on October 2, 2009, October 2, 2009, December 1, 2008, August 15, 2006, January 31, 2006, April 1, 2005, and March 24, 2004, respectively. The trusts were formed for the purpose of issuing trust preferred securities and, in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification(TM) ("ASC") Topic 810, Consolidation, the subsidiaries are not consolidated into the Company's financial statements. The preferred securities entitle the shareholder to receive cumulative cash distributions from payments on Subordinated Debentures of the Company. For additional information regarding the Subordinated Debentures, see Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in "Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data." On February 1, 2009, First National Bank of Morgan ("Morgan") merged into 1st Bank resulting in operations being conducted under the 1st Bank charter. Prior period activity of Morgan has been combined and included in 1st Bank's historical results. The merger has been accounted for as a combination of two wholly-owned subsidiaries without acquisition accounting. The Company provides full service brokerage services (selling products such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, limited partnerships, annuities and other insurance products) through Raymond James Financial Services and Morgan Stanley Smith Barney, both non-affiliated companies. The Company shares in the commissions generated, without devoting significant management and staff time to this portion of the business. RECENT AND PENDING ACQUISITIONS The Company's strategy has been to profitably grow its business through internal growth and selective acquisitions. The Company continues to look for profitable expansion opportunities in existing markets and new markets in the Rocky Mountain states. During the last five years, the Company has completed the following acquisitions: On October 2, 2009, First Company and its subsidiary, First National Bank & Trust, was acquired by the Company. On December 1, 2008, Bank of the San Juans Bancorporation and its subsidiary, Bank of the San Juans in Durango, Colorado, was acquired by the Company. On April 30, 2007, North Side State Bank in Rock Springs, Wyoming was acquired and became a part of 1st Bank. On October 1, 2006, Citizens Development Company ("CDC") and its five bank subsidiaries located across Montana were acquired by the Company. On September 1, 2006, First National Bank of Morgan and its one branch office in Mountain Green, Utah was acquired. On October 31, 2005, First State Bank of Thompson Falls, Montana was acquired and its two branches were merged into First Security. On May 20, 2005, Zions National Bank branch office in Bonners Ferry, Idaho was acquired and became a branch of Mountain West. On April 1, 2005, Citizens Bank Holding Co. and its subsidiary Citizens Community Bank in Pocatello, Idaho was acquired. On February 28, 2005, First National Bank-West Co. and its subsidiary, 1st Bank, in Evanston, Wyoming were acquired. 4
FDIC, FHLB AND FRB The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation ("FDIC") insures each bank subsidiary's deposit accounts. All bank subsidiaries, except San Juans are members of the Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") of Seattle; however, San Juans is a member of the FHLB of Topeka, which are two of twelve banks that comprise the FHLB System. All bank subsidiaries, with the exception of Mountain West, Citizens and San Juans, are members of the Federal Reserve Bank ("FRB"). BANK LOCATIONS AT DECEMBER 31, 2009 The following is a list of the parent company and bank subsidiaries' main office locations as of December 31, 2009. See "Item 2. Properties." Glacier Bancorp, Inc. 49 Commons Loop, Kalispell, MT 59901 (406) 756-4200 Glacier 202 Main Street, Kalispell, MT 59901 (406) 756-4200 Mountain West 125 Ironwood Drive, Coeur d'Alene, Idaho 83814 (208) 765-0284 First Security 1704 Dearborn, Missoula, MT 59801 (406) 728-3115 1st Bank 1001 Main Street, Evanston, WY 82930 (307) 789-3864 Western 2812 1st Avenue North, Billings, MT 59101 (406) 371-8258 Big Sky 4150 Valley Commons, Bozeman, MT 59718 (406) 587-2922 Valley 3030 North Montana Avenue, Helena, MT 59601 (406) 495-2400 First National 245 East First Street, Powell, WY 82435 (307) 754-2201 Citizens 280 South Arthur, Pocatello, ID 83204 (208) 232-5373 First Bank-MT 224 West Main, Lewistown, MT 59457 (406) 538-7471 San Juans 144 East Eighth Street, Durango, CO 81301 (970) 247-1818 FINANCIAL INFORMATION ABOUT SEGMENTS The following abbreviated organizational chart illustrates the various existing parent and subsidiary relationships at December 31, 2009: |----------------------------| | Glacier Bancorp, Inc. | | (Parent Holding Company) | |----------------------------| | |----------------------------|-|----------------------------|---|----------------------------|-|----------------------------| | Glacier Bank | | Mountain West Bank | | | First Security Bank | | 1st Bank | | (MT Community Bank) | | (ID Community Bank) | | | of Missoula | | (WY Community Bank) | | | | | | | (MT Community Bank) | | | |----------------------------| |----------------------------| | |----------------------------| |----------------------------| | |----------------------------|-|----------------------------|-|-|----------------------------|-|----------------------------| | Western Security Bank | | Big Sky | | | Valley Bank | | First National Bank | | (MT Community Bank) | | Western Bank | | | of Helena | | & Trust | | | | (MT Community Bank) | | | (MT Community Bank) | | (WY Community Bank) | |----------------------------| |----------------------------| | |----------------------------| |----------------------------| | |----------------------------|-|----------------------------|-|-|----------------------------|-|----------------------------| | Citizens Community Bank | | First Bank of Montana | | | Bank of the | | | | (ID Community Bank) | | (MT Community Bank) | | | San Juans | | Glacier Capital Trust II | | | | | | | (CO Community Bank) | | | |----------------------------| |----------------------------| | |----------------------------| |----------------------------| | |----------------------------|-|----------------------------|-|-|----------------------------|-|----------------------------| | | | | | | Citizens (ID) Statutory | | | | Glacier Capital Trust II | | Glacier Capital Trust IV | | | Trust I | | San Juan Trust I | | | | | | | | | | |----------------------------| |----------------------------| | |----------------------------| |----------------------------| | |----------------------------| -------------------- |----------------------------| | First Company | | First Company | | Statutory Trust 2001 | | Statutory Trust 2003 | | | | | |----------------------------| |----------------------------| For information regarding the parent company, separate from the subsidiaries, see "Item 7 - Management's Discussion & Analysis" and Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in "Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data." 5
The business of the Company's bank subsidiaries (collectively referred to hereafter as the "Banks") consists primarily of attracting deposit accounts from the general public and originating commercial, residential, and consumer loans. The Banks' principal sources of revenue are interest on loans, loan origination fees, fees on deposit accounts and interest and dividends on investment securities. The principal sources of expenses are interest on deposits, FHLB advances, repurchase agreements, subordinated debentures, and other borrowings, as well as general and administrative expenses. BUSINESS SEGMENT RESULTS The Company defines operating segments and evaluates segment performance internally based on individual bank charters. Centrally provided services to the banks are allocated based on estimated usage of those services. If required, variable interest entities ("VIEs") are consolidated into the operating segment which invested into such entities. Intersegment revenues primarily represents interest income on intercompany borrowings, management fees, and data processing fees received by individual banks or the parent company. Intersegment revenues, expenses and assets are eliminated in order to report results in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. On February 1, 2009, Morgan merged into 1st Bank resulting in operations being conducted under the 1st Bank charter. On April 30, 2008, Glacier Bank of Whitefish ("Whitefish") merged into Glacier with operations conducted under the Glacier charter. The five bank subsidiaries acquired as a result of the acquisition of CDC included Citizens State Bank, First Citizens Bank of Billings, First National Bank of Lewistown, Western Bank of Chinook, and First Citizens Bank, N.A. On January 26, 2007, Citizens State Bank, First Citizens Bank of Billings, and First Citizens Bank, N.A. were merged into First Security, Western, and Glacier, respectively. On June 21, 2007, Western Bank of Chinook merged into First National Bank of Lewistown and renamed First Bank of Montana. Prior period activity of the merged banks has been combined and included in the acquiring bank subsidiaries' historical results. Glacier Mountain West First Security -------------------------------- ------------------------------- ------------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 2007 2009 2008 2007 2009 2008 2007 ---------------------- ---------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ------- ------- ------- Condensed Income Statements Net interest income $ 57,139 52,900 40,270 53,302 45,614 41,115 35,788 34,212 32,674 Noninterest income 15,387 13,926 13,473 27,882 20,353 19,861 8,103 6,987 6,844 ---------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ------- ------- ------- Total revenues 72,526 66,826 53,743 81,184 65,967 60,976 43,891 41,199 39,518 Provision for loan losses (32,000) (8,825) (1,580) (50,500) (11,150) (2,225) (10,450) (1,750) (1,100) Core deposit intangible expense (330) (392) (415) (184) (196) (208) (468) (511) (554) Other noninterest expense (27,325) (27,074) (25,231) (51,525) (41,922) (36,745) (18,897) (17,128) (17,295) ---------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ------- ------- ------- Pretax earnings 12,871 30,535 26,517 (21,025) 12,699 21,798 14,076 21,810 20,569 Income tax (expense) benefit (2,803) (10,910) (9,294) 9,764 (3,628) (7,701) (3,372) (7,282) (7,027) ---------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ------- ------- ------- Net income (loss) 10,068 19,625 17,223 (11,261) 9,071 14,097 10,704 14,528 13,542 ========== ========= ========= ========= ========= ========= ======= ======= ======= Average Balance Sheet Data Total assets $1,249,755 1,165,234 1,032,420 1,219,435 1,105,761 966,955 916,115 862,203 812,554 Total loans 967,239 938,824 797,705 976,132 897,841 774,784 580,401 561,258 549,869 Total deposits 605,928 546,569 610,869 709,834 662,505 693,768 567,649 536,400 553,923 Stockholders' equity 137,188 124,163 111,191 135,932 120,606 109,378 122,153 113,653 107,503 End of Year Balance Sheet Data Total assets $1,325,039 1,250,774 1,101,112 1,172,331 1,226,869 1,038,294 890,672 954,218 792,882 Loans, net of ALLL 903,276 963,107 863,253 919,901 955,486 836,426 548,471 561,691 548,379 Total deposits 726,403 609,473 579,190 793,006 680,404 666,330 588,858 545,199 533,260 Stockholders' equity 139,799 129,890 115,247 146,720 124,881 114,538 120,044 116,856 109,320 Performance Ratios Return on average assets 0.81% 1.68% 1.67% -0.92% 0.82% 1.46% 1.17% 1.68% 1.67% Return on average equity 7.34% 15.81% 15.49% -8.28% 7.52% 12.89% 8.76% 12.78% 12.60% Efficiency ratio 38.13% 41.10% 47.72% 63.69% 63.85% 60.60% 44.12% 42.81% 45.17% Regulatory Capital Ratios & Other Tier I risk-based capital ratio 12.33% 11.31% 10.75% 13.39% 10.62% 10.45% 14.91% 14.29% 13.67% Total risk-based capital ratio 13.61% 12.57% 11.92% 14.67% 11.88% 11.67% 16.18% 15.55% 14.92% Leverage capital ratio 10.09% 9.79% 9.62% 10.98% 8.68% 9.01% 11.32% 11.31% 11.11% Full time equivalent employees 274 283 274 376 393 354 178 178 181 Locations 17 17 16 29 29 30 13 13 13 6
1st Bank Western Big Sky -------------------------- ------------------------- ------------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 2007 2009 2008 2007 2009 2008 2007 ---------------------- -------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Condensed Income Statements Net interest income $ 24,057 22,695 20,135 21,233 20,713 19,043 15,700 15,595 12,610 Noninterest income 4,628 4,728 4,212 8,631 3,306 8,896 3,564 3,608 3,583 -------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Total revenues 28,685 27,423 24,347 29,864 24,019 27,939 19,264 19,203 16,193 Provision for loan losses (10,800) (2,012) (630) (3,200) (540) -- (9,200) (2,200) (645) Core deposit intangible expense (652) (712) (688) (571) (623) (675) (23) (23) (23) Other noninterest expense (14,943) (14,143) (13,015) (16,342) (16,151) (16,050) (8,441) (7,390) (7,220) -------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Pretax earnings 2,290 10,556 10,014 9,751 6,705 11,214 1,600 9,590 8,305 Income tax (expense) benefit (309) (3,631) (3,482) (2,813) (1,818) (4,129) (121) (3,587) (3,144) -------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Net income (loss) 1,981 6,925 6,532 6,938 4,887 7,085 1,479 6,003 5,161 ======== ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= Average Balance Sheet Data Total assets $606,649 563,588 510,449 604,020 566,364 545,074 340,827 325,976 286,537 Total loans 312,372 315,007 255,401 344,456 347,075 322,845 287,338 283,512 239,919 Total deposits 414,059 416,173 406,300 410,490 342,793 373,682 178,465 180,860 215,784 Stockholders' equity 97,859 87,948 79,942 87,837 83,915 85,581 45,683 38,220 33,833 End of Year Balance Sheet Data Total assets $650,072 566,869 551,327 624,077 609,868 508,915 368,571 332,325 315,885 Loans, net of ALLL 286,019 320,370 298,800 314,613 354,199 321,533 260,433 287,394 262,934 Total deposits 421,271 418,231 439,281 504,619 357,729 345,273 184,278 179,834 215,771 Stockholders' equity 101,789 95,200 87,523 85,259 83,843 83,226 51,614 40,384 35,406 Performance Ratios Return on average assets 0.33% 1.23% 1.28% 1.15% 0.86% 1.30% 0.43% 1.84% 1.80% Return on average equity 2.02% 7.87% 8.17% 7.90% 5.82% 8.28% 3.24% 15.71% 15.25% Efficiency ratio 54.37% 54.17% 56.28% 56.63% 69.84% 59.86% 43.94% 38.60% 44.73% Regulatory Capital Ratios & Other Tier I risk-based capital ratio 14.99% 12.58% 11.27% 14.67% 13.26% 14.22% 16.06% 11.89% 11.04% Total risk-based capital ratio 16.26% 13.83% 12.50% 15.93% 14.52% 15.48% 17.34% 13.15% 12.29% Leverage capital ratio 9.74% 8.08% 7.41% 10.19% 10.71% 11.18% 13.67% 11.62% 11.17% Full time equivalent employees 141 148 153 161 161 161 83 83 82 Locations 12 12 11 8 8 8 5 5 5 Valley First National Citizens -------------------------- ------------------- ------------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 2007 2009(1) 2008 2007 2009 2008 2007 ---------------------- -------- ------- ------- ------- ---- ---- ------- ------- ------- Condensed Income Statements Net interest income $ 14,051 12,719 10,641 3,964 -- -- 10,437 7,676 7,532 Noninterest income 5,717 4,673 4,807 4,187 -- -- 4,235 2,855 2,550 -------- ------- ------- ------- --- --- ------- ------- ------- Total revenues 19,768 17,392 15,448 8,151 -- -- 14,672 10,531 10,082 ------- ------- Provision for loan losses (1,200) (810) (405) (1,683) -- -- (2,800) (750) (75) Core deposit intangible expense (42) (42) (42) (144) -- -- (111) (128) (146) Other noninterest expense (9,229) (8,770) (8,335) (2,011) -- -- (7,992) (6,407) (6,102) -------- ------- ------- ------- --- --- ------- ------- ------- Pretax earnings 9,297 7,770 6,666 4,313 -- -- 3,769 3,246 3,759 Income tax (expense) benefit (2,740) (2,251) (1,955) (230) -- -- (1,332) (1,092) (1,403) -------- ------- ------- ------- --- --- ------- ------- ------- Net income (loss) 6,557 5,519 4,711 4,083 -- -- 2,437 2,154 2,356 ======== ======= ======= ======= === === ======= ======= ======= Average Balance Sheet Data Total assets $312,273 302,754 277,569 72,641 -- -- 234,382 201,258 178,994 Total loans 195,007 199,080 190,718 39,416 -- -- 168,675 143,946 134,353 Total deposits 196,506 186,004 189,547 60,832 -- -- 146,780 136,997 137,861 Stockholders' equity 34,246 29,487 25,951 7,870 -- -- 30,814 28,137 26,888 End of Year Balance Sheet Data Total assets $351,228 298,392 283,155 295,953 -- -- 241,807 217,697 182,769 Loans, net of ALLL 182,916 195,504 194,912 151,379 -- -- 161,182 159,412 131,988 Total deposits 211,935 185,505 187,657 247,256 -- -- 159,763 135,970 139,228 Stockholders' equity 30,585 31,483 27,323 31,364 -- -- 31,969 29,110 27,808 Performance Ratios Return on average assets 2.10% 1.82% 1.70% 5.62% -- -- 1.04% 1.07% 1.32% Return on average equity 19.15% 18.72% 18.15% 51.88% -- -- 7.91% 7.66% 8.76% Efficiency ratio 46.90% 50.67% 54.23% 26.44% -- -- 55.23% 62.05% 61.97% Regulatory Capital Ratios & Other Tier I risk-based capital ratio 13.11% 13.65% 11.68% 15.98% -- -- 11.32% 10.84% 11.92% Total risk-based capital ratio 14.37% 14.91% 12.93% 16.89% -- -- 12.59% 12.10% 13.17% Leverage capital ratio 8.57% 9.11% 9.03% 10.38% -- -- 9.62% 9.46% 10.10% Full time equivalent employees 85 83 80 75 -- -- 70 63 61 Locations 6 6 6 3 -- -- 6 5 5 7
First Bank - MT San Juans Parent -------------------------- ---------------------- ------------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 2007 2009 2008(2) 2007 2009 2008 2007 ---------------------- -------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ---- ------- ------- ------- Condensed Income Statements Net interest income $ 7,900 6,676 6,308 8,021 575 -- (6,265) (6,762) (6,859) Noninterest income 929 768 736 1,329 85 -- 52,466 83,891 84,025 -------- ------- ------- ------- ------- --- ------- ------- ------- Total revenues 8,829 7,444 7,044 9,350 660 -- 46,201 77,129 77,166 Provision for loan losses (985) (390) (20) (1,800) (53) -- -- -- -- Core deposit intangible expense (358) (405) (451) (233) (19) -- -- -- -- Other noninterest expense (3,189) (3,083) (3,426) (5,435) (397) -- (13,769) (13,424) (13,006) -------- ------- ------- ------- ------- --- ------- ------- ------- Pretax earnings 4,297 3,566 3,147 1,882 191 -- 32,432 63,705 64,160 Income tax (expense) benefit (1,426) (1,279) (1,395) (551) (75) -- 1,942 1,952 4,443 -------- ------- ------- ------- ------- --- ------- ------- ------- Net income (loss) 2,871 2,287 1,752 1,331 116 -- 34,374 65,657 68,603 ======== ======= ======= ======= ======= === ======= ======= ======= Average Balance Sheet Data Total assets $179,885 152,354 142,401 175,107 12,983 -- 824,527 689,132 619,391 Total loans 119,840 109,706 98,402 149,665 12,172 -- -- -- -- Total deposits 121,770 109,067 107,491 140,528 11,292 -- -- -- -- Stockholders' equity 30,955 28,172 26,557 23,396 1,171 -- 691,922 564,785 496,393 End of Year Balance Sheet Data Total assets $217,379 154,645 149,483 184,528 165,784 -- 832,916 814,883 660,892 Loans, net of ALLL 114,113 114,177 98,897 145,015 142,114 -- -- -- -- Total deposits 143,552 113,531 113,692 148,474 143,056 -- -- -- -- Stockholders' equity 32,627 29,329 26,941 25,410 21,207 -- 685,890 676,940 528,576 Performance Ratios Return on average assets 1.60% 1.50% 1.23% 0.76% 0.89% -- Return on average equity 9.27% 8.12% 6.60% 5.69% 9.91% -- Efficiency ratio 40.17% 46.86% 55.04% 60.62% 63.03% -- Regulatory Capital Ratios & Other Tier I risk-based capital ratio 12.73% 11.70% 10.79% 11.11% 9.26% -- Total risk-based capital ratio 13.99% 12.95% 12.04% 12.37% 10.51% -- Leverage capital ratio 9.19% 10.17% 9.26% 10.33% 9.66% -- Full time equivalent employees 40 37 35 41 31 -- 119 111 99 Locations 3 3 3 3 3 -- 1 -- -- Eliminations Consolidation --------------------------------- ------------------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 2007 2009 2008 2007 ---------------------- ----------- ---------- -------- --------- --------- --------- Condensed Income Statements Net interest income $ -- -- -- 245,327 212,613 183,469 Noninterest income (50,584) (84,146) (84,169) 86,474 61,034 64,818 ----------- ---------- -------- --------- --------- --------- Total revenues (50,584) (84,146) (84,169) 331,801 273,647 248,287 Provision for loan losses -- -- -- (124,618) (28,480) (6,680) Core deposit intangible expense -- -- -- (3,116) (3,051) (3,202) Other noninterest expense 13,396 13,031 11,710 (165,702) (142,858) (134,715) ----------- ---------- -------- --------- --------- --------- Pretax earnings (37,188) (71,115) (72,459) 38,365 99,258 103,690 Income tax (expense) benefit -- -- -- (3,991) (33,601) (35,087) ----------- ---------- -------- --------- --------- --------- Net income (loss) (37,188) (71,115) (72,459) 34,374 65,657 68,603 =========== ========== ======== ========= ========= ========= Average Balance Sheet Data Total assets $(1,043,687) (918,204) (766,262) 5,691,929 5,029,403 4,606,082 Total loans -- -- (3,669) 4,140,541 3,808,421 3,360,327 Total deposits (59,234) (28,155) (23,470) 3,493,607 3,100,505 3,265,755 Stockholders' equity (753,933) (655,472) (606,824) 691,922 564,785 496,393 End of Year Balance Sheet Data Total assets $ (962,778) (1,038,354) (767,384) 6,191,795 5,553,970 4,817,330 Loans, net of ALLL -- -- -- 3,987,318 4,053,454 3,557,122 Total deposits (29,263) (106,457) (35,204) 4,100,152 3,262,475 3,184,478 Stockholders' equity (797,180) (702,183) (627,332) 685,890 676,940 528,576 Performance Ratios Return on average assets 0.60% 1.31% 1.49% Return on average equity 4.97% 11.63% 13.82% Efficiency ratio 50.88% 53.32% 55.55% Regulatory Capital Ratios & Other Tier I risk-based capital ratio 14.02% 14.30% 12.17% Total risk-based capital ratio 15.29% 15.55% 13.42% Leverage capital ratio 11.20% 12.38% 10.48% Full time equivalent employees 1,643 1,571 1,480 Locations 106 101 97 (1) The average balance sheet data is based on daily averages for the entire year, with First National being acquired October 2, 2009. (2) The average balance sheet data is based on daily averages for the entire year, with San Juans being acquired December 1, 2008. 8
INTERNET ACCESS Copies of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are available free of charge through the Company's website (www.glacierbancorp.com) as soon as reasonably practicable after the Company has filed the material with, or furnished it to, the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Copies can also be obtained by accessing the SEC's website (www.sec.gov). MARKET AREA The Company has 106 locations, of which 9 are loan or administration offices, in 35 counties within 6 states including Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, and Washington. The Company has 53 locations in Montana. In Idaho there are 30 locations. In Wyoming, there are 13 locations. In Utah, there are 4 locations. In Washington, there are 3 locations. In Colorado, there are 3 locations. The market area's economic base primarily focuses on tourism, construction, manufacturing, service industry, and health care. The tourism industry is highly influenced by two national parks, several ski resorts, large lakes, and rural scenic areas. Construction development is a result of the high population growth that has occurred in the market areas, in particular Idaho and western Montana. COMPETITION Based on the FDIC summary of deposits survey as of June 30, 2009, the Company has approximately 20 percent of the total FDIC insured deposits in the 13 counties that it services in Montana. In Idaho, the Company has approximately 6 percent of the deposits in the 9 counties that it services. In Wyoming, the Company has 22 percent of the deposits in the 6 counties it services. In Colorado, the Company has 10 percent of the deposits in the 2 counties it serves. In Utah, the Company has 3 percent of the deposits in the 3 counties it services. There are a large number of depository institutions including savings banks, commercial banks, and credit unions in the counties in which the Company has offices. The Banks, like other depository institutions, are operating in a rapidly changing environment. Non-depository financial service institutions, primarily in the securities and insurance industries, have become competitors for retail savings and investment funds. Mortgage banking/brokerage firms are actively competing for residential mortgage business. In addition to offering competitive interest rates, the principal methods used by banking institutions to attract deposits include the offering of a variety of services including on-line banking and convenient office locations and business hours. The primary factors in competing for loans are interest rates and rate adjustment provisions, loan maturities, loan fees, and the quality of service to borrowers and brokers. 9
DISTRIBUTION OF ASSETS, LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET The following three-year schedule provides (i) the total dollar amount of interest and dividend income of the Company for earning assets and the resultant average yield; (ii) the total dollar amount of interest expense on interest-bearing liabilities and the resultant average rate; (iii) net interest and dividend income and interest rate spread; and (iv) net interest margin and net interest margin tax-equivalent; and (v) return on average assets and return on average equity. Year ended 12/31/2009 Year ended 12/31/2008 Year ended 12/31/2007 ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ Interest Average Interest Average Interest Average Average and Yield/ Average and Yield/ Average and Yield/ (Dollars in thousands) Balance Dividends Rate Balance Dividends Rate Balance Dividends Rate - ---------------------- ---------- --------- ------- ---------- --------- ------- ---------- ---------- ------- ASSETS: Residential real estate loans $ 829,348 $ 54,498 6.57% $ 746,135 $ 51,166 6.86% $ 798,841 $ 59,664 7.47% Commercial loans 2,608,961 151,580 5.81% 2,390,990 165,119 6.91% 1,957,252 157,644 8.05% Consumer and other loans 702,232 44,844 6.39% 671,296 47,725 7.11% 604,234 48,105 7.96% ---------- -------- ---------- -------- ---------- ---------- Total loans 4,140,541 250,922 6.06% 3,808,421 264,010 6.93% 3,360,327 265,413 7.90% Tax-exempt investment securities (1) 445,063 22,196 4.99% 282,884 13,901 4.91% 272,042 13,427 4.94% Taxable investment securities 707,062 29,376 4.15% 555,955 25,074 4.51% 574,913 25,920 4.51% ---------- -------- ---------- -------- ---------- ---------- Total earning assets 5,292,666 302,494 5.72% 4,647,260 302,985 6.52% 4,207,282 304,760 7.24% Goodwill and intangibles 158,896 152,822 149,934 Non-earning assets 240,367 229,321 248,866 ---------- ---------- ---------- Total assets $5,691,929 $5,029,403 $4,606,082 ========== ========== ========== LIABILITIES: NOW accounts $ 572,260 $ 2,275 0.40% $ 467,374 $ 3,014 0.64% $ 461,341 $ 4,708 1.02% Savings accounts 303,794 947 0.31% 272,673 1,865 0.68% 268,175 2,679 1.00% Money market demand accounts 768,939 8,436 1.10% 760,599 17,234 2.27% 754,995 27,248 3.61% Certificate accounts 960,403 24,719 2.57% 853,076 32,634 3.83% 1,000,797 46,824 4.68% Wholesale deposits (2) 133,083 2,052 1.54% 7,704 265 3.44% -- -- 0.00% Advances from FHLB 473,038 7,952 1.68% 566,933 15,355 2.71% 382,243 18,897 4.94% Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other borrowed funds 995,006 10,786 1.08% 752,958 20,005 2.66% 412,237 20,935 5.08% ---------- -------- ---------- -------- ---------- ---------- Total interest bearing liabilities 4,206,523 57,167 1.36% 3,681,317 90,372 2.46% 3,279,788 121,291 3.70% -------- -------- ---------- Non-interest bearing deposits 755,128 739,079 781,447 Other liabilities 38,356 44,222 48,454 ---------- ---------- ---------- Total liabilities 5,000,007 4,464,618 4,109,689 ---------- ---------- ---------- STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: Common stock 615 548 532 Paid-in capital 495,340 393,158 361,003 Retained earnings 193,973 171,385 132,352 Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 1,994 (306) 2,506 ---------- ---------- ---------- Total stockholders' equity 691,922 564,785 496,393 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $5,691,929 $5,029,403 $4,606,082 ========== ========== ========== NET INTEREST INCOME $245,327 $212,613 $ 183,469 -------- -------- ---------- NET INTEREST SPREAD 4.36% 4.06% 3.54% NET INTEREST MARGIN 4.64% 4.58% 4.36% NET INTEREST MARGIN (TAX-EQUIVALENT) 4.82% 4.70% 4.50% (1) Without tax effect on non-taxable securities income of $9,827,000, $6,155,000 and $5,944,000 for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. (2) Wholesale deposits include brokered deposits classified as NOW, money market demand, and certificate accounts. 10
RATE/VOLUME ANALYSIS Net interest income can be evaluated from the perspective of relative dollars of change in each period. Interest income and interest expense, which are the components of net interest income, are shown in the following table on the basis of the amount of any increases (or decreases) attributable to changes in the dollar levels of the Company's interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities ("Volume") and the yields earned and rates paid on such assets and liabilities ("Rate"). The change in interest income and interest expense attributable to changes in both volume and rates has been allocated proportionately to the change due to volume and the change due to rate. Years ended December 31, Years ended December 31, 2009 vs. 2008 2008 vs. 2007 Increase (Decrease) Due to: Increase (Decrease) Due to: ----------------------------- ----------------------------- (Dollars in thousands) Volume Rate Net Volume Rate Net - ---------------------- ------- -------- -------- ------- -------- -------- INTEREST INCOME: Residential real estate loans $ 5,706 $ (2,374) $ 3,332 $(3,936) $ (4,562) $ (8,498) Commercial loans 15,053 (28,592) (13,539) 34,934 (27,459) 7,475 Consumer and other loans 2,199 (5,080) (2,881) 5,339 (5,719) (380) Investment securities 14,556 (1,959) 12,597 (377) 5 (372) ------- -------- -------- ------- -------- -------- Total interest income 37,514 (38,005) (491) 35,960 (37,735) (1,775) ------- -------- -------- ------- -------- -------- INTEREST EXPENSE: NOW accounts 676 (1,415) (739) 62 (1,756) (1,694) Savings accounts 213 (1,130) (917) 45 (860) (815) Money market demand accounts 188 (8,987) (8,799) 202 (10,215) (10,013) Certificate accounts 4,106 (12,021) (7,915) (6,911) (7,278) (14,189) Wholesale deposits 4,310 (2,523) 1,787 360 (96) 264 FHLB advances (2,544) (4,859) (7,403) 9,131 (12,673) (3,542) Repurchase agreements and other borrowed funds 6,432 (15,651) (9,219) 17,303 (18,233) (930) ------- -------- -------- ------- -------- -------- Total Interest Expense 13,381 (46,586) (33,205) 20,192 (51,111) (30,919) ------- -------- -------- ------- -------- -------- NET INTEREST INCOME $24,133 $ 8,581 $ 32,714 $15,768 $ 13,376 $ 29,144 ======= ======== ======== ======= ======== ======== Net interest income increased $33 million in 2009 over 2008. The increase was primarily due to increases in loan and investment volumes and decrease in deposit and borrowing rates which combined outpaced the decrease in loan rates. For additional information see "Item 7 - Management's Discussion and Analysis". INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES It has generally been the Company's policy to maintain a liquid portfolio above policy limits. The Company's investment securities are generally classified as available-for-sale and are carried at estimated fair value with unrealized gains or losses, net of tax, reflected as an adjustment to stockholders' equity. The Company uses the federal statutory rate of 35 percent in calculating its tax-equivalent yield. Approximately $467 million of the investment portfolio is comprised of tax-exempt investments which is an increase of $49 million from the prior year. For information about the Company's equity investment in the stock of the FHLB, see "Sources of Funds - Advances and Other Borrowings". For additional investment activity information, see "Item 7 - Management's Discussion & Analysis" and Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in "Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data". 11
LENDING ACTIVITY GENERAL The Banks focus their lending activity primarily on the following types of loans: 1) first-mortgage, conventional loans secured by residential properties, particularly single-family, 2) installment lending for consumer purposes (e.g., auto, home equity, etc.), and 3) commercial lending that concentrates on targeted businesses. "Item 7 - Management's Discussion & Analysis" and Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in "Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" provide more information about the loan portfolio. LOAN PORTFOLIO COMPOSITION The following table summarizes the Company's loan portfolio: AT At At At At 12/31/2009 12/31/2008 12/31/2007 12/31/2006 12/31/2005 ------------------- ------------------- ------------------- ------------------- ------------------- (Dollars in thousands) AMOUNT PERCENT Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent Amount Percent - ---------------------- ---------- ------- ---------- ------- ---------- ------- ---------- ------- ---------- ------- REAL ESTATE LOANS: Residential $ 746,050 18.71% $ 786,869 19.41% $ 689,238 19.38% $ 758,921 23.97% $ 589,260 24.58% Held for sale 66,330 1.66% 54,976 1.36% 40,123 1.13% 35,135 1.11% 22,540 0.94% ---------- ----- ---------- ----- ---------- ------ ---------- ------ ---------- ------ Total 812,380 20.37% 841,845 20.77% 729,361 20.51% 794,056 25.08% 611,800 25.52% ========== ====== ========== ====== ========== ====== ========== ====== ========== ====== COMMERCIAL LOANS: Real estate 1,900,438 47.66% 1,935,341 47.74% 1,617,076 45.46% 1,165,617 36.83% 935,460 39.02% Other commercial 724,966 18.18% 645,033 15.91% 636,351 17.89% 691,667 21.85% 425,236 17.74% ---------- ----- ---------- ----- ---------- ------ ---------- ------ ---------- ------ Total 2,625,404 65.84% 2,580,374 63.65% 2,253,427 63.35% 1,857,284 58.68% 1,360,696 56.76% ========== ====== ========== ====== ========== ====== ========== ====== ========== ====== CONSUMER AND OTHER LOANS: Consumer 201,001 5.04% 208,166 5.14% 206,724 5.81% 218,640 6.91% 175,503 7.32% Home equity 501,920 12.59% 507,831 12.53% 432,217 12.15% 356,477 11.26% 295,992 12.35% ---------- ----- ---------- ----- ---------- ------ ---------- ------ ---------- ------ Total 702,921 17.63% 715,997 17.67% 638,941 17.96% 575,117 18.17% 471,495 19.67% ========== ====== ========== ====== ========== ====== ========== ====== ========== ====== Net deferred loan fees, premiums and discounts (10,460) -0.26% (8,023) -0.20% (10,194) -0.29% (11,674) -0.37% (8,149) -0.34% ---------- ----- ---------- ----- ---------- ------ ---------- ------ ---------- ------ LOANS RECEIVABLE, GROSS 4,130,245 103.58% 4,130,193 101.89% 3,611,535 101.53% 3,214,783 101.56% 2,435,842 101.61% Allowance for loan and lease losses (142,927) -3.58% (76,739) -1.89% (54,413) -1.53% (49,259) -1.56% (38,655) -1.61% ---------- ----- ---------- ----- ---------- ------ ---------- ------ ---------- ------ LOANS RECEIVABLE, NET $3,987,318 100.00% $4,053,454 100.00% $3,557,122 100.00% $3,165,524 100.00% $2,397,187 100.00% ========== ====== ========== ====== ========== ====== ========== ====== ========== ====== LOAN PORTFOLIO MATURITIES OR REPRICING TERM The stated maturities or first repricing term (if applicable) for the loan portfolio at December 31, 2009 was as follows: Residential Consumer (Dollars in thousands) Real Estate Commercial and Other Totals - ---------------------- ----------- ---------- --------- --------- Variable rate maturing or repricing in: One year or less $207,181 939,514 290,003 1,436,698 One to five years 177,185 779,525 49,569 1,006,279 Thereafter 10,932 115,084 2,054 128,070 Fixed rate maturing or repricing in: One year or less 261,162 281,282 146,013 688,457 One to five years 130,329 328,365 193,475 652,169 Thereafter 25,591 181,634 21,807 229,032 -------- --------- ------- --------- Totals $812,380 2,625,404 702,921 4,140,705 ======== ========= ======= ========= 12
RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE LENDING The Company's lending activities consist of the origination of both construction and permanent loans on residential real estate loans. The Company actively solicits residential real estate loan applications from real estate brokers, contractors, existing customers, customer referrals, and walk-ins to their offices. The Company's lending policies generally limit the maximum loan-to-value ratio on residential mortgage loans to 80 percent of the lesser of the appraised value or purchase price or above 80 percent of the loan if insured by a private mortgage insurance company. The Company also provides interim construction financing for single-family dwellings. These loans are supported by a term take out commitment. CONSUMER LAND OR LOT LOANS The Company originates land and lot acquisition loans to borrowers who intend to construct their primary residence on the respective land or lot. These loans are generally for a term of three to five years and are secured by the developed land or lot with the loan to value limited to the lesser of 75% of cost or appraised value. UNIMPROVED LAND AND LAND DEVELOPMENT LOANS Where real estate market conditions warrant, the Company makes land acquisition and development loans on properties intended for residential and commercial use. These loans are generally made for a term of 18 months to two years and secured by the developed property with a loan-to-value not to exceed the lesser of 75 percent of cost or 65 percent of the appraised discounted bulk sale value upon completion of the improvements. The loans are made to borrowers with real estate development experience and appropriate financial strength. Generally it is required that a certain percentage of the development be pre-sold or that construction and term take out commitments are in place prior to funding the loan. RESIDENTIAL BUILDER GUIDANCE LINES The Company provides Builder Guidance Lines that are comprised of pre-sold and spec-home construction and lot acquisition loans. The spec-home construction and lot acquisition loans are limited to a set number and maximum amount. Generally the individual loans will not exceed a one year maturity. The homes under construction are inspected on a regular basis and advances made on a percentage of completion basis. COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE LOANS Loans are made to purchase, construct and finance commercial real estate properties. These loans are generally made to borrowers who own and will occupy the property. Loans to finance investment or income properties are made, but require additional equity and a higher debt service coverage margin commensurate with the specific property and projected income. CONSUMER LENDING The majority of consumer loans are secured by real estate, automobiles, or other assets. The Banks intend to continue making such loans because of their short-term nature, generally between three months and five years. Moreover, interest rates on consumer loans are generally higher than on residential mortgage loans. The Banks also originate second mortgage and home equity loans, especially to its existing customers in instances where the first and second mortgage loans are less than 80 percent of the current appraised value of the property. 13
LOAN PORTFOLIO BY BANK SUBSIDIARY AND REGULATORY CLASSIFICATION The following tables summarize selected information on the Company's loan portfolio: LOANS RECEIVABLE, GROSS BY BANK December 31, ---------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 $ Change % Change - ---------------------- ---------- --------- -------- -------- Glacier $ 942,254 982,098 (39,844) -4% Mountain West 957,451 971,468 (14,017) -1% First Security 566,713 573,228 (6,515) -1% 1st Bank 296,913 326,381 (29,468) -9% Western 323,375 361,261 (37,886) -10% Big Sky 270,970 293,626 (22,656) -8% Valley 187,283 199,085 (11,802) -6% First National 153,058 -- 153,058 n/m Citizens 166,049 162,133 3,916 2% First Bank-MT 117,017 116,122 895 1% San Juans 149,162 144,791 4,371 3% ---------- --------- ------- Total $4,130,245 4,130,193 52 0% ========== ========= ======= LAND, LOT AND OTHER CONSTRUCTION LOANS BY BANK December 31, ------------------ (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 $ Change % Change - ---------------------- -------- ------- -------- -------- Glacier $165,734 204,479 (38,745) -19% Mountain West 217,078 249,916 (32,838) -13% First Security 71,404 95,960 (24,556) -26% 1st Bank 36,888 41,667 (4,779) -11% Western 32,045 45,457 (13,412) -30% Big Sky 71,365 81,869 (10,504) -13% Valley 14,704 17,918 (3,214) -18% First National 10,247 -- 10,247 n/m Citizens 13,263 14,827 (1,564) -11% First Bank-MT 1,010 4,507 (3,497) -78% San Juans 39,621 36,793 2,828 8% -------- ------- -------- Total $673,359 793,393 (120,034) -15% ======== ======= ======== LAND, LOT AND OTHER CONSTRUCTION LOANS AT 12/31/09 BY BANK, BY TYPE Developed Consumer Lots for Commercial Land Land or Unimproved Operative Developed Other (Dollars in thousands) Development Lot Land Builders Lot Construction - ---------------------- ----------- -------- ---------- --------- ---------- ------------ Glacier $ 80,881 33,025 29,850 8,625 13,353 -- Mountain West 55,908 74,914 29,684 31,655 10,664 14,253 First Security 30,569 7,208 26,372 4,525 518 2,212 1st Bank 14,447 12,223 4,448 225 2,513 3,032 Western 16,309 7,823 5,159 587 1,914 253 Big Sky 22,909 18,882 9,925 1,992 8,420 9,237 Valley 2,597 5,867 4,513 159 349 1,219 First National 1,961 2,934 733 250 2,245 2,124 Citizens 2,868 2,633 2,652 506 655 3,949 First Bank-MT -- 65 820 -- -- 125 San Juans 417 26,838 45 -- 3,878 8,443 -------- ------- ------- ------ ------ ------ Total $228,866 192,412 114,201 48,524 44,509 44,847 ======== ======= ======= ====== ====== ====== 14
RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION LOANS BY BANK, BY TYPE Custom and December 31, Owner Pre-Sold ------------------ Occupied and Spec (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 $ Change % Change 12/31/2009 12/31/2009 - ---------------------- -------- ------- -------- -------- ---------- ---------- Glacier $ 57,183 84,161 (26,978) -32% $ 9,762 47,421 Mountain West 57,437 100,289 (42,852) -43% 23,606 33,831 First Security 19,664 19,910 (246) -1% 9,985 9,679 1st Bank 17,633 30,742 (13,109) -43% 11,010 6,623 Western 2,245 6,993 (4,748) -68% 1,830 415 Big Sky 20,679 28,356 (7,677) -27% 3,169 17,510 Valley 5,170 8,265 (3,095) -37% 4,222 948 First National 2,612 -- 2,612 n/m 1,505 1,107 Citizens 13,211 17,909 (4,698) -26% 6,619 6,592 First Bank-MT 234 1,384 (1,150) -83% 174 60 San Juans 13,811 11,425 2,386 21% 6,753 7,058 -------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Total $209,879 309,434 (99,555) -32% $78,635 131,244 ======== ======= ======= ======= ======= SINGLE FAMILY RESIDENTIAL LOANS BY BANK, BY TYPE December 31, 1st Junior ------------------ Lien Lien (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 $ Change % Change 12/31/2009 12/31/2009 - ---------------------- -------- ------- -------- -------- ---------- ---------- Glacier $204,789 198,654 6,135 3% $183,647 21,142 Mountain West 278,158 274,119 4,039 1% 236,962 41,196 First Security 82,141 79,107 3,034 4% 68,266 13,875 1st Bank 65,555 62,954 2,601 4% 60,566 4,989 Western 50,502 56,789 (6,287) -11% 48,099 2,403 Big Sky 33,308 29,493 3,815 13% 29,482 3,826 Valley 66,644 70,935 (4,291) -6% 54,255 12,389 First National 19,239 -- 19,239 n/m 16,150 3,089 Citizens 20,937 18,903 2,034 11% 18,695 2,242 First Bank-MT 10,003 10,341 (338) -3% 8,536 1,467 San Juans 22,811 23,605 (794) -3% 21,305 1,506 -------- ------- ------ -------- ------- Total $854,087 824,900 29,187 4% $745,963 108,124 ======== ======= ====== ======== ======= COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE LOANS BY BANK, BY TYPE December 31, Owner Non-Owner ---------------------- Occupied Occupied (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 $ Change % Change 12/31/2009 12/31/2009 - ---------------------- ---------- --------- -------- -------- ---------- ---------- Glacier $ 232,552 223,449 9,103 4% $117,243 115,309 Mountain West 230,383 180,215 50,168 28% 164,625 65,758 First Security 224,425 192,352 32,073 17% 150,733 73,692 1st Bank 64,008 67,249 (3,241) -5% 54,852 9,156 Western 107,173 98,290 8,883 9% 54,113 53,060 Big Sky 82,303 80,053 2,250 3% 50,699 31,604 Valley 48,144 46,850 1,294 3% 31,353 16,791 First National 26,703 -- 26,703 n/m 18,329 8,374 Citizens 55,660 53,813 1,847 3% 42,786 12,874 First Bank-MT 18,827 17,397 1,430 8% 12,597 6,230 San Juans 47,838 50,925 (3,087) -6% 27,306 20,532 ---------- --------- ------- -------- ------- Total $1,138,016 1,010,593 127,423 13% $724,636 413,380 ========== ========= ======= ======== ======= 15
CONSUMER AND OTHER LOANS BY BANK, BY TYPE December 31, Home Equity Other ------------------- Line of Credit Consumer (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 $ Change % Change 12/31/2009 12/31/2009 - ---------------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------------- ---------- Glacier $162,723 170,713 (7,990) -5% $145,377 17,346 Mountain West 71,702 72,584 (882) -1% 61,896 9,806 First Security 78,345 85,646 (7,301) -9% 51,110 27,235 1st Bank 46,455 50,723 (4,268) -8% 17,575 28,880 Western 48,946 55,714 (6,768) -12% 33,679 15,267 Big Sky 28,903 33,147 (4,244) -13% 25,569 3,334 Valley 24,625 25,802 (1,177) -5% 15,938 8,687 First National 27,320 -- 27,320 n/m 16,803 10,517 Citizens 29,253 28,633 620 2% 22,872 6,381 First Bank-MT 7,650 7,251 399 6% 3,777 3,873 San Juans 14,189 12,204 1,985 16% 12,439 1,750 -------- -------- ------ -------- ------- Total $540,111 542,417 (2,306) 0% $407,035 133,076 ======== ======== ====== ======== ======= n/m - not measurable CREDIT RISK MANAGEMENT The Company's credit risk management includes stringent credit policies, concentration limits, individual loan approval limits and committee approval of larger loan requests. Management practices also include regular internal and external credit examinations and an independent stress testing of the land acquisition/development and commercial real estate portfolios. On a quarterly basis, both the Banks and parent company management review loans experiencing deterioration of credit quality, including a review of the acquisition and development loans, and spec/pre-sold home loans. A review of loans by concentration limits is performed on a quarterly basis. Federal and state regulatory safety and soundness examinations are conducted annually at Glacier, Mountain West, First Security, 1st Bank and Western and every eighteen months for all other bank subsidiaries. LOAN APPROVAL LIMITS Individual loan approval limits have been established for each lender based on the loan types and experience of the individual. Each bank subsidiary has an Officer Loan Committee consisting of senior lenders and members of senior management. The Officer Loan Committee for each bank has approval authority up to its respective bank's Board of Directors loan approval authority. The Banks' Board of Directors approval authority is $1,000,000 at First National and $2,000,000 at all other banks. Loans over these limits up to $10,000,000 are subject to approval by the Executive Loan Committee consisting of the Banks' senior loan officers and the Company's Credit Administrator. Loans greater than $10,000,000 are subject to approval by the Company's Board of Directors. Under banking laws, loans to one borrower and related entities are limited to a set percentage of the unimpaired capital and surplus of each bank subsidiary. LOAN PURCHASES AND SALES Fixed-rate, long-term mortgage loans are generally sold in the secondary market. The Company is active in the secondary market, primarily through the origination of conventional, FHA and VA residential mortgages. The sale of loans in the secondary mortgage market reduces the Company's risk of holding long-term, fixed-rate loans during periods of rising rates. The sale of loans also allows the Company to make loans during periods when funds are not otherwise available for lending purposes. In connection with conventional loan sales, the Company typically sells a majority of mortgage loans originated with servicing released. The Company has also been very active in generating commercial SBA loans, and other commercial loans, with a portion of those loans sold to investors. As of December 31, 2009, loans serviced for others aggregated approximately $176 million. The Company has not originated any type of subprime mortgages, either for the loan portfolio or for sale to investors. In addition, the Company has not purchased securities that were collateralized with subprime mortgages. The Company has not purchased loans outside the Company or originate loans outside the existing geographic market area. LOAN ORIGINATION AND OTHER FEES In addition to interest earned on loans, the Company receives fees for originating loans. Loan fees generally are a percentage of the principal amount of the loan and are charged to the borrower, and are normally deducted from the proceeds of the loan. Loan origination fees are generally 1.0 percent to 1.5 percent on residential mortgages and .5 percent to 1.5 percent on commercial loans. Consumer loans require a flat fee as well as a minimum interest amount. The Company also receives other fees and charges relating to existing loans, which include charges and fees collected in connection with loan modifications. 16
NON-PERFORMING LOANS AND REAL ESTATE OWNED Loans are designated non-accrual and the accrual of interest is discontinued when the collection of the contractual principal or interest is unlikely. The Company typically places loans on non-accrual when principal or interest is due and has remained unpaid for ninety days or more unless the loan is in process of collection and well-secured by collateral the fair value of which is sufficient to pay off the debt in full. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, interest previously accrued but not collected is reversed against current period interest income. Subsequent payments are applied to the outstanding principal balance if doubt remains as to the ultimate collectability of the loan. Interest accruals are resumed on such loans only when they are brought fully current with respect to interest and principal and when, in the judgment of management, the loans are estimated to be fully collectible as to both principal and interest. The following tables set forth information regarding non-performing assets at the dates indicated, including breakouts by regulatory and bank subsidiary classification: AT At At At At (Dollars in thousands) 12/31/2009 12/31/2008 12/31/2007 12/31/2006 12/31/2005 - ---------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- NON-ACCRUAL LOANS: Residential real estate $ 20,093 $ 3,575 $ 934 $1,806 $ 726 Commercial 168,328 58,454 7,192 3,721 4,045 Consumer and other 9,860 2,272 434 538 481 -------- ------- ------- ------ ------- Total 198,281 64,301 8,560 6,065 5,252 ======== ======= ======= ====== ======= ACCRUING LOANS 90 DAYS OR MORE OVERDUE: Residential real estate 1,965 4,103 840 554 1,659 Commercial 1,311 2,897 1,216 638 2,199 Consumer and other 2,261 1,613 629 153 647 -------- ------- ------- ------ ------- Total 5,537 8,613 2,685 1,345 4,505 ======== ======= ======= ====== ======= REAL ESTATE AND OTHER ASSETS OWNED 57,320 11,539 2,043 1,484 332 Total non-performing loans and real estate and other assets owned 261,138 84,453 13,288 8,894 10,089 ======== ======= ======= ====== ======= As a percentage of total bank assets 4.13% 1.46% 0.27% 0.19% 0.26% -------- ------- ------- ------ ------- Interest income (1) $ 11,730 $ 4,434 $ 683 $ 462 $ 359 -------- ------- ------- ------ ------- (1) Amount of interest that would have been recorded on loans accounted for on a non-accrual basis as of the end of each period if such loans had been current for the entire period. 17
Non-Performing Assets, Net of Gov't. Guarantees by Loan Type ----------------------- Non- Accruing Other December 31, Accruing Loans 90 Real Estate ----------------------- Loans Days or More Owned (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 12/31/2009 12/31/2009 12/31/2009 - ---------------------- -------- ------ ---------- ------------ ----------- Custom and owner occupied construction $ 3,281 451 2,499 -- 782 Pre-sold and spec construction 29,580 21,903 20,849 420 8,311 Land development 88,488 23,597 70,277 18,211 Consumer land or lots 10,120 1,511 6,161 54 3,905 Unimproved land 32,453 8,920 20,303 135 12,015 Developed lots for operative builders 11,565 5,567 6,350 114 5,101 Commercial lots 909 280 909 -- -- Other construction -- 2,668 -- -- -- Commercial real estate 32,300 3,391 29,859 144 2,297 Commercial and industrial 12,271 6,983 11,669 565 37 1-4 family 30,868 6,666 22,596 2,750 5,522 Home equity lines of credit 6,234 1,807 4,711 1,183 340 Consumer 1,042 602 476 172 394 Other 2,027 107 1,622 -- 405 -------- ------ ------- ------ ------ Total $261,138 84,453 198,281 5,537 57,320 ======== ====== ======= ====== ====== Accruing 30 - 89 Days Delinquent Loans and Non-Performing Assets, Net of Gov't. Guarantees by Bank -------------------------------- Accruing Non-Accrual and Other December 31, 30-89 Days Accruing Loans 90 Real Estate -------------------------------- Delinquent Days or More Owned (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 12/31/2009 12/31/2009 12/31/2009 - ---------------------- -------- ------- ---------- ----------------- ----------- Glacier $ 97,666 41,691 18,677 72,157 6,832 Mountain West 109,187 41,415 32,506 62,855 13,826 First Security 59,351 18,793 14,934 31,665 12,752 1st Bank 21,117 14,355 4,210 7,673 9,234 Western 9,315 3,364 1,796 3,295 4,224 Big Sky 31,711 10,978 5,280 17,908 8,523 Valley 2,542 2,855 1,783 679 80 First National 9,290 -- 5,744 3,407 139 Citizens 5,340 5,080 1,910 1,873 1,557 First Bank - MT 800 563 608 39 153 San Juans 2,310 146 43 2,267 -- -------- ------- ------ ------- ------ Total $348,629 139,240 87,491 203,818 57,320 ======== ======= ====== ======= ====== Non-performing assets as a percentage of the Bank's total assets at December 31, 2009 were at 4.13 percent, up from 1.46 percent as of December 31, 2008. The allowance for loan and lease losses ("ALLL" or "allowance") was 55 percent of non-performing assets at December 31, 2009, down from 91 percent for the prior year end. The Company increased the provision for loan loss from $28.5 million in 2008 to $124.6 million in 2009 resulting in a significant increase in the ALLL. Such increase was outpaced by the increase in non-performing assets, resulting in a decrease in the ALLL as a percentage of non-performing assets. Most of the Company's non-performing assets are secured by real estate and, based on the most current information available to management, including updated appraisals where appropriate, the Company believes the value of the underlying real estate collateral is adequate to minimize significant charge-offs or loss to the Company. Each bank subsidiary evaluates the level of its non-performing assets, the values of the underlying real estate and other collateral, and related trends in net charge-offs. Through pro-active credit administration, the Banks work closely with borrowers to seek favorable resolution to the extent possible, thereby attempting to minimize net charge-offs or losses to the Company. 18
A loan is considered impaired when, based upon current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. The amount of the impairment is measured using cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate, except when it is determined that repayment of the loan is expected to be provided solely by the underlying collateral. For collateral dependent loans, impairment is measured by the fair value of the collateral less the cost to sell. When the ultimate collectability of the total principal of an impaired loan is in doubt and is designated as non-accrual, all payments are applied to principal under the cost recovery method. When the ultimate collectability of the total principal on an impaired loan is not in doubt, contractual interest is generally credited to interest income when received under the cash basis method. Total interest income recognized for impaired loans under the cash basis for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 was not significant. Impaired loans, net of government guaranteed amounts, were $218.7 million and $79.9 million as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The ALLL includes valuation allowances of $19.8 million and $8.0 million specific to impaired loans as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The Company's troubled debt restructuring loans are included in the impaired loans amount. As of December 31, 2009, the Company had troubled debt restructuring loans of $64.6 million, of which there were $1.2 million of additional outstanding commitments. The combined total of lot acquisition loans to borrowers who intend to construct a primary residence on the lot, and other construction and land acquisition and development loans is $883 million and represents 21.4 percent of the total loans as of December 31, 2009. At December 31, 2008, the comparable total was $1.103 billion, or 26.7 percent of total loans. Outstanding balances are centered in Western Montana, and Northern Idaho as well as Boise, Ketchum and Sun Valley Idaho. Property acquired by foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure is carried at the lower of fair value at acquisition date or current estimated fair value, less selling costs. Costs, excluding interest, relating to the improvement of property are capitalized, whereas those relating to holding the property are charged to expense. Fair value is determined as the amount that could be reasonably expected in a current sale (other than a forced or liquidation sale) between a willing buyer and a willing seller. If the fair value of the asset minus the estimated cost to sell is less than the cost of the property, a loss is recognized in other expenses and the asset carrying value is reduced. Any gain or loss on disposition of real estate owned is recorded in other income or other expense. The following table sets forth the changes in real estate and other assets owned for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008: Years ended December 31, ------------------------ (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 - ---------------------- -------- ------ Balance at beginning of period $ 11,539 2,043 Additions 71,967 16,661 Capital improvments 2,403 188 Sales and write-downs (28,589) (7,353) -------- ------ Balance at end of period $ 57,320 11,539 ======== ====== ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN AND LEASE LOSSES Determining the adequacy of the ALLL involves a high degree of judgment and is inevitably imprecise as the risk of loss is difficult to quantify. The ALLL methodology is designed to reasonably estimate the probable loan and lease losses within each bank subsidiary's loan and lease portfolios. Accordingly, the ALLL is maintained within a range of estimated losses. The determination of the ALLL and the related provision for loan losses is a critical accounting estimate that involves management's judgments about all known relevant internal and external environmental factors that affect loan losses, including the credit risk inherent in the loan and lease portfolios, economic conditions nationally and in the local markets in which the community bank subsidiaries operate, changes in collateral values, delinquencies, non-performing assets and net charge-offs. Although the Company and the Banks continue to actively monitor economic trends, a softening of economic conditions combined with declines in the values of real estate that collateralize most of the Company's loan and lease portfolios may adversely affect the credit risk and potential for loss to the Company. The ALLL evaluation is well documented and approved by each bank subsidiary's Board of Directors and reviewed by the parent company's Board of Directors. In addition, the policy and procedures for determining the balance of the ALLL are reviewed annually by each bank subsidiary's Board of Directors, the parent company's Board of Directors, independent credit reviewer and state and federal bank regulatory agencies. At the end of each quarter, each of the community bank subsidiaries analyzes its loan and lease portfolio and maintain an ALLL at a level that is appropriate and determined in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The ALLL balance covers estimated credit losses on individually evaluated loans, including those which are determined to be impaired, as well as estimated credit losses inherent in the remainder of the loan and lease portfolios. Each of the Bank's ALLL is considered adequate to absorb losses from any segment of its loan and lease portfolio. 19
The Company is committed to a conservative management of the credit risk within the loan and lease portfolios, including the early recognition of problem loans. The Company's credit risk management includes stringent credit policies, individual loan approval limits, limits on concentrations of credit, and committee approval of larger loan requests. Management practices also include regular internal and external credit examinations, identification and review of individual loans and leases experiencing deterioration of credit quality, procedures for the collection of non-performing assets, quarterly monitoring of the loan and lease portfolios, semi-annual review of loans by industry, and periodic stress testing of the loans secured by real estate. The Company's model of eleven wholly-owned, independent community banks, each with its own loan committee, chief credit officer and Board of Directors, provides substantial local oversight to the lending and credit management function. Unlike a traditional, single-bank holding company, the Company's decentralized business model affords multiple reviews of larger loans before credit is extended, a significant benefit in mitigating and managing the Company's credit risk. The geographic dispersion of the market areas in which the Company and the community bank subsidiaries operate further mitigates the risk of credit loss. While this process is intended to limit credit exposure, there can be no assurance that problem credits will not arise and loan losses incurred, particularly in periods of rapid economic downturns. The primary responsibility for credit risk assessment and identification of problem loans rests with the loan officer of the account. This continuous process, utilizing each of the Banks' internal credit risk rating process, is necessary to support management's evaluation of the ALLL adequacy. An independent loan review function verifying credit risk ratings evaluates the loan officer and management's evaluation of the loan portfolio credit quality. The loan review function also assesses the evaluation process and provides an independent analysis of the adequacy of the ALLL. The Company considers the ALLL balance of $142.9 million adequate to cover inherent losses in the loan and lease portfolios as of December 31, 2009. However, no assurance can be given that the Company will not, in any particular period, sustain losses that are significant relative to the amount reserved, or that subsequent evaluations of the loan and lease portfolios applying management's judgment about then current factors, including economic and regulatory developments, will not require significant changes in the ALLL. Under such circumstances, this could result in enhanced provisions for loan losses. See additional risk factors in Part I - Item 1A - Risk Factors. LOAN LOSS EXPERIENCE The following tables set forth information regarding the Banks' loan loss experience for the periods indicated: Years ended December 31, -------------------------------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 - ---------------------- -------- ------ ------ ------ ------ BALANCE AT BEGINNING OF PERIOD $ 76,739 54,413 49,259 38,655 26,492 CHARGE-OFFS: Residential real estate (18,854) (3,233) (306) (14) (115) Commercial loans (35,077) (4,957) (2,367) (1,187) (744) Consumer and other loans (6,965) (1,649) (714) (448) (539) -------- ------ ------ ------ ------ Total charge offs (60,896) (9,839) (3,387) (1,649) (1,398) -------- ------ ------ ------ ------ RECOVERIES: Residential real estate 423 23 208 341 82 Commercial loans 1,636 716 656 331 414 Consumer and other loans 407 321 358 298 415 -------- ------ ------ ------ ------ Total recoveries 2,466 1,060 1,222 970 911 -------- ------ ------ ------ ------ CHARGE-OFFS, NET OF RECOVERIES (58,430) (8,779) (2,165) (679) (487) Acquisitions (1) -- 2,625 639 6,091 6,627 PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES 124,618 28,480 6,680 5,192 6,023 -------- ------ ------ ------ ------ BALANCE AT END OF PERIOD $142,927 76,739 54,413 49,259 38,655 ======== ====== ====== ====== ====== Ratio of net charge-offs to average loans outstanding during the period 1.41% 0.23% 0.06% 0.02% 0.02% Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of total loan and leases 3.46% 1.86% 1.51% 1.53% 1.59% (1) Acquisition of San Juans in 2008, North Side in 2007, CDC and Morgan in 2006, First State Bank, Citizens and 1st Bank in 2005 20
Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses Provision ------------------ Provision for Year ALLL December 31, for Year Ended 12/31/09 as a Percent ------------------ Ended Over Net of Loans (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 12/31/2009 Charge-Offs 12/31/2009 - ---------------------- -------- ------ ---------- -------------- ------------ Glacier $ 38,978 18,990 32,000 2.7 4.14% Mountain West 37,551 15,982 50,500 1.7 3.92% First Security 18,242 11,537 10,450 2.8 3.22% 1st Bank 10,895 6,012 10,800 1.8 3.67% Western 8,762 7,062 3,200 2.1 2.71% Big Sky 10,536 6,232 9,200 1.9 3.89% Valley 4,367 3,581 1,200 2.9 2.33% First National 1,679 -- 1,683 420.8 1.10% Citizens 4,865 2,721 2,800 4.3 2.93% First Bank - MT 2,904 1,945 985 37.9 2.48% San Juans 4,148 2,677 1,800 5.5 2.78% -------- ------ ------- Total $142,927 76,739 124,618 2.1 3.46% ======== ====== ======= Net Charge-Offs, Year-to-Date Period Ending -------------------------- Year Ended December 31, -------------------------- Charge-Offs Recoveries (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 12/31/2009 12/31/2009 - ---------------------- ------- ----- ----------- ---------- Glacier $12,012 1,121 12,117 105 Mountain West 28,931 5,557 29,766 835 First Security 3,745 425 3,931 186 1st Bank 5,917 347 6,215 298 Western 1,500 282 1,896 396 Big Sky 4,896 600 5,433 537 Valley 414 127 457 43 First National 4 -- 4 -- Citizens 656 302 683 27 First Bank-MT 26 17 57 31 San Juans 329 1 337 8 ------- ----- ------ ----- Total $58,430 8,779 60,896 2,466 ======= ===== ====== ===== ALLOCATION OF THE ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN AND LEASE LOSSES 2009 2008 2007 -------------------------- -------------------------- -------------------------- ALLOWANCE PERCENT Allowance Percent Allowance Percent FOR LOAN AND OF LOANS IN for Loan and of Loans in for Loan and of Loans in (Dollars in thousands) LEASE LOSSES CATEGORY Lease Losses Category Lease Losses Category - ---------------------- ------------ ----------- ------------ ----------- ------------ ----------- Residential real estate $ 13,496 19.6% 7,233 20.3% 4,755 20.2% Commercial real estate 66,791 45.9% 35,305 46.8% 23,010 44.6% Other commercial 39,558 17.5% 21,590 15.6% 17,453 17.6% Consumer and other loans 23,082 17.0% 12,611 17.3% 9,195 17.6% -------- ----- ------ ----- ------ ----- Totals $142,927 100.0% 76,739 100.0% 54,413 100.0% ======== ===== ====== ====== ====== ===== 2006 2005 -------------------------- -------------------------- Allowance Percent Allowance Percent for Loan and of Loans in for Loan and of Loans in (Dollars in thousands) Lease Losses Category Lease Losses Category - ---------------------- ------------ ----------- ------------ ----------- Residential real estate 5,421 24.6% 4,318 25.0% Commercial real estate 16,741 36.1% 14,370 38.3% Other commercial 18,361 21.5% 12,566 17.4% Consumer and other loans 8,736 17.8% 7,401 19.3% ------ ----- ----- ----- Totals 49,259 100.0% 38,655 100.0% ====== ===== ====== ===== 21
The increase in the ALLL was primarily due to the increase in non-performing assets since December 31, 2008 and a downturn in global, national and local economies. The ALLL has increased $66.2 million, or 86 percent, from a year ago. The ALLL of $142.9 million is 3.46 percent of December 31, 2009 total loans outstanding, up from 1.86 percent at prior year end. The provision for loan losses expense was $124.6 million, an increase of $96.1 million from 2008. Net loans and lease charge-offs were $58.4 million, or 1.41 percent of average loans and leases in 2009, compared to net charge-offs of $8.8 million, or 0.23 percent of average loans and leases in 2008. Each of the Banks' charge-off policy is consistent with bank regulatory standards. Consumer loans are generally charged off when the loan becomes over 120 days delinquent. Loan portfolio growth, composition, average loan size, credit quality considerations, and other environmental factors will continue to determine the level of additional provision expense. For additional information regarding the ALLL, its relation to the provision for loan losses and risk related to asset quality, see Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in "Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data." SOURCES OF FUNDS GENERAL Deposits obtained through the Banks have traditionally been the principal source of funds for use in lending and other business purposes. Currently, the Banks have a number of different deposit programs designed to attract both short-term and long-term deposits from the general public by providing a wide selection of accounts and rates. These programs include regular statement savings, interest-bearing checking, money market deposit accounts, and fixed rate certificates of deposit with maturities ranging form three months to five years, negotiated-rate jumbo certificates, non-interest demand accounts, and individual retirement accounts. In addition, the Banks obtain wholesale deposits through various programs including the Certificate of Deposit Account Registry System ("CDARS"). The Banks also obtain funds from loan repayments, advances from the FHLB, borrowings through the FRB, borrowings from the U.S. Treasury Tax and Loan funds, repurchase agreements, and loan sales. Loan repayments are a relatively stable source of funds, while interest bearing deposit inflows and outflows are significantly influenced by general interest rate levels and market conditions. Borrowings and advances may be used on a short-term basis to compensate for reductions in normal sources of funds such as deposit inflows at less than projected levels. They also may be used on a long-term basis to support expanded activities and to match maturities of longer-term assets. DEPOSITS Deposits are obtained primarily from individual and business residents of the Banks' market area. The Banks issue negotiated-rate certificate of deposits accounts and have paid a limited amount of fees to brokers to obtain deposits. The following table illustrates the amounts outstanding for deposits $100,000 and greater, according to the time remaining to maturity, of which $224 million consists of CDARS deposits. Certificate Demand (Dollars in thousands) of Deposits Deposits Totals - ---------------------- ----------- --------- --------- Within three months............. $231,811 1,586,604 1,818,415 Three months to six months...... 144,914 -- 144,914 Seven months to twelve months... 260,038 -- 260,038 Over twelve months.............. 92,383 -- 92,383 -------- --------- --------- Totals $729,146 1,586,604 2,315,750 ======== ========= ========= For additional deposit information, see "Item 7 - Management's Discussion & Analysis" and Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in "Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data". 22
ADVANCES AND OTHER BORROWINGS As members of the FHLB, the Banks may borrow from such entity on the security of FHLB stock, which the Banks are required to own as a member. The borrowings are collateralized by eligible categories of loans and investment securities (principally, securities which are obligations of, or guaranteed by, the United States and its agencies), provided certain standards related to credit-worthiness have been met. Advances are made pursuant to several different credit programs, each of which has its own interest rate and range of maturities. Depending on the program, limitations on the amount of advances are based either on a fixed percentage of an institution's total assets or on the FHLB's assessment of the institution's credit-worthiness. FHLB advances have been used from time to time to meet seasonal and other withdrawals of deposits and to expand lending by matching a portion of the estimated amortization and prepayments of retained fixed rate mortgages. All bank subsidiaries, except San Juans, are members of the FHLB of Seattle; however, San Juans is a member of the FHLB of Topeka. The Banks also borrow funds from the FRB and from the U.S. Treasury Tax and Loan program. Both programs require pledging of certain loans or investment securities of the Banks and are generally short term obligations. From time to time, primarily as a short-term financing arrangement for investment or liquidity purposes, the Banks have made use of repurchase agreements. This process involves the "selling" of one or more of the securities in the Banks' portfolio and by entering into an agreement to "repurchase" that same security at an agreed upon later date. A rate of interest is paid for the subject period of time. In addition, although the Banks have offered retail repurchase agreements to its retail customers, the Government Securities Act of 1986 imposed confirmation and other requirements which generally made it impractical for financial institutions to offer such investments on a broad basis. Through policies adopted by each of the bank's Board of Directors, the Banks enter into repurchase agreements with local municipalities, and certain customers, and have adopted procedures designed to ensure proper transfer of title and safekeeping of the underlying securities. The following chart illustrates the average balances and the maximum outstanding month-end balances for FHLB advances, repurchase agreements, U.S. Treasury Tax and Loan borrowings, and FRB borrowings: Years ended December 31, ------------------------------ (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 2007 - ---------------------- ---------- ------- ------- FHLB advances: Amount outstanding at end of period ...... $ 790,367 338,456 538,949 Average balance .......................... $ 473,038 566,933 382,243 Maximum outstanding at any month-end ..... $ 790,367 822,107 538,949 Weighted average interest rate ........... 1.68% 2.71% 4.94% Repurchase agreements: Amount outstanding at end of period ...... $ 212,506 188,363 178,041 Average balance .......................... $ 204,503 188,952 171,290 Maximum outstanding at any month-end ..... $ 234,914 196,461 193,421 Weighted average interest rate ........... 0.98% 2.02% 4.35% U.S. Treasury Tax and Loan: Amount outstanding at end of period ...... $ 5,136 6,067 221,409 Average balance .......................... $ 3,686 165,690 120,188 Maximum outstanding at any month-end ..... $ 5,136 385,246 244,012 Weighted average interest rate ........... 0.00% 2.28% 5.03% Federal Reserve Bank discount window: Amount outstanding at end of period ...... $ 225,000 914,000 -- Average balance .......................... $ 658,262 277,611 -- Maximum outstanding at any month-end ..... $1,005,000 928,000 -- Weighted average interest rate ........... 0.26% 1.76% -- For additional information concerning the Company's borrowings and repurchase agreements, see Notes 8 and 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in "Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data". 23
SUBORDINATED DEBENTURES In addition to funds obtained in the ordinary course of business, the Company formed Glacier Trust II, Glacier Trust III, and Glacier Trust IV as financing subsidiaries and obtained Citizens Trust I in connection with the acquisition of Citizens on April 1, 2005, San Juans Trust I in connection with the acquisition of San Juans on December 1, 2008, and First Co Trust 01 and First Co Trust 03 in connection with the acquisition of First National on October 2, 2009. The trusts issued preferred securities that entitle the shareholder to receive cumulative cash distributions from payments thereon. The Subordinated Debentures outstanding as of December 31, 2009 are $124,988,000, including fair value adjustments from acquisitions. For additional information regarding the subordinated debentures, see Note 10 to the Consolidated Financial Statements "Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data". EMPLOYEES As of December 31, 2009, the Company employed 1,739 persons, 1,497 of whom were full time, none of whom were represented by a collective bargaining group. The Company provides its employees with a comprehensive benefit program, including medical insurance, dental plan, life and accident insurance, long-term disability coverage, sick leave, profit sharing plan, savings plan and employee stock options. The Company considers its employee relations to be excellent. See Note 13 in the Consolidated Financial Statements in "Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" for detailed information regarding employee benefit plans and eligibility. SUPERVISION AND REGULATION INTRODUCTION The following discussion provides an overview of certain elements of the extensive regulatory framework applicable to the Company and the Banks. This regulatory framework is primarily designed for the protection of depositors, federal deposit insurance funds and the banking system as a whole, rather than specifically for the protection of shareholders. Due to the breadth and growth of this regulatory framework, the costs of compliance continue to increase in order to monitor and satisfy these requirements. To the extent that this section describes statutory and regulatory provisions, it is qualified by reference to those provisions. These statutes and regulations, as well as related policies, are subject to change by Congress, state legislatures and federal and state regulators. Changes in statutes, regulations or regulatory policies applicable to the Company, including the interpretation or implementation thereof, could have a material effect on the Company's business or operations. Recently, in light of the recent financial crisis, numerous proposals to modify or expand banking regulation have surfaced. Based on past history, if any are approved, they will add to the complexity and cost of the Company's business. BANK HOLDING COMPANY REGULATION General. The Company is a bank holding company as defined in the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956, as amended ("BHCA"), due to its ownership of the bank subsidiaries listed below. Glacier, First Security, Western, Big Sky, Valley, and First Bank-MT are Montana state-chartered banks and are members of the Federal Reserve System; Mountain West and Citizens are Idaho state-chartered banks; 1st Bank is a Wyoming state-chartered bank and is a member of the Federal Reserve System; First National is a nationally chartered bank and is a member of the Federal Reserve System; and San Juans is a Colorado state-chartered bank. The deposits of the Banks are insured by the FDIC. As a bank holding company, the Company is subject to regulation, supervision and examination by the Federal Reserve. In general, the BHCA limits the business of bank holding companies to owning or controlling banks and engaging in other activities closely related to banking. The Company must also file reports with and provide additional information to the Federal Reserve. Under the Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999, a bank holding company may apply to the Federal Reserve to become a financial holding company, and thereby engage (directly or through a subsidiary) in certain expanded activities deemed financial in nature, such as securities brokerage and insurance underwriting. Holding Company Bank Ownership. The BHCA requires every bank holding company to obtain the prior approval of the Federal Reserve before (i) acquiring, directly or indirectly, ownership or control of any voting shares of another bank or bank holding company if, after such acquisition, it would own or control more than 5% of such shares; (ii) acquiring all or substantially all of the assets of another bank or bank holding company; or (iii) merging or consolidating with another bank holding company. 24
Holding Company Control of Nonbanks. With some exceptions, the BHCA also prohibits a bank holding company from acquiring or retaining direct or indirect ownership or control of more than 5% of the voting shares of any company that is not a bank or bank holding company, or from engaging directly or indirectly in activities other than those of banking, managing or controlling banks or providing services for its subsidiaries. The principal exceptions to these prohibitions involve certain non-bank activities that, by federal statute, agency regulation or order, have been identified as activities closely related to the business of banking or of managing or controlling banks. Transactions with Affiliates. Bank subsidiaries of a bank holding company are subject to restrictions imposed by the Federal Reserve Act on extensions of credit to the holding company or its subsidiaries, on investments in their securities, and on the use of their securities as collateral for loans to any borrower. These regulations and restrictions may limit the Company's ability to obtain funds from the bank subsidiaries for its cash needs, including funds for payment of dividends, interest and operational expenses. Tying Arrangements. The Company is prohibited from engaging in certain tie-in arrangements in connection with any extension of credit, sale or lease of property or furnishing of services. For example, with certain exceptions, neither the Company nor the Banks may condition an extension of credit to a customer on either (i) a requirement that the customer obtain additional services provided by the Company or Banks; or (ii) an agreement by the customer to refrain from obtaining other services from a competitor. Support of Bank Subsidiaries. Under Federal Reserve policy, the Company is expected to act as a source of financial and managerial strength to its banks. This means that the Company is required to commit, as necessary, resources to support the Banks. Any capital loans a bank holding company makes to its bank subsidiaries are subordinate to deposits and to certain other indebtedness of those bank subsidiaries. State Law Restrictions. As a Montana corporation, the Company is subject to certain limitations and restrictions under applicable Montana corporate law. For example, state law restrictions in Montana include limitations and restrictions relating to indemnification of directors, distributions to shareholders, transactions involving directors, officers or interested shareholders, maintenance of books, records and minutes, and observance of certain corporate formalities. THE BANK SUBSIDIARIES Glacier, First Security, Western, Big Sky, Valley, and First Bank-MT are subject to regulation and supervision by the Montana Department of Administration's Banking and Financial Institutions Division and the Federal Reserve as a result of their membership in the Federal Reserve System. Mountain West and Citizens are subject to regulation by the Idaho Department of Finance and by the FDIC. In addition, Mountain West's Utah and Washington branches are primarily regulated by the Utah Department of Financial Institutions and the Washington Department of Financial Institutions, respectively. 1st Bank is a member of the Federal Reserve System and is subject to regulation and supervision by the Federal Reserve and also the Wyoming Division of Banking as a Wyoming state chartered bank. First National is a member of the Federal Reserve System and is subject to regulation and supervision by the Federal Reserve and also the Office of Comptroller of the Currency ("OCC") as a nationally chartered bank, and to a certain extent, by the Wyoming Division of Banking. San Juans is subject to regulation by the Colorado Department of Regulatory Agencies-Division of Banking and by the FDIC. The federal laws that apply to the Banks regulate, among other things, the scope of their business, their investments, their reserves against deposits, the timing of the availability of deposited funds, and the nature, amount of, and collateral for loans. Federal laws also regulate community reinvestment and insider credit transactions and impose safety and soundness standards. Community Reinvestment. The Community Reinvestment Act of 1977 requires that, in connection with examinations of financial institutions within their jurisdiction, federal bank regulators must evaluate the record of financial institutions in meeting the credit needs of their local communities, including low and moderate-income neighborhoods, consistent with the safe and sound operation of those banks. A bank's community reinvestment record is also considered by the applicable banking agencies in evaluating mergers, acquisitions, and applications to open a branch or facility. 25
Insider Credit Transactions. Banks are also subject to certain restrictions on extensions of credit to executive officers, directors, principal shareholders, and their related interests. Extensions of credit (i) must be made on substantially the same terms, including interest rates and collateral, and follow credit underwriting procedures that are at least as stringent, as those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with persons not covered above and who are not employees; and (ii) must not involve more than the normal risk of repayment or present other unfavorable features. Banks are also subject to certain lending limits and restrictions on overdrafts to insiders. A violation of these restrictions may result in the assessment of substantial civil monetary penalties, the imposition of a cease and desist order, and other regulatory sanctions. Regulation of Management. Federal law (i) sets forth circumstances under which officers or directors of a bank may be removed by the institution's federal supervisory agency; (ii) places restraints on lending by a bank to its executive officers, directors, principal shareholders, and their related interests; and (iii) prohibits management personnel of a bank from serving as a director or in other management positions of another financial institution whose assets exceed a specified amount or which has an office within a specified geographic area. Safety and Soundness Standards. Federal law imposes upon banks certain non-capital safety and soundness standards. These standards cover, among other things, internal controls, information systems and internal audit systems, loan documentation, credit underwriting, interest rate exposure, asset growth, compensation, fees and benefits, such other operational and managerial standards as the agency determines to be appropriate, and standards for asset quality, earnings and stock valuation. An institution that fails to meet these standards must develop a plan acceptable to its regulators, specifying the steps that the institution will take to meet the standards. Failure to submit or implement such a plan may subject the institution to regulatory sanctions. INTERSTATE BANKING AND BRANCHING The Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994 (the "Interstate Act") relaxed prior interstate branching restrictions under federal law by permitting nationwide interstate banking and branching under certain circumstances. Generally, bank holding companies may purchase banks in any state and states may not prohibit these purchases. Additionally, banks are permitted to merge with banks in other states as long as the home state of neither merging bank has opted out under the legislation. The Interstate Act requires regulators to consult with community organizations before permitting an interstate institution to close a branch in a low-income area. Federal bank regulations prohibit banks from using their interstate branches primarily for deposit production and federal bank regulatory agencies have implemented a loan-to-deposit ratio screen to ensure compliance with this prohibition. With regard to interstate bank mergers, Montana "opted-out" of the Interstate Act. Subject to certain conditions, an in-state bank that has been in existence for at least 5 years may merge with an out-of-state bank. Banks, bank holding companies, and their respective subsidiaries cannot acquire control of a bank located in Montana if, after the acquisition, the acquiring institution, together with its affiliates, would directly or indirectly control more than 22% of the total deposits of insured depository institutions and credit unions located in Montana. Montana law does not authorize the establishment of a branch bank in Montana by an out-of-state bank. Idaho has enacted "opting in" legislation in accordance with the Interstate Act provisions allowing banks to engage in interstate merger transactions subject to certain "aging" requirements. Branches may not be acquired or opened separately in Idaho by an out-of-state bank, but once an out-of-state bank has acquired a bank within Idaho, either through merger or acquisition of all or substantially all of the bank's assets, the out-of-state bank may open additional branches within Idaho. Under Wyoming law, banks located in Wyoming may be acquired by out-of-state banks so long as (i) with certain exceptions, the resulting bank and its affiliates would not control 30% or more of the total deposits held by all insured depository institutions in Wyoming; and (ii) the in-state bank has been in existence for at least three years. Branches may not be acquired or opened separately in Wyoming by an out-of-state bank, but once an out-of-state bank has acquired a bank within Wyoming, either through merger or acquisition of all or substantially all of the bank's assets, the out-of-state bank may open additional branches within Wyoming. Under Colorado law, an out-of-state bank holding company may not acquire control of, or acquire all or substantially all of the assets of, a Colorado bank unless such bank has been in operation for at least five years. An out-of-state bank holding company acquiring control of a Colorado bank holding company may acquire control of any Colorado bank controlled by the Colorado bank holding company even though such bank has been in operation for less than five years. 26
Utah and Washington have each enacted "opting in" legislation similar in certain respects to that enacted by Idaho, allowing banks to engage in interstate merger transactions subject to certain aging requirements. Under Utah law, an out-of-state bank may acquire a bank branch located in Utah, but it may not establish a de novo branch in Utah if its home state does not have reciprocal laws on de novo branching. Under Washington law, an out-of-state bank may, subject to the Director's approval, open de novo branches in Washington or acquire an in-state branch so long as the home state of the out-of-state bank has reciprocal laws with respect to de novo branching or branch acquisitions. DIVIDENDS The principal source of the Company's cash is from dividends received from the Banks, which are subject to government regulation and limitation. Regulatory authorities may prohibit banks and bank holding companies from paying dividends in a manner that would constitute an unsafe or unsound banking practice. In addition, a bank may not pay cash dividends if that payment could reduce the amount of its capital below that necessary to meet minimum applicable regulatory capital requirements. State law and, in the case of First National, national banking laws and related OCC regulations, limit a bank's ability to pay dividends that are greater than a certain amount without approval of the applicable agency. Additionally, current guidance from the Federal Reserve provides, among other things, that dividends per share on the Company's common stock generally should not exceed earnings per share, measured over the previous four fiscal quarters. CAPITAL ADEQUACY Regulatory Capital Guidelines. Federal bank regulatory agencies use capital adequacy guidelines in the examination and regulation of bank holding companies and banks. The guidelines are "risk-based," meaning that they are designed to make capital requirements more sensitive to differences in risk profiles among banks and bank holding companies. Tier I and Tier II Capital. Under the guidelines, an institution's capital is divided into two broad categories, Tier I capital and Tier II capital. Tier I capital generally consists of common shareholders' equity, surplus, undivided profits, and subordinated debentures. Tier II capital generally consists of the allowance for loan and lease losses, hybrid capital instruments, and subordinated debt. The sum of Tier I capital and Tier II capital represents an institution's total capital. The guidelines require that at least 50% of an institution's total capital consist of Tier I capital. Risk-based Capital Ratios. The adequacy of an institution's capital is gauged primarily with reference to the institution's risk-weighted assets. The guidelines assign risk weightings to an institution's assets in an effort to quantify the relative risk of each asset and to determine the minimum capital required to support that risk. An institution's risk-weighted assets are then compared with its Tier I capital and total capital to arrive at a Tier I risk-based ratio and a total risk-based ratio, respectively. The guidelines provide that an institution must have a minimum Tier I risk-based ratio of 4% and a minimum total risk-based ratio of 8%. Leverage Ratio. The guidelines also employ a leverage ratio, which is Tier I capital as a percentage of average total assets, less intangibles. The principal objective of the leverage ratio is to constrain the maximum degree to which a bank holding company may leverage its equity capital base. The minimum leverage ratio is 4%. Prompt Corrective Action. Under the guidelines, an institution is assigned to one of five capital categories depending on its total risk-based capital ratio, Tier I risk-based capital ratio, and leverage ratio, together with certain subjective factors. The categories range from "well capitalized" to "critically undercapitalized." Institutions that are "undercapitalized" or lower are subject to certain mandatory supervisory corrective actions. During these challenging economic time, the federal banking regulators have actively enforced these provisions. REGULATORY OVERSIGHT AND EXAMINATION The Federal Reserve conducts periodic inspections of bank holding companies, which are performed both onsite and offsite. The supervisory objectives of the inspection program are to ascertain whether the financial strength of the bank holding company is being maintained on an ongoing basis and to determine the effects or consequences of transactions between a holding company or its non-banking subsidiaries and its bank subsidiaries. For holding companies under $10 billion in assets, the inspection type and frequency varies depending on asset size, complexity of the organization, and the holding company's rating at its last inspection. 27
Banks are subject to periodic examinations by their primary regulators. Bank examinations have evolved from reliance on transaction testing in assessing a bank's condition to a risk-focused approach. These examinations are extensive and cover the entire breadth of operations of the bank. Generally, safety and soundness examinations occur on an 18-month cycle for banks under $500 million in total assets that are well capitalized and without regulatory issues, and 12-months otherwise. Examinations alternate between the federal and state bank regulatory agency or may occur on a combined schedule. The frequency of consumer compliance and CRA examinations is linked to the size of the institution and its compliance and CRA ratings at its most recent examinations. However, the examination authority of the Federal Reserve and the FDIC allows them to examine supervised banks as frequently as deemed necessary based on the condition of the bank or as a result of certain triggering events. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND ACCOUNTING LEGISLATION Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the "Act") addresses, among other things, corporate governance, auditing and accounting, enhanced and timely disclosure of corporate information, and penalties for non-compliance. Generally, the Act (i) requires chief executive officers and chief financial officers to certify to the accuracy of periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the 'SEC"); (ii) imposes specific and enhanced corporate disclosure requirements; (iii) accelerates the time frame for reporting of insider transactions and periodic disclosures by public companies; (iv) requires companies to adopt and disclose information about corporate governance practices, including whether or not they have adopted a code of ethics for senior financial officers and whether the audit committee includes at least one "audit committee financial expert;" and (v) requires the SEC, based on certain enumerated factors, to regularly and systematically review corporate filings. To deter wrongdoing, the Act: (i) subjects bonuses issued to top executives to disgorgement if a restatement of a company's financial statements was due to corporate misconduct; (ii) prohibits an officer or director misleading or coercing an auditor; (iii) prohibits insider trades during retirement plan "blackout periods"; (iv) imposes new criminal penalties for fraud and other wrongful acts; and (v) extends the period during which certain securities fraud lawsuits can be brought against a company or its officers. As a publicly reporting company, the Company is subject to the requirements of the Act and related rules and regulations issued by the SEC and NASDAQ. After enactment, the Company updated its policies and procedures to comply with the Act's requirements and has found that such compliance, including compliance with Section 404 of the Act relating to management control over financial reporting, has resulted in significant additional expense for the Company. The Company anticipates that it will continue to incur such additional expense in its ongoing compliance. ANTI-TERRORISM LEGISLATION USA Patriot Act of 2001. The Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001, intended to combat terrorism, was renewed with certain amendments in 2006 (the "Patriot Act"). Certain provisions of the Patriot Act were made permanent and other sections were made subject to extended "sunset" provisions. The Patriot Act, in relevant part, (i) prohibits banks from providing correspondent accounts directly to foreign shell banks; (ii) imposes due diligence requirements on banks opening or holding accounts for foreign financial institutions or wealthy foreign individuals; (iii) requires financial institutions to establish an anti-money-laundering compliance program; and (iv) eliminates civil liability for persons who file suspicious activity reports. The Act also includes provisions providing the government with power to investigate terrorism, including expanded government access to bank account records. While the Patriot Act has had minimal affect on the Company's and the bank subsidiaries' record keeping and reporting expenses, it is likely that the renewal and amendment will not have a material adverse effect on business or operations. FINANCIAL SERVICES MODERNIZATION Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act of 1999. The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999 brought about significant changes to the laws affecting banks and bank holding companies. Generally, the Act (i) repeals historical restrictions on preventing banks from affiliating with securities firms; (ii) provides a uniform framework for the activities of banks, savings institutions and their holding companies; (iii) broadens the activities that may be conducted by national banks and banking subsidiaries of bank holding companies; (iv) provides an enhanced framework for protecting the privacy of consumer information and requires notification to consumers of bank privacy policies; and (v) addresses a variety of other legal and regulatory issues affecting both day-to-day operations and long-term activities of financial institutions. Bank holding companies that qualify and elect to become financial holding companies can engage in a wider variety of financial activities than permitted under previous law, particularly with respect to insurance and securities underwriting activities. 28
RECENT LEGISLATION Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008. In response to the recent financial crisis, the United States government passed the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 (the "EESA") on October 3, 2008, which provides the United States Treasury Department (the "Treasury") with broad authority to implement certain actions intended to help restore stability and liquidity to the U.S. financial markets. Insurance of Deposit Accounts. The EESA included a provision for a temporary increase from $100,000 to $250,000 per depositor in deposit insurance effective October 3, 2008 through December 31, 2013. Deposit Insurance Assessments. The FDIC imposes an assessment against institutions for deposit insurance. This assessment is based on the risk category of the institution and ranges from 7 to 77.5 basis points of the institution's deposits. In December 2008, the FDIC adopted a rule that raised the current deposit insurance assessment rates uniformly for all institutions by 7 basis points (to a range from 12 to 50 basis points) for the first quarter of 2009. In February of 2009, the FDIC adopted a final rule modifying the risk-based assessment system and setting initial base assessment rates beginning April 1, 2009 at 12 to 45 basis points. The rule also gives the FDIC the authority to, as necessary, implement emergency special assessments to maintain the deposit insurance fund. Prepaid Assessments. On November 12, 2009, the FDIC approved a final rule requiring all FDIC-insured depository institutions to prepay estimated quarterly assessments for the fourth quarter of 2009 and for all of 2010, 2011, and 2012. The prepayment was collected on December 30, 2009, along with institutions' regular quarterly deposit insurance assessments for the third quarter of 2009. For the fourth quarter of 2009 and all of 2010, the prepaid assessments will be based on an institution's total base assessment rate in effect on September 30, 2009. That rate will be increased by three basis points for 2011 and 2012 prepayments. The prepaid assessments will be accounted for as a prepaid expense amortized over the three year period. Troubled Asset Relief Program. Pursuant to the EESA, the Treasury has the ability to purchase or insure up to $700 billion in troubled assets held by financial institutions under the Troubled Asset Relief Program ("TARP"). On October 14, 2008, the Treasury announced it would initially purchase equity stakes in financial institutions under a Capital Purchase Program (the "CPP") of up to $350 billion of the $700 billion authorized under the TARP legislation. The CPP provides direct equity investment of perpetual preferred stock by the Treasury in qualified financial institutions. The program is voluntary and requires an institution to comply with a number of restrictions and provisions, including limits on executive compensation, stock redemptions and declaration of dividends. The Company received approval for, but determined not to participate in the CPP in light of its successful sale of common stock in November 2008. Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program. In October 2008, the FDIC announced the Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program, which has two components--the Debt Guarantee Program and the Transaction Account Guarantee Program. Under the Transaction Account Guarantee Program any participating depository institution is able to provide full deposit insurance coverage for non-interest bearing transaction accounts, regardless of the dollar amount. Non-interest bearing transaction accounts include demand accounts and NOW accounts contractually limited to paying 50 basis points or less. Under the program, effective November 14, 2008, insured depository institutions that have not opted out of the FDIC Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program will be subject to a 0.10% surcharge applied to non-interest bearing transaction deposit account balances in excess of $250,000, which surcharge will be added to the institution's existing risk-based deposit insurance assessments. Under the Debt Guarantee Program, qualifying unsecured senior debt issued by a participating institution can be guaranteed by the FDIC. The Company and its bank subsidiaries chose to participate in both components of the FDIC Temporary Liquidity Guaranty Program. American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. On February 17, 2009 the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 ("ARRA") was signed into law. ARRA is intended to help stimulate the economy and is a combination of tax cuts and spending provisions applicable to a broad range of areas with an estimated cost of about $780 billion. The impact that ARRA may have on the US economy, the Company and the Banks cannot be predicted with reasonable certainty. 29
PROPOSED LEGISLATION Proposed legislation is introduced in almost every legislative session. Such legislation could dramatically affect the regulation of the banking industry. In light of the 2008 financial crisis, legislation reshaping the regulatory landscape for financial institutions has been proposed. A current proposal includes measures aimed to prevent another financial crisis like the one in 2008 by forming a federal regulatory body to protect the interests of consumers by preventing abusive and risky lending practices, increasing supervision and regulation on financial firms deemed too big to fail, giving shareholders an advisory vote on executive pay, and regulating complex derivatives instruments. The Company cannot predict if any such legislation will be adopted or if it is adopted how it would affect the business of the Company or the Banks. Past history has demonstrated that new legislation or changes to existing laws or regulations usually results in a greater compliance burden and, therefore, generally increases the cost of doing business. EFFECTS OF GOVERNMENT MONETARY POLICY The Company's earnings and growth are affected not only by general economic conditions, but also by the fiscal and monetary policies of the federal government, particularly the Federal Reserve. The Federal Reserve implements national monetary policy for such purposes as curbing inflation and combating recession, but its open market operations in U.S. government securities, control of the discount rate applicable to borrowings from the Federal Reserve, and establishment of reserve requirements against certain deposits, influence the growth of bank loans, investments and deposits, and also affect interest rates charged on loans or paid on deposits. The nature and impact of future changes in monetary policies and their impact on the Company or the Banks cannot be predicted with certainty. TAXATION FEDERAL TAXATION The Company files a consolidated federal income tax return, using the accrual method of accounting. All required tax returns have been timely filed. Financial institutions are subject to the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, in the same general manner as other corporations. STATE TAXATION Under Montana, Idaho, Colorado and Utah law, financial institutions are subject to a corporation tax, which incorporates or is substantially similar to applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. The corporation tax is imposed on federal taxable income, subject to certain adjustments. State taxes are incurred at the rate of 6.75 percent in Montana, 7.6 percent in Idaho, 5 percent in Utah and 4.63 percent in Colorado. Wyoming and Washington do not impose a corporate income tax. See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in "Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" for additional information. ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS The Company and its eleven wholly-owned, independent community bank subsidiaries are exposed to certain risks. The following is a discussion of the most significant risks and uncertainties that may affect the Company's business, financial condition and future results. The Company cannot accurately predict the effect of the current economic downturn on the Company's future results of operations or the market price of its common stock. The national economy and the financial services sector in particular are currently facing challenges of a scope unprecedented in recent history. The Company cannot accurately predict the severity or duration of the current economic downturn, which has adversely impacted the Company's markets. Any further deterioration in the economies of the nation as a whole or in the Company's markets would have an adverse effect, which could be material, on the Company's business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects, and could also cause the market price of the Company's stock to decline. While the Company cannot accurately predict how long these conditions may exist, the economic downturn could continue to present risks for some time for the industry and Company. 30
A further economic downturn in the market areas the Company serves may continue to adversely impact earnings and could increase credit risk associated with the loan portfolio. The inability of borrowers to repay loans can erode earnings by requiring the Company to add to its allowance for loan and lease losses. The effects of the national economic downturn are significantly impacting the market areas the Company serves. A further deterioration in the market areas the Company serves could result in the following consequences, any of which could have an adverse impact, which could be material, on the Company's business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects: - loan delinquencies may increase further; - problem assets and foreclosures may increase further; - collateral for loans made may decline further in value, in turn reducing customers' borrowing power, reducing the value of assets and collateral associated with existing loans; - demand for banking products and services may decline; and - low cost or non-interest bearing deposits may decrease. The allowance for loan and lease losses may not be adequate to cover actual loan losses, which could adversely affect earnings. The Company maintains an ALLL in an amount that it believes is adequate to provide for losses inherent in the loan portfolio. While the Company strives to carefully manage and monitor credit quality and to identify loans that may become nonperforming, at any time there are loans included in the portfolio that will result in losses, but that have not been identified as nonperforming or potential problem loans. By closely monitoring credit quality, the Company attempts to identify deteriorating loans before they become nonperforming assets and adjust the ALLL accordingly. However, because future events are uncertain, and if the economy continues to deteriorate, there may be loans that deteriorate to a nonperforming status in an accelerated time frame. As a result, future additions to the ALLL may be necessary. Because the loan portfolio contains a number of loans with relatively large balances, the deterioration of one or a few of these loans may cause a significant increase in nonperforming loans, requiring an increase to the ALLL. Additionally, future significant additions to the ALLL may be required based on changes in the mix of loans comprising the portfolio, changes in the financial condition of borrowers, which may result from changes in economic conditions, or as a result of incorrect assumptions by management in determining the ALLL. Additionally, federal banking regulators, as an integral part of their supervisory function, periodically review the Company's loan portfolio and the adequacy of the ALLL. These regulatory agencies may require the Company to recognize further loan loss provisions or charge-offs based upon their judgments, which may be different from the Company's judgments. Any increase in the ALLL would have an adverse effect, which could be material, on the Company's financial condition and results of operations. The Company has a high concentration of loans secured by real estate, so any further deterioration in the real estate markets could require material increases in ALLL and adversely affect the Company's financial condition and results of operations. The Company has a high concentration of loans secured by real estate. Further downturn in the market areas the Company serves may cause the Company to have lower earnings and could increase credit risk associated with the loan portfolio, as the collateral securing those loans may decrease in value. A continued downturn in the local economy could have a material adverse effect both on the borrowers' ability to repay these loans, as well as the value of the real property held as collateral. The Company's ability to recover on these loans by selling or disposing of the underlying real estate collateral is adversely impacted by declining real estate values, which increases the likelihood that the Company will suffer losses on defaulted loans secured by real estate beyond the amounts provided for in the ALLL. This, in turn, could require material increases in the ALLL which would adversely affect the Company's financial condition and results of operations, perhaps materially. A continued tightening of the credit markets may make it difficult to obtain adequate funding for loan growth, which could adversely affect earnings. A continued tightening of the credit market and the inability to obtain or retain adequate funds for continued loan growth at an acceptable cost may negatively affect the Company's asset growth and liquidity position and, therefore, earnings capability. In addition to core deposit growth, maturity of investment securities and loan payments, the Company also relies on alternative funding sources through correspondent banking, and borrowing lines with the FRB and FHLB to fund loans. In the event the current economic downturn continues, particularly in the housing market, these resources could be negatively affected, both as to price and availability, which would limit and or raise the cost of the funds available to the Company. There can be no assurance the Company will be able to continue paying dividends on the common stock at recent levels. The ability to pay dividends on the Company's common stock depends on a variety of factors. The Company paid dividends of $0.13 per share in each quarter of 2009. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to continue paying quarterly dividends commensurate with recent levels. Current guidance from the Federal Reserve provides, among other things, that dividends per share generally should not exceed earnings per share, measured over the previous four fiscal quarters. As a result, future dividends will depend on sufficient earnings to support them. 31
The FDIC has increased insurance premiums to rebuild and maintain the federal deposit insurance fund and there may be additional future premium increases and special assessments. The FDIC adopted a final rule revising its risk-based assessment system, effective April 1, 2009. The changes to the assessment system involve adjustments to the risk-based calculation of an institution's unsecured debt, secured liabilities and brokered deposits. The revisions effectively result in a range of possible assessments under the risk-based system of 7 to 77.5 basis points. The potential increase in FDIC insurance premiums could have a significant impact on the Company. On May 22, 2009, the FDIC imposed a special deposit insurance assessment of five basis points on all insured institutions. This emergency assessment was calculated based on the insured institution's assets at June 30, 2009, and collected on September 30, 2009. This special assessment was in addition to the regular quarterly risk-based assessment. The FDIC also has recently required insured institutions to prepay estimated quarterly risk-based assessments for the fourth quarter of 2009 and for 2010, 2011 and 2012, and increased the regular assessment rate by three basis points effective January 1, 2011, as a means of replenishing the deposit insurance fund. The prepayment was collected on December 30, 2009, and was accounted for as a prepaid expense amortized over the prepayment period. The FDIC deposit insurance fund may suffer additional losses in the future due to bank failures. There can be no assurance that there will not be additional significant deposit insurance premium increases, special assessments or prepayments in order to restore the insurance fund's reserve ratio. Any significant premium increases or special assessments could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition and results of operations. The Company's loan portfolio mix could result in increased credit risk in an economic downturn. The loan portfolio contains a high percentage of commercial, commercial real estate, real estate acquisition and development loans in relation to the total loans and total assets. These types of loans have historically been viewed as having more risk of default than residential real estate loans or certain other types of loans or investments. In fact, the FDIC has issued pronouncements alerting banks of its concern about banks with a heavy concentration of commercial real estate loans. These types of loans also typically are larger than residential real estate loans and other commercial loans. Because the Company's loan portfolio contains a significant number of commercial and commercial real estate loans with relatively large balances, the deterioration of one or more of these loans may cause a significant increase in non-performing loans. An increase in non-performing loans could result in a loss of earnings from these loans, an increase in the provision for loan losses, or an increase in loan charge-offs, which could have an adverse impact on results of operations and financial condition. Nonperforming assets take significant time to resolve and adversely affect the Company's results of operations and financial condition. Nonperforming assets (which include foreclosed real estate) adversely affect the Company's net income in various ways. Until economic and market conditions improve, the Company expects to continue to incur additional losses relating to an increase in nonperforming loans. The Company does not record interest income on non-accrual loans or other real estate owned, thereby adversely affecting its income, and increasing loan administration costs. When the Company takes collateral in foreclosures and similar proceedings, it is required to mark the related asset to the then fair market value of the collateral less cost to sell, which may result in a loss. An increase in the level of nonperforming assets also increases the Company's risk profile and may impact the capital levels its regulators believe is appropriate in light of such risks. While the Company has reduced its problem assets through workouts, restructurings and otherwise, decreases in the value of these assets, or the underlying collateral, or in these borrowers' performance or financial condition, whether or not due to economic and market conditions beyond the Company's control, could adversely affect the Company's business, results of operations and financial condition, perhaps materially. In addition to the carrying costs to maintain other real estate owned, the resolution of nonperforming assets requires significant commitments of time from management and the Company's directors, which can be detrimental to performance of their other responsibilities. There can be no assurance that the Company will not experience further increases in nonperforming assets in the future. 32
The Company's ability to access markets for funding and acquire and retain customers could be adversely affected by the deterioration of other financial institutions or to the extent the financial service industry's reputation is damaged. Reputation risk is the risk to liquidity, earnings and capital arising from negative publicity regarding the financial services industry. The financial services industry continues to be featured in negative headlines about the global and national credit crisis and the resulting stabilization legislation enacted by the U.S. federal government. These reports can be damaging to the industry's image and potentially erode consumer confidence in insured financial institutions, such as the Company's bank subsidiaries. In addition, the Company's ability to engage in routine funding and other transactions could be adversely affected by the actions and financial condition of other financial institutions. Financial services institutions are interrelated as a result of trading, clearing, correspondent, counterparty or other relationships. As a result, defaults by, or even rumors or questions about, one or more financial services institutions, or the financial services industry in general, could lead to market-wide liquidity problems, losses of depositor, creditor and counterparty confidence and could lead to losses or defaults by us or by other institutions. The Company could experience material changes in the level of deposits as a direct or indirect result of other banks' difficulties or failure, which could affect the amount of capital needed. Decline in the fair value of the Company's investment portfolio could adversely affect earnings The fair value of the Company's investment securities could decline as a result of factors including changes in market interest rates, credit quality and ratings, lack of market liquidity and other economic conditions. Investment securities are impaired if the fair value of the security is less than the carrying value. When a security is impaired, the Company determines whether impairment is temporary or other-than-temporary. The Company adopted FASB ASC Topic 320, Investments - Debt and Equity Securities, relating to the recognition and presentation of other-than-temporary impairments, effective for the interim period ended June 30, 2009, and accordingly, if an impairment is determined to be other-than temporary, an impairment loss is recognized by reducing the amortized cost only for the credit loss associated with an other-than-temporary loss with a corresponding charge to earnings for a like amount. For further information regarding the standard see discussion in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Impact of Recently Issued Standards". Fluctuating interest rates can adversely affect profitability. The Company's profitability is dependent to a large extent upon net interest income, which is the difference (or "spread") between the interest earned on loans, securities and other interest-earning assets and interest paid on deposits, borrowings, and other interest-bearing liabilities. Because of the differences in maturities and repricing characteristics of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, changes in interest rates do not produce equivalent changes in interest income earned on interest-earning assets and interest paid on interest-bearing liabilities. Accordingly, fluctuations in interest rates could adversely affect the Company's interest rate spread, and, in turn, profitability. The Company seeks to manage its interest rate risk within well established guidelines. Generally, the Company seeks an asset and liability structure that insulates net interest income from large deviations attributable to changes in market rates. However, the Company's structures and practices to manage interest rate risk may not be effective in a highly volatile rate environment. If the goodwill recorded in connection with acquisitions becomes impaired, it could have an adverse impact on earnings and capital. Accounting standards require that the Company account for acquisitions using the acquisition method of accounting. Under acquisition accounting, if the purchase price of an acquired company exceeds the fair value of its net assets, the excess is carried on the acquiror's balance sheet as goodwill. In accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, goodwill is not amortized but rather is evaluated for impairment on an annual basis or more frequently if events or circumstances indicate that a potential impairment exists. Although at the current time the Company has not incurred an impairment of goodwill, there can be no assurance that future evaluations of goodwill will not result in findings of impairment and write-downs, which could be material. Growth through future acquisitions could, in some circumstances, adversely affect profitability measures. The Company has in recent years acquired other financial institutions. The Company may in the future engage in selected acquisitions of additional financial institutions, including transactions that may receive assistance from the FDIC. There are risks associated with any such acquisitions that could adversely affect profitability. These risks include, among other things, incorrectly assessing the asset quality of a financial institution being acquired, encountering greater than anticipated cost of integrating acquired businesses into the Company's operations, and being unable to profitably deploy funds acquired in an acquisition. Furthermore, the Company cannot provide any assurance as to the extent to which the Company can continue to grow through acquisitions. The Company anticipates that it might issue capital stock in connection with future acquisitions. Acquisitions and related issuances of stock may have a dilutive effect on earnings per share and the percentage ownership of current shareholders. See Note 23 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in "Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" for additional information. 33
The Company may pursue additional capital in the future, which could dilute the holders of the Company's outstanding common stock and may adversely affect the market price of common stock. In the current economic environment, the Company believes it is prudent to consider alternatives for raising capital when opportunities to raise capital at attractive prices present themselves, in order to further strengthen the Company's capital and better position itself to take advantage of opportunities that may arise in the future. Such alternatives may include issuance and sale of common or preferred stock, trust preferred securities, or borrowings by the Company, with proceeds contributed to the Bank. Any such capital raising alternatives could dilute the holders of the Company's outstanding common stock, and may adversely affect the market price of our common stock and performance measures such as earnings per share. Business would be harmed if the Company lost the services of any of the senior management team. The Company believes its success to date has been substantially dependent on its Chief Executive Officer and other members of the executive management team, and on the Presidents of its bank subsidiaries. The loss of any of these persons could have an adverse effect on the Company's business and future growth prospects. Competition in the Company's market areas may limit future success. Commercial banking is a highly competitive business. The Company competes with other commercial banks, savings and loan associations, credit unions, finance, insurance and other non-depository companies operating in its market areas. The Company is subject to substantial competition for loans and deposits from other financial institutions. Some of its competitors are not subject to the same degree of regulation and restriction as the Company. Some of the Company's competitors have greater financial resources than the Company. If the Company is unable to effectively compete in its market areas, the Company's business, results of operations and prospects could be adversely effected. The Company operates in a highly regulated environment and may be adversely effected by changes in federal state and local laws and regulations. As discussed more fully in the section entitled "Supervision and Regulation", the Company is subject to extensive regulation, supervision and examination by federal and state banking authorities. In addition, as a publicly traded company, the Company is subject to regulation by the Securities and Exchange Commission. Any change in applicable regulations or federal, state or local legislation could have a substantial impact on the Company and its operations. Additional legislation and regulations that could significantly affect the Company's powers, authority and operations may be enacted or adopted in the future, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition and results of operations. Further, regulators have significant discretion and authority to prevent or remedy unsafe or unsound practices or violations of laws or regulations by financial institutions and holding companies in the performance of their supervisory and enforcement duties. Recently these powers have been utilized more frequently due to the serious national, regional and local economic conditions the Company is facing. The exercise of regulatory authority may have a negative impact on the Company's financial condition and results of operations. The Company cannot predict the actual effects of recent legislation or the proposed regulatory reform measures and various governmental, regulatory, monetary and fiscal initiatives which have been and may be enacted on the financial markets, on the Company and its subsidiaries. The terms and costs of these activities, or the failure of these actions to help stabilize the financial markets, asset prices, market liquidity and a continuation or worsening of current financial market and economic conditions could materially and adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition, results of operations, and the trading price of common stock. ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS None 34
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES At December 31, 2009, the Company owned 81 of its 106 offices, of which 9 are loan or administration offices. Including its headquarters and other owned properties, the aggregate book value of Company-owned properties is approximately $113 million. The remaining offices are leased and include 7 offices in Montana, 13 offices in Idaho, 2 offices in Wyoming, 1 office in Colorado, 1 office in Utah, and 1 office in Washington. The following schedule provides property information for the Company's bank subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009. Properties Properties Net Book (Dollars in thousands) Leased Owned Value - ---------------------- ---------- ---------- -------- Glacier 2 15 $ 23,934 Mountain West 15 14 15,930 First Security 2 11 9,548 1st Bank 1 11 10,363 Western 1 7 14,560 Big Sky 1 4 10,452 Valley -- 6 5,198 First National 1 2 6,633 Citizens -- 6 6,579 First Bank-MT 1 2 624 San Juans 1 2 4,182 Parent -- 1 4,968 --- --- -------- 25 81 $112,971 === === ======== The Company believes that all of its facilities are well maintained, generally adequate and suitable for the current operations of its business, as well as fully utilized. In the normal course of business, new locations and facility upgrades occur. For additional information concerning the Company's premises and equipment and lease obligations, see Notes 5 and 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in "Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data". ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS The Company and its subsidiaries are parties to various claims, legal actions and complaints in the ordinary course of their businesses. In the Company's opinion, all such matters are adequately covered by insurance, are without merit or are of such kind, or involve such amounts, that unfavorable disposition would not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position or results of operations of the Company. ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTER TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders in the fourth quarter of 2009. 35
PART II ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES The Company's stock trades on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol: GBCI. The primary market makers during the year are listed below: Automated Trading Desk D.A. Davidson & Co., Inc. Goldman, Sachs & Co. J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. Liquidnet, Inc. Morgan Stanley & Co., Inc. RBC Capital Markets Corp. Wedbush Morgan Securities Inc Barclays Capital Inc./Le Deutsche Banc Alex Brown Instinet, LLC Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, Inc. Lime Brokerage, LLC Newedge USA, LLC SG Americas Securities LLC Credit Suisse Securities USA Direct Edge ECN LLC Investment Technology Group Knight Equity Markets, L.P. Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner Octeg, LLC UBS Securities, LLC. The market range of high and low closing prices for the Company's common stock for the periods indicated are shown below. The sale price information has been adjusted retroactively for all stock dividends and splits previously issued. As of December 31, 2009, there were approximately 1,979 shareholders of record of the Company's common stock. Following is a schedule of quarterly common stock closing price ranges: 2009 2008 --------------- --------------- Quarter HIGH LOW High Low - --------- ------ ------ ------ ------ First ... $19.36 $12.15 $20.48 $15.54 Second .. 18.97 14.67 21.78 15.99 Third ... 16.80 12.92 27.72 14.46 Fourth .. 14.62 11.92 25.36 14.12 The Company paid cash dividends on its common stock of $0.52 per share for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. On November 19, 2008, the Company completed the common stock offering of 6,325,000 shares generating net proceeds, after underwriter discounts and offering expenses, of $94.0 million. Such offering was completed pursuant to the $250 million shelf registration filed with the SEC on November 3, 2008. UNREGISTERED SECURITIES There have been no securities of the Company sold within the last three years which were not registered under the Securities Act. ISSUER STOCK PURCHASES The Company made no stock repurchases during 2009. EQUITY COMPENSATION PLAN INFORMATION The Company currently maintains the 2005 Employee Stock Incentive Plan which was approved by the shareholders and provides for the issuance of stock-based compensation to officers and other employees and directors. Although the 1994 Director Stock Option Plan and the 1995 Employee Stock Option Plan expired in March 2009 and April 2005, respectively, there are issued options outstanding under both plans that have not been exercised as of year end. 36
The following table sets forth information regarding outstanding options and shares reserved for future issuance under the foregoing plans as of December 31, 2009: Number of Shares Remaining Available for Future Number of Shares to be Weighted-Average Issuance Under Equity Issued Upon Exercise of Exercise Price of Compensation Plans Outstanding Options, Outstanding Options, (Excluding Shares Warrants and Rights Warrants and Rights Reflected in Column (a)) Plan Category (a) (b) (c) - ------------------------------- ----------------------- -------------------- -------------------------- Equity compensation plans approved by the shareholders 2,695,645 $19.52 2,716,109 Equity compensation plans not approved by shareholders -- $ -- -- ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA The following financial data of the Company are derived from the Company's historical audited financial statements and related notes. The information set forth below should be read in conjunction with Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the financial statements and related notes contained elsewhere in this report. 37
Compounded Annual Growth Rate At December 31, ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------ 1-Year 5-Year (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2009/2008 2009/2004 - ------------------------------------------------ ---------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL CONDITION: Total assets ................................ $6,191,795 5,553,970 4,817,330 4,471,298 3,708,975 11.5% 15.5% Investment securities, available-for-sale ... 1,506,394 990,092 700,324 825,637 970,055 52.1% 6.7% Loans receivable, net ....................... 3,987,318 4,053,454 3,557,122 3,165,524 2,397,187 (1.6%) 18.6% Allowance for loan and lease losses ......... (142,927) (76,739) (54,413) (49,259) (38,655) 86.3% 40.1% Goodwill and intangibles .................... 160,196 159,765 154,264 144,466 87,114 0.3% 30.5% Deposits .................................... 4,100,152 3,262,475 3,184,478 3,207,533 2,534,712 25.7% 18.8% Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank ........ 790,367 338,456 538,949 307,522 402,191 133.5% (0.7%) Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other borrowed funds ...... 451,251 1,110,731 401,621 338,986 317,222 (59.4%) 40.9% Stockholders' equity ........................ 685,890 676,940 528,576 456,143 333,239 1.3% 20.5% Equity per common share(1) .................. 11.13 11.04 9.85 8.72 6.91 0.8% 13.6% Equity as a percentage of total assets ...... 11.08% 12.19% 10.97% 10.20% 8.98% (9.1%) 4.3% Compounded Annual Growth Rate Years ended December 31, ------------------- ------------------------------------------------------ 1-Year 5-Year (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 2009/2008 2009/2004 - ------------------------------------------------ ---------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- --------- SUMMARY OF OPERATIONS: Interest income ............................. $302,494 302,985 304,760 253,326 189,985 (0.2%) 15.5% Interest expense ............................ 57,167 90,372 121,291 95,038 59,978 (36.7%) 7.5% -------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Net interest income ...................... 245,327 212,613 183,469 158,288 130,007 15.4% 18.0% Provision for loan losses ................... 124,618 28,480 6,680 5,192 6,023 337.6% 97.0% Non-interest income ......................... 86,474 61,034 64,818 51,842 44,626 41.7% 20.1% Non-interest expense ........................ 168,818 145,909 137,917 112,550 90,926 15.7% 18.5% -------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Earnings before income taxes ............. 38,365 99,258 103,690 92,388 77,684 (61.3%) (10.2%) Income taxes ................................ 3,991 33,601 35,087 31,257 25,311 (88.1%) (28.3%) -------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Net earnings ............................. 34,374 65,657 68,603 61,131 52,373 (47.6%) (5.1%) ======== ======= ======= ======= ======= Basic earnings per common share(1) ....... 0.56 1.20 1.29 1.23 1.12 (53.3%) (10.4%) Diluted earnings per common share(1) ..... 0.56 1.19 1.28 1.21 1.09 (52.9%) (10.2%) Dividends declared per share(1) .......... 0.52 0.52 0.50 0.45 0.40 0.0% 7.6% At or for the years ended December 31, ------------------------------------------------------ 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 ---------- --------- --------- --------- --------- RATIOS: Net earnings as a percent of average assets ........................... 0.60% 1.31% 1.49% 1.52% 1.52% average stockholders' equity ............. 4.97% 11.63% 13.82% 16.00% 17.62% Dividend payout ratio ....................... 92.86% 43.33% 38.76% 36.59% 35.93% Average equity to average asset ratio ....... 12.16% 11.23% 10.78% 9.52% 8.61% Net interest margin on average earning assets (tax equivalent) ......................... 4.82% 4.70% 4.50% 4.44% 4.25% Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percent of loans ......................... 3.46% 1.86% 1.51% 1.53% 1.59% Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percent of nonperforming assets .......... 55% 91% 409% 554% 383% At or for the years ended December 31, ------------------------------------------------------ (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005 - ---------------------- ---------- --------- --------- --------- --------- OTHER DATA: Loans originated and acquired ............... $2,430,967 2,456,749 2,576,260 2,389,341 2,113,777 Loans serviced for others ................... 176,231 181,351 177,173 177,518 145,279 Number of full time equivalent employees .... 1,643 1,571 1,480 1,356 1,125 Number of offices ........................... 106 101 97 93 75 Number of shareholders of record ............ 1,979 2,032 1,992 1,973 1,907 (1) Revised for stock splits and dividends. 38
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2009 COMPARED TO DECEMBER 31, 2008 The following discussion is intended to provide a more comprehensive review of the Company's operating results and financial condition than can be obtained from reading the Consolidated Financial Statements alone. The discussion should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements and the notes thereto included in "Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data." HIGHLIGHTS AND OVERVIEW On October 2, 2009, the Company acquired First National which accounted for an increase in total assets of $272 million, including loans of $161 million, and deposits of $237 million. Cash of $621 thousand and 99,995 shares of the Company's common stock were issued in the acquisition. The Company also contributed $15.3 million in capital to the bank. The acquisition resulted in a $3.5 million one-time bargain purchase gain which was based on the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. On February 1, 2009, Morgan merged into 1st Bank resulting in operations being conducted under the 1st Bank charter. Prior period activity of Morgan has been combined and included in 1st Bank's historical results. The Company experienced minimal loan growth with gross loans outstanding increasing by $52 thousand, or less than 1 percent from the prior year. Without the acquisition, loans decreased $153 million, or 4 percent. Investments, including interest bearing deposits and fed funds sold, increased $596 million, or 60 percent, from the prior year as the Company continues to deploy loan payments into investment securities, when loan growth slows. Non-interest bearing deposits increased $63 million, or 8 percent, during the year. The Company increased interest bearing deposits by $775 million, or 31 percent. The acquisition of First National contributed $41 million and $206 million of the non-interest bearing and interest-bearing deposits, respectively, at year-end. FHLB advances increased $452 million during the year, while FRB borrowings decreased $689 million. Repurchase agreements and other borrowed funds increased $30 million from the prior year. Stockholders' equity increased $9 million, or 1 percent, during the year and the Company and each of the bank subsidiaries have remained above the well capitalized levels required by regulators. Although the stockholders' equity increase was smaller than the prior year, the Company was able to maintain the shareholder dividend while also increasing the ALLL to 3.46 percent of loans up from 1.86 percent at the end of 2008. Net earnings for 2009 were $34.374 million, which is a decrease of $31.283 million, or 48 percent, over the prior year. Diluted earnings per share of $0.56 is a decrease of 53 percent from the $1.19 earned in 2008. The primary reason for the reduction in earnings is the provision for loan losses of $124.6 million compared to $28.5 million during the prior year. Included in net earnings for 2009 is a $3.482 million one-time bargain purchase gain from the acquisition of First National. Included in net earnings for 2008 is a nonrecurring charge of $4.602 million ($7.6 million pre-tax) for other-than-temporary impairment with respect to investments in Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("Freddie Mac") preferred stock and Federal National Mortgage Association ("Fannie Mae") common stock and a nonrecurring gain of $1.0 million ($1.7 million pre-tax) from the sale and relocation of Mountain West's office facility in Ketchum, Idaho. Net interest income for 2009 increased $33 million, or 15 percent, over the prior year. The net interest margin as a percentage of earning assets, on a tax-equivalent basis, was 4.82 percent, an increase of 12 basis points over the 4.70 percent for 2008. The increase in net interest margin is a result of the Banks' continued focus on low cost deposits and borrowings. Excluding nonrecurring items, the efficiency ratio (non-interest expense / net interest income plus non-interest income) decreased from 52 percent to 51 percent during 2009, a 1 percentage point improvement. Looking forward, the Company's future performance will depend on many factors including economic conditions in the markets the Company serves, interest rate changes, increasing competition for deposits, loan quality, and regulatory burden. The Company's goal of its asset and liability management practices is to maintain or increase the level of net interest income within an acceptable level of interest rate risk. 39
FINANCIAL CONDITION ACQUISITION The results of operations and financial condition include the acquisition of First Company and its subsidiary First National from October 2, 2009. Cash of $621 thousand and 99,995 shares of the Company's common stock were issued in the acquisition. The Company also contributed $15.3 million in capital to the bank. The acquisition resulted in a $3.482 million one-time bargain purchase gain recorded in other income. The bargain purchase gain was based on the estimated fair value of the assets and liabilities assumed and was a result of the net fair value of assets acquired exceeding the purchase price. Adjustment of the allocated purchase price may be related to fair value estimates for which all information has not been obtained on the acquired entity known or discovered during the allocation period, the period of time required to identify and measure the fair values of the assets and liabilities acquired in the business combination. Effective January 1, 2009, FASB ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations, prohibits the carryover of the ALLL at acquisition date. Fair value of the loan portfolio includes assessment of credit quality, interest rates and other factors. As a result of no carryover of the ALLL, many of the traditional credit quality ratios (e.g., ALLL as a percent of loans) used to monitor trends in credit quality have been skewed at First National; however, at the Company level the asset quality ratios are impacted less by such accounting. Subsequent to acquisition, First National maintains an ALLL for losses inherent in the loan portfolio at period end. The following table provides the estimated fair value of selected classifications of assets and liabilities acquired: (Dollars in thousands) First National - ---------------------- --------------- Acquisition Date October 2, 2009 Total assets $272,280 Investments, including fed funds 60,802 Loans 160,538 Non-interest bearing deposits 39,221 Interest bearing deposits 197,308 Borrowed funds 26,686 ASSETS As reflected in the following table, total assets at December 31, 2009 were $6.192 billion, which is $638 million, or 11 percent, greater than the total assets of $5.554 billion at December 31, 2008. December 31, ----------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 $ Change % Change - ---------------------- ---------- ---------- -------- -------- ASSETS Cash on hand and in banks $ 120,731 $ 125,123 $ (4,392) -4% Investments, interest bearing deposits, FHLB stock, FRB stock, and fed funds 1,596,238 1,000,224 596,014 60% Loans: Residential real estate 797,626 838,375 (40,749) -5% Commercial 2,613,218 2,575,828 37,390 1% Consumer and other 719,401 715,990 3,411 0% ---------- ---------- -------- --- Total loans 4,130,245 4,130,193 52 0% Allowance for loan and lease losses (142,927) (76,739) (66,188) 86% ---------- ---------- -------- --- Total loans, net of allowance for loan and lease losses 3,987,318 4,053,454 (66,136) -2% ---------- ---------- -------- --- Other assets 487,508 375,169 112,339 30% ---------- ---------- -------- --- Total assets $6,191,795 $5,553,970 $637,825 11% ========== ========== ======== === At December 31, 2009, total loans were $4.130 billion, an increase of $52 thousand over total loans at December 31, 2008. Residential real estate loans decreased $41 million, or 5 percent, during the year. Consumer and other loans, which are primarily comprised of home equity loans, increased by $3 million, or less than 1 percent, and commercial loans increased by $37 million, or 1 percent, during 2009. Excluding the loan growth of $153 million attributable to the acquisition of First National, the loan portfolio decreased organically 4 percent for 2009 and, primarily the result of decreased loan demand. 40
Investment securities, including interest bearing deposits in other financial institutions and federal funds sold, have increased $596 million, or 60 percent, from December 31, 2008. The increase in investments for the year includes $112 million at First National. Investment securities represented 26 percent of total assets at December 31, 2009 versus 18 percent of total assets at December 31, 2008. The Company continues to purchase investment securities when loan growth slows. The following table summarizes the major asset components as a percentage of total assets as of December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007: December 31, --------------------- 2009 2008 2007 ----- ----- ----- ASSETS Cash and cash equivalents, investment securities, FHLB and FRB stock............................ 27.7% 20.3% 19.2% Residential real estate loans.................... 12.7% 15.0% 15.0% Commercial loans................................. 40.5% 45.3% 45.8% Consumer and other loans......................... 11.2% 12.7% 13.1% Other assets..................................... 7.9% 6.7% 6.9% ----- ----- ----- Total assets.................................. 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% ===== ===== ===== The mix of assets was relatively stable from 2007 to 2008 and as loan growth slowed during 2009, the Company purchased investment securities contributing significantly to the 7.4 percent increase in cash, cash equivalents, investment securities, FHLB and FRB stock. Although, commercial and consumer and other loans resulted in dollar increases from prior year, the percent mix decreased as investments continue to grow. LIABILITIES The following table summarizes the liability balances as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, the amount of change, and percentage change during 2009: December 31, ----------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 $ Change % Change - ---------------------- ---------- ---------- --------- -------- LIABILITIES Non-interest bearing deposits $ 810,550 $ 747,439 $ 63,111 8% Interest bearing deposits 3,289,602 2,515,036 774,566 31% Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank 790,367 338,456 451,911 134% Federal Reserve Bank discount window 225,000 914,000 (689,000) -75% Securities sold under agreements to repurchase and other borrowed funds 226,251 196,731 29,520 15% Other liabilities 39,147 44,331 (5,184) -12% Subordinated debentures 124,988 121,037 3,951 3% ---------- ---------- --------- --- Total liabilities $5,505,905 $4,877,030 $ 628,875 13% ========== ========== ========= === As of December 31, 2009, non-interest bearing deposits increased $63 million, or 8 percent, since December 31, 2008. Interest bearing deposits of $3.290 billion at December 31, 2009 include wholesale deposits of $351 million, of which $151 million were issued through CDARS. Interest bearing deposits increased $775 million, or 31 percent from December 31, 2008, of which $321 million was from wholesale deposits. The increase in non-interest bearing deposits and interest bearing deposits included $41 million and $206 million, respectively, for First National as of year end. FHLB advances increased $452 million, or 134 percent, from December 31, 2008. FRB borrowings decreased $689 million, or 75 percent, from December 31, 2008. Repurchase agreements and other borrowed funds were $226 million at December 31, 2009, an increase of $30 million, or 15 percent, from December 31, 2008. 41
The following table summarizes the major liability and equity components as a percentage of total liabilities and equity as of December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007: December 31, --------------------- 2009 2008 2007 ----- ----- ----- LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Deposit accounts ................................. 66.2% 58.7% 66.1% FHLB advances .................................... 12.8% 6.1% 11.2% FRB discount window .............................. 3.6% 16.5% 0.0% Other borrowings and repurchase agreements ....... 3.7% 3.5% 8.3% Subordinated debentures .......................... 2.0% 2.2% 2.5% Other liabilities ................................ 0.6% 0.8% 0.9% Stockholders' equity ............................. 11.1% 12.2% 11.0% ----- ----- ----- Total liabilities and stockholders' equity .... 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% ===== ===== ===== Deposits have increased from 58.7 percent of total liabilities and stockholders' equity at December 31, 2008 to 66.2 percent at December 31, 2009, as a result of the Banks continued focus on growing and retaining deposits. The increase in deposits reduced the need for funding asset growth with alternative wholesale borrowings, which was the primary reason for the 6.0 percent decrease in the combined FHLB advances, FRB, and other borrowings and repurchase agreement categories. Stockholders' equity as a percentage of total liabilities and stockholders' equity decreased 1.1 percent during the year, primarily a result of the $9 million, or 1 percent, increase in stockholders equity which was not sufficient to outpace the $629 million, or 13 percent, increase in total liabilities. STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY The following table summarizes the stockholders' equity balances as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, the amount of change, and percentage change during 2009: December 31, -------------------- (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) 2009 2008 $ Change % Change - --------------------------------------------- --------- --------- -------- -------- STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Common equity $ 686,238 $ 678,183 $8,055 1% Accumulated other comprehensive loss (348) (1,243) 895 -72% --------- --------- ------ Total stockholders' equity 685,890 676,940 8,950 1% Goodwill and core deposit intangible, net (160,196) (159,765) (431) 0% --------- --------- ------ Tangible stockholders' equity $ 525,694 $ 517,175 $8,519 2% ========= ========= ====== Stockholders' equity to total assets 11.08% 12.19% Tangible stockholders' equity to total tangible assets 8.72% 9.59% Book value per common share $ 11.13 $ 11.04 $ 0.09 1% Tangible book value per common share $ 8.53 $ 8.43 $ 0.10 1% Market price per share at end of year $ 13.72 $ 19.02 $(5.30) -28% Total stockholders' equity and book value per share increased $9 million and $0.09 per share, respectively, from December 31, 2008, the result of earnings retention, exercised stock options, decrease in accumulated comprehensive loss, and stock issued in connection with the First National acquisition. Tangible stockholders' equity increased $9 million, or 2 percent since December 31, 2008, with tangible stockholders' equity at 8.72 percent of total tangible assets at December 31, 2009, down from 9.59 percent at December 31, 2008. Accumulated other comprehensive loss, representing net unrealized losses (net of tax) on investment securities designated as available-for-sale, decreased $1 million from December 31, 2008. 42
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The following table summarizes revenue for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, including the amount and percentage change during 2009: REVENUE SUMMARY Years ended December 31, ------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 $ Change % Change - ---------------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Net interest income Interest income $302,494 $302,985 $ (491) 0% Interest expense 57,167 90,372 (33,205) -37% -------- -------- -------- Total net interest income 245,327 212,613 32,714 15% Non-interest income: Service charges, loan fees, and other fees 45,871 47,506 (1,635) -3% Gain on sale of loans 26,923 14,849 12,074 81% Gain (loss) on investments 5,995 (7,345) 13,340 -182% Other income 7,685 6,024 1,661 28% -------- -------- -------- Total non-interest income 86,474 61,034 25,440 42% -------- -------- -------- $331,801 $273,647 $ 58,154 21% ======== ======== ======== Net interest margin (tax-equivalent) 4.82% 4.70% ======== ======== NET INTEREST INCOME Net interest income for 2009 increased $33 million, or 15 percent, over 2008. Total interest income during 2009 decreased $491 thousand, or less than 1 percent, while total interest expense decreased $33 million, or 37 percent. The decrease in total interest expense from the prior year is primarily attributable to rate decreases in interest bearing deposits and lower cost borrowings. The net interest margin as a percentage of earning assets, on a tax-equivalent basis for the year, was 4.82 percent for the current year, an increase of 12 basis points from the 4.70 percent for 2008. NON-INTEREST INCOME Total non-interest income for 2009 increased $25 million, or 42 percent over 2008. Fee income for 2009 decreased $1.6 million, or 3 percent, as compared to 2008. Gain on sale of loans increased $12 million, or 81 percent, primarily the result of the increase in purchase and refinance residential loans originated and sold in the secondary market. Gain on investments during 2009 of $6.0 million is the net gain from sales of investment securities. Loss from investments during 2008 included a non-recurring $7.6 million other-than-temporary impairment charge on investments in Freddie Mac preferred stock and Fannie Mae common stock. Other income of $7.7 million includes a $3.5 million one-time bargain purchase gain from the acquisition of First National in 2009. In 2008, other income of $6.0 million included a $1.7 million gain from the sale and relocation of Mountain West's office facility in Ketchum, Idaho. The following table summarizes non-interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, including the amount and percentage change during 2009: NON-INTEREST EXPENSE SUMMARY Years ended December 31, ------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 $ Change % Change - ---------------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Compensation and employee benefits and related expense $ 84,965 $ 82,027 $ 2,938 4% Occupancy and equipment expense 23,471 21,674 1,797 8% Advertising and promotions 6,477 6,989 (512) -7% Outsourced data processing 3,031 2,508 523 21% Core deposit intangibles amortization 3,116 3,051 65 2% Other expenses 47,758 29,660 18,098 61% -------- -------- ------- Total non-interest expense $168,818 $145,909 $22,909 16% ======== ======== ======= 43
NON-INTEREST EXPENSE Non-interest expense increased by $23 million, or 16 percent, during 2009. Compensation and employee benefit expense increased $2.9 million, or 4 percent, from 2008, due to the increased number of employees from the acquisition of San Juans in December 2008 and First National in October 2009. Occupancy and equipment expense increased $2 million, or 8 percent, over 2008 reflecting the cost of additional locations and facility upgrades in 2009. Advertising and promotion expense decreased $512 thousand, or 7 percent, from 2008 reflecting the Banks' continuing focus on reducing operating expenses. Outsourced data processing expenses increased $523 thousand, or 21 percent, from 2008 as a result of additional locations and general operating increases. Other expenses increased $18 million, or 61 percent, from 2008. The increase in other expenses includes $7.3 million in FDIC insurance premiums, $5.2 million loss from sales of other real estate owned, $2.7 million expense associated with repossessed assets and $1.4 million in legal and outside firm expense. Of the increase in FDIC insurance premiums, $2.5 million is attributable to the second quarter asset-based special assessment. EFFICIENCY RATIO The efficiency ratio (non-interest expense/net interest income plus non-interest income) of 51 percent for 2009 compared favorably to 52 percent for 2008, excluding non-recurring items. CREDIT QUALITY SUMMARY The following table summarizes the Company's credit quality: December 31, ------------------ (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 - ---------------------- -------- ------- Allowance for loan and lease losses at beginning of year $ 76,739 $54,413 Provision 124,618 28,480 Acquisition -- 2,625 Charge-offs (60,896) (9,839) Recoveries 2,466 1,060 -------- ------- Allowance for loan and lease losses at end of year 142,927 76,739 Real estate and other assets owned 57,320 11,539 Accruing loans 90 days or more overdue 5,537 8,613 Non-accrual loans 198,281 64,301 -------- ------- Total non-performing assets 261,138 84,453 Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of non-performing assets 55% 91% Non-performing assets as a percentage of total bank assets 4.13% 1.46% Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of total loans 3.46% 1.86% Net charge-offs as a percentage of loans 1.415% 0.213% Accruing loans 30-89 days or more overdue $ 87,491 $54,787 At December 31, 2009, the ALLL was $142.9 million, an increase of $66 million, or 86 percent, from a year ago. The allowance was 3.46 percent of total loans outstanding at December 31, 2009, up from 1.86 percent at December 31, 2008. The allowance was 55 percent of non-performing assets at December 31, 2009, down from 91 percent a year ago. Non-performing assets as a percentage of total bank assets at December 31, 2009 were at 4.13 percent, up from 1.46 percent at December 31, 2008. Loan portfolio growth, composition, average loan size, credit quality considerations, and other environmental factors will continue to determine the level of additional provision expense. Non-performing assets as a percentage of the Banks' assets at December 31, 2009 were 4.13 percent, up from 1.46 percent at December 31, 2008. Most of the Company's non-performing assets are secured by real estate. Based on the most current information available, including updated appraisals where appropriate, the Company believes the value of the underlying real estate collateral is adequate to minimize additional charge-offs or loss to the Company. For collateral dependent loans, impairment is measured by the fair value of the collateral less cost to sell. 44
PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES The provision for loan losses expense was $125 million for 2009, an increase of $96 million, or 338 percent, from 2008. Net charged-off loans for the year were $58 million compared to $9 million for the prior year. For the year, the provision covered net charge-offs 2.1 times. For additional information regarding the loan portfolio, credit quality, the ALLL and lending practices, see lending activity in "Item 1 - Business". MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF OPERATIONS YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2008 COMPARED TO DECEMBER 31, 2007 The following table summarizes revenue for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, including the amount and percentage change during 2008: REVENUE SUMMARY Years ended December 31, ------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2008 2007 $ Change % Change - ---------------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Net interest income Interest income $302,985 $304,760 $ (1,775) -1% Interest expense 90,372 121,291 (30,919) -25% ------- -------- -------- Total net interest income 212,613 183,469 29,144 16% Non-interest income: Service charges, loan fees, and other fees 47,506 45,486 2,020 4% Gain on sale of loans 14,849 13,283 1,566 12% Loss on investments (7,345) (8) (7,337) 91713% Other income 6,024 6,057 (33) -1% -------- -------- -------- Total non-interest income 61,034 64,818 (3,784) -6% -------- -------- -------- $273,647 $248,287 $ 25,360 10% ======== ======== ======== Net interest margin (tax-equivalent) 4.70% 4.50% ======== ======== NET INTEREST INCOME Net interest income for 2008 increased $29 million, or 16 percent, over the same period in 2007. Total interest income decreased $1.8 million, or 1 percent, for 2008, while total interest expense decreased $31 million, or 25 percent, over the same period in 2007. The decrease in interest expense was primarily attributable to the rate decreases on interest bearing deposits and lower cost borrowings. The net interest margin as a percentage of earning assets, on a tax-equivalent basis, was 4.70 percent, an increase of 20 basis points from the 4.50 percent for the same period in 2007. NON-INTEREST INCOME Total non-interest income decreased $4 million, or 6 percent in 2008. Excluding the 2008 nonrecurring items, consisting of the $7.6 million charge for other-than-temporary impairment on the Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae securities, the $1.7 million gain from the sale and relocation of Mountain West's branch in Ketchum, Idaho, the first quarter $248 thousand combined gain from the sale of Principal Financial Group stock and mandatory redemption of a portion of Visa, Inc. shares, and also excluding the prior year nonrecurring $1.6 million gain from the first quarter sale of Western's Lewistown, Montana branch, non-interest income for 2008 increased $3.5 million from the same period in 2007. Fee income increased $2 million, or 4 percent, over last year, driven primarily by an increased number of loan and deposit accounts, as well as additional products and service offerings. Gain on sale of loans increased $2 million, or 12 percent, from last year. 45
The following table summarizes non-interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, including the amount and percentage change during 2008: NON-INTEREST EXPENSE SUMMARY Years ended December 31, ------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2008 2007 $ Change % Change - ---------------------- -------- -------- -------- -------- Compensation and employee benefits and related expense $ 82,027 $ 79,070 $ 2,957 4% Occupancy and equipment expense 21,674 19,152 2,522 13% Advertising and promotions 6,989 6,306 683 11% Outsourced data processing 2,508 2,755 (247) -9% Core deposit intangibles amortization 3,051 3,202 (151) -5% Other expenses 29,660 27,432 2,228 8% -------- -------- -------- Total non-interest expense $145,909 $137,917 $ 7,992 6% ======== ======== ======== NON-INTEREST EXPENSE Non-interest expense increased in 2008 by $8 million, or 6 percent, compared to 2007. Included in 2007 is approximately $500,000 of non-recurring expenses and costs, including overtime, associated with the January 2007 merger of three of the five CDC subsidiaries into the Company's subsidiaries, and related operating system conversions. Compensation and employee benefit expense increased $3 million, or 4 percent, from 2007, such increase attributable to the increase in full-time equivalent employees from 1,480 to 1,571 in 2008. Occupancy and equipment expense increased $3 million, or 13 percent, while other expenses increased $2 million, or 8 percent, since December 31, 2007, reflecting the addition of San Juans in December, cost of additional locations and facility upgrades. Advertising and promotion expense increased $683 thousand, or 11 percent, from 2007, due primarily to branch promotions and the Banks continuing focus on attracting and retaining non-interest bearing and other low cost deposits. CREDIT QUALITY SUMMARY December 31, ----------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2008 2007 - ---------------------------------------------------------- ------- ------- Allowance for loan and lease losses at beginning of year $54,413 $49,259 Provision 28,480 6,680 Acquisition 2,625 639 Charge-offs (9,839) (3,387) Recoveries 1,060 1,222 ------- ------- Allowance for loan and lease losses at end of year 76,739 54,413 Real estate and other assets owned 11,539 2,043 Accruing loans 90 days or more overdue 8,613 2,685 Non-accrual loans 64,301 8,560 ------- ------- Total non-performing assets 84,453 13,288 Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of non-performing assets 91% 409% Non-performing assets as a percentage of total bank assets 1.46% 0.27% Allowance for loan and lease losses as a percentage of total loans 1.86% 1.51% Net charge-offs as a percentage of loans 0.213% 0.060% Accruing loans 30-89 days or more overdue $54,787 $45,490 Non-performing assets as a percentage of the Banks' assets at December 31, 2008 were 1.46 percent, up from .27 percent at December 31, 2007. Most of the Company's non-performing assets are secured by real estate. Based on the most current information available to management, including updated appraisals where appropriate, the Company believes the value of the underlying real estate collateral is adequate to minimize significant charge-offs or loss to the Company. For collateral dependent loans, impairment is measured by the fair value of the collateral less cost to sell. 46
The allowance was 1.86 percent of total loans outstanding at December 31, 2008, up from 1.51 percent at December 31, 2007. The allowance was 91 percent of non-performing assets at December 31, 2008, down from 409 percent for 2007. PROVISION FOR LOAN LOSSES At December 31, 2008, the ALLL was $76.739 million, an increase of $22 million, or 41 percent, from a year ago. The provision for loan losses expense was $28.5 million for 2008, an increase of $21.8 million, or 326 percent, from 2007. Net charged-off loans for the year were $8.779 million, compared to $2.165 million of net charged-off loans during 2007. Loan portfolio growth, composition, average loan size, credit quality considerations, and other environmental factors will determine the level of additional provision expense. ADDITIONAL MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS EFFECT OF INFLATION AND CHANGING PRICES Generally accepted accounting principles require the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars, without consideration for change in relative purchasing power over time due to inflation. Virtually all assets of a financial institution are monetary in nature; therefore, interest rates generally have a more significant impact on a company's performance than does the effect of inflation. COMMITMENTS In the normal course of business, there are various outstanding commitments to extend credit, such as letter of credits and un-advanced loan commitments, and lease obligation commitments, which are not reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. Management does not anticipate any material losses as a result of these transactions. The Company has outstanding debt maturities, the largest of which are FRB and FHLB advances. For the maturity schedule of advances and schedule of future minimum lease payments see Notes 8 and 19, respectively, to the Consolidated Financial Statements in "Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data." The following table represents the Company's contractual obligations as of December 31, 2009: Payments Due by Period ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Indeterminate (Dollars in thousands) TOTAL Maturity (1) 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Thereafter - ------------------------------ ---------- ------------- --------- ------- ------- ------ ------ ---------- Deposits ..................... $4,100,152 2,792,268 1,091,380 141,277 47,284 11,063 16,592 288 FHLB advances ................ 790,367 -- 586,057 207 82,000 -- -- 122,103 Repurchase agreements ........ 212,506 -- 212,506 -- -- -- -- -- FRB discount window .......... 225,000 -- 225,000 -- -- -- -- -- Subordinated debentures ...... 124,988 -- -- -- -- -- -- 124,988 Other borrowings ............. 11,708 -- 10,137 -- -- -- -- 1,571 Capital lease obligations .... 3,116 -- 231 233 235 238 838 1,341 Operating lease obligations .. 20,837 -- 2,912 2,621 2,130 1,902 1,739 9,533 ---------- --------- --------- ------- ------- ------ ------ ------- $5,488,674 2,792,268 2,128,223 144,338 131,649 13,203 19,169 259,824 ========== ========= ========= ======= ======= ====== ====== ======= (1) Represents interest and non-interest bearing checking, money market and savings. MARKET RISK Market risk is the risk of loss in a financial instrument arising from adverse changes in market rates/prices such as interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, commodity prices, and equity prices. The Company's primary market risk exposure is interest rate risk. The ongoing monitoring and management of this risk is an important component of the Company's asset/liability management process which is governed by policies established by its Board of Directors that are reviewed and approved annually. The Board of Directors delegates responsibility for carrying out the asset/liability management policies to the Asset/Liability Committee ("ALCO"). In this capacity, ALCO develops guidelines and strategies impacting the Company's asset/liability management related activities based upon estimated market risk sensitivity, policy limits and overall market interest rate levels/trends. 47
INTEREST RATE RISK The objective of interest rate risk management is to contain the risks associated with interest rate fluctuations. The process involves identification and management of the sensitivity of net interest income to changing interest rates. Managing interest rate risk is not an exact science. The interval between repricing of interest rates of assets and liabilities changes from day to day as the assets and liabilities change. For some assets and liabilities, contractual maturity and the actual cash flows experienced are not the same. A good example is residential mortgages that have long term contractual maturities but may be repaid well in advance of the maturity when current prevailing interest rates become lower than the contractual rate. Interest-bearing deposits without a stated maturity could be withdrawn after seven days. However, the Banks' experience indicates that these funding pools have a much longer duration and are not as sensitive to interest rate changes as other financial instruments. Prime based loans generally have rate changes when the FRB changes short term interest rates. However, depending on the magnitude of the rate change and the relationship of the current rates to rate floors and rate ceilings that may be in place on the loans, the loan rate may not change. GAP ANALYSIS The following table gives a description of our GAP position for various time periods. As of December 31, 2009, the Company had a negative GAP position at six months and a negative GAP position at twelve months. The cumulative GAP as a percentage of total assets for six months is a negative 14.05 percent which compares to a negative 14.07 percent at December 31, 2008 and a negative 8.67 percent at December 31, 2007. The table also shows the GAP earnings sensitivity, and earnings sensitivity ratio, along with a brief description as to how they are calculated. The methodology used to compile this GAP information is based on the Company's mix of assets and liabilities and the historical experience accumulated regarding their rate sensitivity. Projected Maturity or Repricing --------------------------------------------------------- 0-6 6-12 1 - 5 More than (Dollars in thousands) Months Months Years 5 Years Total - --------------------------------------------------- ---------- -------- --------- --------- --------- ASSETS: Interest bearing deposits and federal funds sold .......................... $ 89,844 -- -- -- 89,844 Investment securities .......................... 36,205 17,125 186,836 248,609 488,775 Residential mortgage-backed securities ......... 200,555 135,221 551,861 67,405 955,042 FHLB stock and FRB stock ....................... -- -- 49,048 13,529 62,577 Variable rate loans ............................ 1,217,707 218,991 1,006,279 128,070 2,571,047 Fixed rate loans ............................... 426,542 261,915 652,169 229,032 1,569,658 ---------- -------- --------- --------- --------- TOTAL INTEREST BEARING ASSETS ..................... $1,970,853 633,252 2,446,193 686,645 5,736,943 ========== ======== ========= ========= ========= LIABILITIES: Interest bearing deposits ...................... 1,744,861 305,073 223,549 1,016,119 3,289,602 FHLB advances .................................. 585,420 874 82,615 121,458 790,367 FRB discount window ............................ 225,000 -- -- -- 225,000 Repurchase agreements and other borrowed funds .............................. 221,731 2,468 221 1,831 226,251 Subordinated debentures ........................ -- -- -- 124,988 124,988 ---------- -------- --------- --------- --------- TOTAL INTEREST BEARING LIABILITIES ................ $2,777,012 308,415 306,385 1,264,396 4,656,208 ========== ======== ========= ========= ========= Repricing gap ..................................... $ (806,159) 324,837 2,139,808 (577,751) 1,080,735 Cumulative repricing gap .......................... $ (806,159) (481,322) 1,658,486 1,080,735 Cumulative gap as a % of interest bearing assets .. -14.05% -8.39% 28.91% 18.84% Gap earnings sensitivity (1) ...................... (2,927) Gap earnings sensitivity ratio (2) ................ -8.52% (1) Gap Earnings Sensitivity is the estimated effect on earnings, after taxes of 39.19 percent, of a 1 percent increase or decrease in interest rates (1 percent of ($481,322 - $188,630)) (2) Gap Earnings Sensitivity Ratio is Gap Earnings Sensitivity divided by the 2009 net earnings of $34,374. A 1 percent increase in interest rates has this estimated percentage decrease on annual net earnings. 48
This table estimates the repricing and maturities of the contractual characteristics of the assets and liabilities, based upon the Company's assessment of the repricing characteristics of the various instruments. Interest-bearing checking and regular savings are included in the categories that reflect the interest rate sensitivity of the individual programs and if the deposits are not clearly rate sensitive, the deposits are included in the more than 5 years category. Money market balances are included in the less than 3 months category. Residential mortgage-backed securities are categorized based on the anticipated payments. NET INTEREST INCOME SIMULATION The traditional one-dimensional view of GAP is not sufficient to show a bank's ability to withstand interest rate changes. Because of limitations in GAP modeling the ALCO of the Company uses a detailed and dynamic simulation model to quantify the estimated exposure of net interest income ("NII") to sustained interest rate changes. While ALCO routinely monitors simulated NII sensitivity over a rolling two-year horizon, it also utilizes additional tools to monitor potential longer-term interest rate risk. The simulation model captures the impact of changing interest rates on the interest income received and interest expense paid on all assets and liabilities reflected on the Company's statement of financial condition. This sensitivity analysis is compared to ALCO policy limits which specify a maximum tolerance level for NII exposure over a one year horizon, assuming no balance sheet growth, given a 200 basis point (bp) upward and 100bp downward shift in interest rates. A parallel and pro rata shift in rates over a 12-month period is assumed as a benchmark. Other non-parallel rate movement scenarios are also modeled to determine the potential impact on net interest income. The following reflects the Company's NII sensitivity analysis as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 as compared to the 10 percent policy limit approved by the Company's and Banks' Board of Directors. (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 - ---------------------- ------- ------ +200 bp Estimated sensitivity........................ -3.0% -4.6% Estimated decrease in net interest income ... $(7,433) (9,950) -100 bp Estimated sensitivity........................ 0.3% 1.1% Estimated increase in net interest income ... $ 613 2,381 The preceding sensitivity analysis does not represent a forecast and should not be relied upon as being indicative of expected operating results. These hypothetical estimates are based upon numerous assumptions including: the nature and timing of interest rate levels including yield curve shape, prepayments on loans and securities, deposit decay rates, pricing decisions on loans and deposits, reinvestment/replacement of assets and liability cash flows, and others. While assumptions are developed based upon current economic and local market conditions, the Company cannot make any assurances as to the predictive nature of these assumptions including how customer preferences or competitor influences might change. Also, as market conditions vary from those assumed in the sensitivity analysis, actual results will also differ due to prepayment/refinancing levels likely deviating from those assumed, the varying impact of interest rate change caps or floors on adjustable rate assets, the potential effect of changing debt service levels on customers with adjustable rate loans, depositor early withdrawals and product preference changes, and other internal/external variables. Furthermore, the sensitivity analysis does not reflect actions that ALCO might take in responding to or anticipating changes in interest rates. LIQUIDITY RISK Liquidity risk is the possibility that the Company will not be able to fund present and future obligations. The objective of liquidity management is to maintain cash flows adequate to meet current and future needs for credit demand, deposit withdrawals, maturing liabilities and corporate operating expenses. The Banks' source of funds is generated by deposits, principal and interest payments on loans, sale of loans and securities, short and long-term borrowings, and net earnings. In addition, all of the Banks are members of FHLB. As of December 31, 2009, the Banks had $1.135 billion of available FHLB credit of which $790 million was utilized. The Banks may also borrow funds through the FRB and from the U.S. Treasury Tax and Loan program of which the Banks have remaining borrowing availability of $564 million and $9 million, respectively. Management of the Company has a wide range of versatility in managing the liquidity and asset/liability mix for each bank subsidiary as well as the Company as a whole. 49
CAPITAL RESOURCES AND ADEQUACY Maintaining capital strength continues to be a long term objective. Abundant capital is necessary to sustain growth, provide protection against unanticipated declines in asset values, and to safeguard the funds of depositors. Capital also is a source of funds for loan demand and enables the Company to effectively manage its assets and liabilities. Stockholders' equity increased $9 million during 2009, or 1 percent, the net result of earnings of $34 million, common stock issued for the acquisition of First National, stock options exercised, less cash dividend payments and a decrease in net unrealized losses on available-for-sale investment securities. The FRB has adopted capital adequacy guidelines pursuant to which it assesses the adequacy of capital in supervising a bank holding company. The following table illustrates the FRB capital adequacy guidelines and the Company's compliance with those guidelines as of December 31, 2009. Tier 1 CONSOLIDATED (Core) Total Leverage (Dollars in thousands) Capital Capital Capital - --------------------------------------------- ---------- --------- --------- Total stockholder's equity .................. $ 685,890 685,890 685,890 Less: Goodwill and intangibles .............. (153,858) (153,858) (153,858) Plus: Allowance for loan and lease losses ... -- 59,618 -- Accumulated other comprehensive unrealized loss on AFS securities ..... 348 348 348 Subordinated debentures .................. 124,500 124,500 124,500 ---------- --------- --------- Regulatory capital .......................... $ 656,880 716,498 656,880 ========== ========= ========= Risk weighted assets ........................ $4,685,967 4,685,967 ========== ========= Total adjusted average assets ............... $5,862,954 ========= Regulatory capital as a % of assets ......... 14.02% 15.29% 11.20% ========= Regulatory "well capitalized" requirement ... 6.00% 10.00% ---------- --------- Excess over "well capitalized" requirement .. 8.02% 5.29% ========== ========= For additional information, see Note 11 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in "Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data." Dividend payments were $0.52 per share for 2009 and 2008. The payment of dividends is subject to government regulation in that regulatory authorities may prohibit banks and bank holding companies from paying dividends that would constitute an unsafe or unsound banking practice. Additionally, current guidance from the Federal Reserve provides, among other things, that dividends per share on the Company's common stock generally should not exceed earnings per share, measured over the previous four fiscal quarters. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America often requires management to use significant judgments as well as subjective and/or complex measurements in making estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses. The Company considers its accounting policy for the ALLL and determination of whether an investment security is temporarily or other-than-temporarily impaired to be critical accounting policies. ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN AND LEASE LOSSES ACCOUNTING POLICY AND ANALYSIS The Banks' charge-off policy is consistent with bank regulatory standards. Consumer loans generally are charged off when the loan becomes over 120 days delinquent. Real estate acquired as a result of foreclosure or by deed-in-lieu of foreclosure is classified as real estate owned until such time as it is sold. When such property is acquired, it is recorded at estimated fair value, less estimated cost to sell. Any write-down at the time of recording real estate owned is charged to the ALLL. Subsequent write-downs, if any, are charged to current expense. The balance of the ALLL is an estimate of probable credit losses that have occurred in the loan and lease portfolio as of the date of the consolidated financial statements before losses have been confirmed. The balance of the ALLL is highly dependent upon management's internal risk classifications, evaluations of borrowers' current and prospective performance, appraisals and other variables affecting the quality of the loan and lease portfolio. Changes in management's estimates and assumptions are reasonably possible and may have a material impact upon the Company's consolidated financial statements, results of operations or liquidity. 50
It is the Company's policy to provide an ALLL for estimated losses on loans and leases based upon past loss experience, adjusted for changes in trends and conditions of certain items, including: - Adverse situations that may affect specific borrowers' ability to repay; - Current collateral values, where appropriate; - Delinquencies and non-performing loans; - Amount and timing of future cash flows expected on impaired loans; - Criticized and classified loans; - Credit concentrations by credit type, industry, geography; - Recoveries and dispositions of balances previously charge-off; - Volume and terms of loans; - Loan size and complexity; - Competition and bank size; - Local market areas and national economic conditions; - Effects of changes in lending policies and procedures; - Experience, ability, and depth of lending management and credit administration staff; and - Effects of legal and regulatory developments. Individually significant loans and major lending areas are reviewed periodically to determine potential problems at an early date. The ALLL is increased by charges to earnings and decreased by charge-offs (net of recoveries). For additional information regarding the ALLL, its relation to the provision for loan losses and risk related to asset quality, see Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in "Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data." OTHER-THAN-TEMPORARY IMPAIRMENT ON SECURITIES ACCOUNTING POLICY AND ANALYSIS The Company views the determination of whether an investment security is temporarily or other-than-temporarily impaired as a critical accounting policy, as the estimate is susceptible to significant change from period to period because it requires management to make significant judgments, assumptions and estimates in the preparation of its consolidated financial statements. The Company assesses individual securities in its investment securities portfolio for impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant. An investment is impaired if the fair value of the security is less than its carrying value at the financial statement date. If impairment is determined to be other-than-temporary, an impairment loss is recognized by reducing the amortized cost for the credit loss portion of the impairment with a corresponding charge to earnings. Management considers whether an investment security is other-than-temporarily impaired under the guidance promulgated in FASB ASC Topic 320, Investments - Debt and Equity Securities. The Company adopted the amendment relating to the recognition and presentation of other-than-temporary impairments effective for the interim period ending June 30, 2009 and determined there was not a material effect on the Company's financial position or results of operations. For further information regarding the new standards, see discussion in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Impact of Recently Issued Standards". The Company believes that macroeconomic conditions occurring in 2009 and 2008 have unfavorably impacted the fair value of certain debt securities in its investment portfolio. For debt securities with limited or inactive markets, the impact of these macroeconomic conditions upon fair value estimates includes higher risk-adjusted discount rates and downgrades in credit ratings provided by nationally recognized credit rating agencies, (e.g., Moody's, S&P, Fitch, and DBRS). 51
In evaluating equity securities for other-than-temporary impairment losses, management assesses the Company's ability and intent to retain the equity securities for a period of time sufficient to allow for anticipated recovery in fair value. Equity securities owned at December 31, 2009 primarily consisted of stock issued by the Federal Home Loan Bank and the Federal Reserve Bank, such shares measured at cost for fair value purposes in recognition of the transferability restrictions imposed by the issuers. In addition, the Company owns 150,000 shares of Series O preferred stock issued by Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("Freddie Mac") and 1,200 shares of common stock issued by the Federal National Mortgage Association ("Fannie Mae"). The Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae stock had a cost basis of $0 at year end due to the recognition of an other-than-temporary impairment charge against earnings at September 30, 2008 for the entire amount of the Company's investment therein. Hence, none of the equity securities were impaired as of December 31, 2009. In evaluating debt securities for other-than-temporary impairment, management assesses whether the Company intends to sell or if it is more likely-than-not that it will be required to sell impaired debt securities. In so doing, management considers contractual constraints, liquidity, capital, asset / liability management and securities portfolio objectives. During the first half of 2009, the Company sold no investment securities as the Company continued its historical approach to managing the investment portfolio, i.e., to "buy and hold" securities to maturity, although such securities may be sold given that all of the securities held in the investment portfolio are designated as "available-for-sale." Such sales were executed with the proceeds used to buy additional investment securities such that the investment portfolio performs well across varying interest rate environments. During the second half of 2009, the Company sold 59 securities of which 53 were tax-exempt state and local obligations, 7 of which were each sold at a gross realized loss of $1,118,000 and 46 of which were each sold at a gross realized gain of $3,921,000, a net realized gain of $2,804,000. Of the 59 securities sold in the second half of 2009, 6 were residential mortgage-backed securities, with such securities sold at a gross realized gain aggregating $3,191,000. Of the securities sold at a realized loss, none had previously been subject to an other-than-temporary impairment charge, and none were subject to an expectation or requirement to sell. In 2008, the Company sold only 1 security at neither gain nor loss for proceeds of $97,002,000. Such security was acquired and held for 7 days as collateral to support a borrowing at the U.S Treasury Tax and Loan program. Sales of securities in 2007 occurred with respect to entire investment portfolios of acquired banks following mergers into the Company's existing bank subsidiaries. Such sales occurred in recognition that the acquired portfolios of investments were not consistent with the Company's Investment Policy and Asset Liability Management Policy. With respect to its impaired debt securities at December 31, 2009, management determined that it does not intend to sell and that there is no expected requirement to sell any of its impaired debt securities. For fair value estimates provided by third party vendors, management also considered the models and methodology, for appropriate consideration of both observable and unobservable inputs, including appropriately adjusted discount rates and credit spreads for securities with limited or inactive markets, and whether the quoted prices reflect orderly transactions. For certain securities, the Company obtained independent estimates of inputs, including cash flows, in supplement to third party vendor provided information. The Company also reviewed financial statements of select issuers, with follow up discussions with issuers' management for clarification and verification of information relevant to the Company's impairment analysis. As of December 31, 2009, there were 273 investments in an unrealized loss position and were considered to be temporarily impaired and therefore an impairment charge has not been recorded. All of such temporarily impaired investments are debt securities. Residential mortgage-backed securities have the largest unrealized loss. The fair value of these securities, which have underlying collateral consisting of U.S. government sponsored enterprise guaranteed mortgages and non-guaranteed private label whole loan mortgages, were $505,976,000 at December 31, 2009 of which $454,516,000 was purchased during 2009, the remainder of which had a fair market value of $73,624,000 at December 31, 2008. For the securities purchased in 2009 there has been an unrealized loss of $3,607,000 since purchase. Of the remaining residential mortgage-backed securities in a loss position the unrealized loss increased from 8.3 percent of fair value at December 31, 2008 to 24.4 percent of fair value at December 31, 2009. The fair value of Collateralized Debt Obligation securities in an unrealized loss position is $6,789,000 with unrealized losses of $7,899,000 or 116 percent of fair value at December 31, 2009; such investments had an unrealized gain position at December 31, 2008. The fair value of State and Local Government securities were $92,139,000 at December 31, 2009 of which $42,703,000 was purchased during 2009, the remainder of which had a fair market value of $47,907,000 at December 31, 2008. For the securities purchased in 2009 there has been an unrealized loss of $1,212,000 since purchase. Of the remaining State and Local Government securities in a loss position the unrealized loss decreased from 10.1 percent of fair value at December 31, 2008 to 3.3 percent of fair value at December 31, 2009. 52
With respect to the CDO securities, the fair value decline is primarily attributable to a single CDO structure that is a pooled trust preferred security of which the Company owns a portion of only the Senior Notes tranche. All of the assets underlying such CDO structure are capital securities issued by trust subsidiaries of holding companies of banks and thrifts. As of December 31, 2009, the Senior Notes are rated "A3" by Moody's and is rated "A" by Fitch, and 6 of the 26 trust subsidiaries have elected to defer the interest on their respective obligations underlying the CDO structure. As of the end of the prior three quarters of 2009, only 3 of the 26 trust subsidiaries were deferring interest on their respective obligations. In accordance with the prospectus for the CDO structure, the priority of payments favors holders of the Senior Notes over holders of the Mezzanine Notes and Income Notes. Though the maturity of the CDO structure is June 15, 2031, 15.22% of the outstanding principle of the Senior Notes has been prepaid through year end 2009. More specifically, at any time the Senior Notes are outstanding, if either the Senior Principle or Senior Interest Coverage Tests (the "Senior Coverage Tests") are not satisfied as of a calculation date, then funds that would have otherwise been used to make payments on the Mezzanine Notes or Income Notes shall instead be applied as principle prepayments on the Senior Notes. As of December 31, 2009, the Senior Principle Coverage Test was below its threshold level, while the Senior Interest Coverage Test exceeded its threshold level. The Senior Coverage Tests exceeded the threshold levels for each of the prior quarters of 2009 and 2008. In its assessment of the Senior Note for potential other-than-temporary impairment, the Company evaluated the underlying issuers and engaged a third party vendor to stress test the performance of the underlying capital securities and related obligors. Such stress testing has been performed as of December 31, 2009 and as of the end of each of the prior four quarters, i.e., September 30, June 30 and March 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008. In each instance of stress testing, the results reflect no credit loss for the Senior Notes. In evaluating such results, the Company reviewed with the third party vendor the stress test assumptions and concurred with the analyses in concluding that the impairment at December 31, 2009 and prior quarters of 2009 was temporary, and not other-than-temporary. The Company stratified the 273 debt securities for both severity and duration of impairment. With respect to severity, the following table provides the number of securities and amount of unrealized loss in the various ranges of unrealized loss as a percent of book value. (Dollars in Unrealized Number of thousands) Loss Bonds - ------------------ ---------- --------- Greater than 40.0% $ 7,859 6 30.1% to 40.0% 1,370 1 20.1% to 30.0% 7,160 5 15.1% to 20.0% 4,180 10 10.1% to 15.0% 125 3 5.1% to 10.0% 705 14 0.1% to 5.0% 5,479 234 ------- --- Total $26,878 273 ======= === With respect to the duration of the impaired securities, the Company identified 39 securities which have been continuously impaired for the 12 months ending December 31, 2009. The valuation history of such securities in the prior year(s) was also reviewed to determine the number of months in prior year(s) in which the identified securities was in an unrealized loss position. 13 of these 39 securities are non-guaranteed, non-Agency CMOs with an aggregate unrealized loss of $12,291,000, the most notable of which had an unrealized loss of $1,536,000. 17 of the 39 securities are state and local tax-exempt securities with an unrealized loss of $985,000, the most notable of which had an unrealized loss of $233,000. 8 of the 39 securities are residential mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government sponsored agencies, i.e., GNMA, FNMA, FHLMC and SBA, the aggregate unrealized loss of which was $6,000. Included in the 273 debt securities with impairment at December 31, 2009 are 13 non-guaranteed, non-Agency issued CMOs tranches. 6 of the 13 CMOs tranches are collateralized by 30 year fixed residential mortgages considered to be "Prime," and 7 are collateralized by 30 year fixed residential mortgages considered to be "ALT - A." Moreover, none of the underlying mortgage collateral is considered "subprime". 53
For impaired debt securities for which there was no intent or expected requirement to sell, management considers available evidence to assess whether it is more likely-than-not that all amounts due would not be collected. In such assessment, management considers the severity and duration of the impairment, the credit ratings of the security, the overall deal and payment structure, including the Company's position within the structure, underlying obligors, financial condition and near term prospects of the issuer, delinquencies, defaults, loss severities, recoveries, prepayments, cumulative loss projections, discounted cash flows and fair value estimates. Based on the analysis of its impaired securities as of December 31, 2009, the Company determined that none of such securities had other-than-temporary impairment. GOODWILL IMPAIRMENT As required by FASB ASC Topic 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other, the Company tests goodwill and other intangible assets for impairment at the reporting unit level annually during the third quarter. The reporting unit level at which goodwill exists is at ten of the eleven bank subsidiaries. In addition, goodwill and other intangible assets of a subsidiary are tested for impairment between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more-likely-than not reduce the fair value of a reporting units below its carrying amount. Examples of events and circumstances that could trigger the need for interim impairment testing include: - A significant change in legal factors or in the business climate; - An adverse action or assessment by a regulator; - Unanticipated competition; - A loss of key personnel; - A more-likely-than-not expectation that a reporting unit or a significant portion of a reporting unit will be sold or otherwise disposed of; and - The testing for recoverability of a significant asset group within a reporting unit. The goodwill impairment test is a two-step process which requires the Company to make assumptions and judgments regarding fair value. In the first step for evaluating for possible impairment, the Company compares the estimated fair value of its reporting units to the carrying value, which includes goodwill. If the estimated fair value is less than the carrying value, the second step is completed to compute the impairment amount by determining the "implied fair value" of goodwill. This determination requires the allocation of the estimated fair value of the reporting units to the assets and liabilities of the reporting units. Any remaining unallocated fair value represents the "implied fair value" of goodwill, which is compared to the corresponding carrying value of goodwill to compute impairment amount, if any. As a result of the economic downturn and the decline in the Company's stock price during 2009, the Company has tested for possible goodwill impairment on a quarterly basis. For the first step in evaluating goodwill for possible impairment, the Company performs two analyses. The first analysis estimates fair value based on market multiples of deal price to equity, deal price to tangible equity, and deal price to last twelve months earnings. The deal price multiples are obtained from an independent third party for acquisitions of financial institutions completed within the prior twelve months preceding each testing date, such acquisitions excluding financial institutions whose size and operations are not comparable to the Company and its bank subsidiaries. As an additional analysis, the Company also tests for goodwill impairment based on the Company's market capitalization adjusted for control value. In evaluating the range of appropriate control values, the control values have ranged from twenty percent to thirty-five percent, such values taking into account recent trends in market capitalization in advance of the date at which the Company is testing for potential goodwill impairment. Based on the interim and annual testing results, the Company has determined that the fair value of each reporting unit exceeded its carrying value, such that the Company's goodwill was not considered impaired during 2009. However, further adverse changes in the economic environment, operations of the reporting units, or other factors could result in a decline in the fair value of the reporting units which could result in goodwill impairment. For additional information on goodwill see Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in "Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data." FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, requires the Company to disclose information relating to fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. FASB established a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value: 54
Level 1 Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities Level 2 Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities Level 3 Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities In April 2009, FASB issued an amendment to ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, relating to determining fair value when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly decreased and identifying transactions that are not orderly. The Company adopted the amendment effective for the interim period ending June 30, 2009 and determined there was not a material effect on the Company's financial position or results of operations. For further information regarding the new standard, see discussion in "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Impact of Recently Issued Standards." On a recurring basis, the Company measures investment securities at fair value. The fair value of such investments is estimated by obtaining quoted market prices for identical assets, where available. If such prices are not available, fair value is based on independent asset pricing services and models, the inputs of which are market-based or independently sourced market parameters, including, but not limited to, yield curves, interest rates, volatilities, prepayments, defaults, cumulative loss projections, and cash flows. For those securities where greater reliance on unobservable inputs occurs, such securities are classified as Level 3 within the hierarchy. In performing due diligence reviews of the independent asset pricing services and models for investment securities, the Company reviewed the vendors' inputs for fair value estimates and the recommended assignments of levels within the fair value hierarchy. The Company's review included the extent to which markets for investment securities were determined to have limited or no activity, or was judged to be an active market. The Company reviewed the extent to which observable and unobservable inputs were used as well as the appropriateness of the underlying assumptions about risk that a market participant would use in active markets, with adjustments for limited or inactive markets. In considering the inputs to the fair value estimates, the Company placed less reliance on quotes that were judged to not reflect orderly transactions, or were non-binding indications. The Company made independent inquires of other knowledgeable parties in testing the reliability of the inputs, including consideration for illiquidity, credit risk, and cash flow estimates. In assessing credit risk, the Company reviewed payment performance, collateral adequacy, credit rating histories, and issuers' financial statements with follow-up discussion with issuers. For those markets determined to be inactive, the valuation techniques used were models for which management verified that discount rates were appropriately adjusted to reflect illiquidity and credit risk. The Company independently obtained cash flow estimates that were stressed at levels that exceeded those used by independent third party pricing vendors. Based on the Company's due diligence review, investment securities are placed in the appropriate hierarchy levels with adjustment to vendors' recommendations made as necessary. Most notably, the Company determined that its collateralized debt obligation securities, i.e., trust preferred securities, were illiquid due to inactive markets (i.e., due to the absence of trade volume during 2008 and 2009), the fair values of which had significant reliance on unobservable inputs, and therefore were classified as Level 3 within the hierarchy. On a non-recurring basis, the Company measures real estate and other assets owned and impaired loans at fair value. Real estate and other assets owned is carried at the lower of cost or estimated fair value, less estimated cost to sell. Estimated fair value of real estate and other assets owned is based on appraisals. The Company reviews the appraisals, giving consideration to the highest and best use of the collateral. The appraised values are reduced by discounts to consider lack of marketability and estimated cost to sell. Real estate and other assets owned are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Allowable methods for estimating fair value of impaired loans include using the fair value of the collateral for collateral dependent loans or, where a loan is determined not to be collateral dependent, using the discounted cash flow method. Impaired loans are primarily collateral-dependent and the estimated fair value is based on the appraised fair value of the collateral, less estimated cost to sell. The Company reviews the appraisals, giving consideration to the highest and best use of the collateral. The appraised values are reduced by discounts to consider lack of marketability and estimated cost to sell. Impaired loans are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. In addition to measuring certain financial assets and liabilities on a recurring or non-recurring basis, the Company discloses estimated fair value on financial assets and liabilities. The following is a description of the methods and inputs used to estimate the fair value of other financial instruments recognized at amounts other than fair value. 55
The fair value for unimpaired loans, net of ALLL, is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the rates at which similar notes would be originated for the same remaining maturities. The market rates used are based on current rates the Banks would impose for similar loans and reflect a market participant assumption about risks associated with non-performance, illiquidity, and the structure and term of the loans along with local economic and market conditions. The fair value of term deposits is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using rates of similar deposits with similar maturities. The market rates used were obtained from a knowledgeable independent third party and reviewed by the Company. The rates were the average of current rates offered by local competitors of the Banks. The estimated fair value of demand, NOW, savings, and money market deposits is the book value since rates are regularly adjusted to market rates. The fair value of the non-callable FHLB advances is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using rates of similar advances with similar maturities. These rates were obtained from current rates offered by FHLB. The estimated fair value of callable FHLB advances was obtained from FHLB and the model was reviewed by the Company through discussions with FHLB. The fair value of FRB borrowings is estimated based on borrowing rates currently available to the Company for FRB borrowings with similar terms and maturities. The current outstanding borrowings are short term and current rates offered by FRB equal the rates on the outstanding borrowings, resulting in the estimated fair value being the same as the book value. The fair value of term repurchase agreements is estimated based on current repurchase rates currently available to the Company for repurchases agreements with similar terms and maturities. The market rates used are based on current rates the Banks would incur for similar borrowings. The estimated fair value for overnight repurchase agreements and other borrowings is book value. The fair value of the subordinated debentures is estimated by discounting the estimated future cash flows using current estimated market rates for subordinated debt issuances with similar characteristics. The market rates used were based on an independent third party's judgment and include inputs such as implied yield curves and interest rate spreads. For additional information on fair value measurements see Note 18 and 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in "Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data." IMPACT OF RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING STANDARDS New authoritative accounting guidance that has either been issued during 2009 or is effective during 2009 or 2010 and may possibly have a material impact on the Company includes amendments to: FASB ASC Topic 320, Investments - Debt and Equity Securities, FASB ASC Topic 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other, FASB ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations, FASB ASC Topic 810, Consolidation, FASB ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging, FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, FASB ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments, and FASB ASC Topic 860, Transfers and Servicing. For additional information on the topics and the impact on the Company see Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in "Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data." ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK Information regarding "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk" is set fourth under "Item 7 - Management's Discussion and Analysis". ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA 56
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM Audit Committee, Board of Directors and Stockholders Glacier Bancorp, Inc. Kalispell, Montana We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition of Glacier Bancorp, Inc. as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity and comprehensive income and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2009. The Company's management is responsible for these financial statements. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. Our audits included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Glacier Bancorp, Inc. as December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2009, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the Unites States of America. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Glacier Bancorp, Inc.'s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) and our report dated March 1, 2010, expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting. /s/ BKD, LLP Denver, Colorado March 1, 2010 57
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM Audit Committee, Board of Directors and Stockholders Glacier Bancorp, Inc. Kalispell, Montana We have audited Glacier Bancorp, Inc.'s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Report of Management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of reliable financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention, or timely detection and correction of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 58
In our opinion, Glacier Bancorp, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated financial statements of Glacier Bancorp, Inc. and our report dated March 1, 2010, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. /s/ BKD, LLP Denver, Colorado March 1, 2010 59
GLACIER BANCORP, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION December 31, ---------------------- (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) 2009 2008 - --------------------------------------------- ---------- --------- ASSETS: Cash on hand and in banks ................................................. $ 120,731 125,123 Federal funds sold ........................................................ 87,155 6,480 Interest bearing cash deposits ............................................ 2,689 3,652 ---------- --------- Cash and cash equivalents .............................................. 210,575 135,255 Investment securities, available-for-sale ................................. 1,506,394 990,092 Loans receivable, net of allowance for loan and lease losses of $142,927 and $76,739 at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively ................ 3,920,988 3,998,478 Loans held for sale ....................................................... 66,330 54,976 Premises and equipment, net ............................................... 140,921 133,949 Real estate and other assets owned, net ................................... 57,320 11,539 Accrued interest receivable ............................................... 29,729 28,777 Deferred tax asset ........................................................ 41,082 14,292 Core deposit intangible, net of accumulated amortization of $17,910 and $14,794 at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively ................ 13,937 13,013 Goodwill .................................................................. 146,259 146,752 Other assets .............................................................. 58,260 26,847 ---------- --------- Total assets ........................................................... $6,191,795 5,553,970 ========== ========= LIABILITIES: Non interest bearing deposits ............................................. $ 810,550 747,439 Interest bearing deposits ................................................. 3,289,602 2,515,036 Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank ...................................... 790,367 338,456 Securities sold under agreements to repurchase ............................ 212,506 188,363 Federal Reserve Bank discount window ...................................... 225,000 914,000 Other borrowed funds ...................................................... 13,745 8,368 Accrued interest payable .................................................. 7,928 9,751 Subordinated debentures ................................................... 124,988 121,037 Other liabilities ......................................................... 31,219 34,580 ---------- --------- Total liabilities ...................................................... 5,505,905 4,877,030 ---------- --------- STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY: Preferred shares, $0.01 par value per share. 1,000,000 shares authorized, none issued or outstanding at December 31, 2009 and 2008................ -- -- Common stock, $0.01 par value per share. 117,187,500 and 117,187,500 shares authorized, 61,619,803 and 61,331,273 issued and outstanding at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively ............................ 616 613 Paid in capital ........................................................... 497,493 491,794 Retained earnings - substantially restricted .............................. 188,129 185,776 Accumulated other comprehensive loss ...................................... (348) (1,243) ---------- --------- Total stockholders' equity ............................................. 685,890 676,940 ---------- --------- Total liabilities and stockholders' equity ............................. $6,191,795 5,553,970 ========== ========= See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 60
GLACIER BANCORP, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS Years ended December 31, ---------------------------- (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) 2009 2008 2007 - --------------------------------------------- -------- ------- ------- INTEREST INCOME: Residential real estate loans ............................ $ 54,498 51,166 59,664 Commercial loans ......................................... 151,580 165,119 157,644 Consumer and other loans ................................. 44,844 47,725 48,105 Investment securities and other .......................... 51,572 38,975 39,347 -------- ------- ------- Total interest income ................................. 302,494 302,985 304,760 -------- ------- ------- INTEREST EXPENSE: Deposits ................................................. 38,429 55,012 81,459 Federal Home Loan Bank advances .......................... 7,952 15,355 18,897 Securities sold under agreements to repurchase ........... 2,007 3,823 7,445 Subordinated debentures .................................. 6,818 7,430 7,537 Other borrowed funds ..................................... 1,961 8,752 5,953 -------- ------- ------- Total interest expense ................................ 57,167 90,372 121,291 -------- ------- ------- NET INTEREST INCOME ................................... 245,327 212,613 183,469 Provision for loan losses ................................ 124,618 28,480 6,680 -------- ------- ------- Net interest income after provision for loan losses ... 120,709 184,133 176,789 NON INTEREST INCOME: Service charges and other fees ........................... 40,465 41,550 37,931 Miscellaneous loan fees and charges ...................... 5,406 5,956 7,555 Gain on sale of loans .................................... 26,923 14,849 13,283 Gain (loss) on investments ............................... 5,995 (7,345) (8) Other income ............................................. 7,685 6,024 6,057 -------- ------- ------- Total non interest income ............................. 86,474 61,034 64,818 -------- ------- ------- NON INTEREST EXPENSE: Compensation, employee benefits and related expense ...... 84,965 82,027 79,070 Occupancy and equipment expense .......................... 23,471 21,674 19,152 Advertising and promotions ............................... 6,477 6,989 6,306 Outsourced data processing expense ....................... 3,031 2,508 2,755 Core deposit intangibles amortization .................... 3,116 3,051 3,202 Foreclosed asset expenses, losses and write-downs ........ 9,092 1,176 193 Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation premiums ........... 8,639 1,377 755 Other expense ............................................ 30,027 27,107 26,484 -------- ------- ------- Total non interest expense ............................ 168,818 145,909 137,917 -------- ------- ------- EARNINGS BEFORE INCOME TAXES ................................... 38,365 99,258 103,690 Federal and state income tax expense ........................ 3,991 33,601 35,087 -------- ------- ------- NET EARNINGS ................................................... $ 34,374 65,657 68,603 ======== ======= ======= BASIC EARNINGS PER SHARE ................................. $ 0.56 1.20 1.29 DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE ............................... $ 0.56 1.19 1.28 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 61
GLACIER BANCORP, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2009, 2008, AND 2007 Accumulated Other Retained Comp- Total Common Stock Earnings rehensive Stock- ------------------- Paid-in Substantially Income holders' (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) Shares Amount Capital Restricted (Loss) Equity - --------------------------------------------- ---------- ------ ------- ------------- ----------- ------- Balance at December 31, 2006 ........................ 52,302,820 $523 344,265 108,286 3,069 456,143 Comprehensive income: Net earnings ..................................... -- -- -- 68,603 -- 68,603 Unrealized gain on securities, net of reclassification adjustment and taxes ......... -- -- -- -- 48 48 ------- Total comprehensive income .......................... 68,651 ------- Cash dividends declared ($0.50 per share) ........... -- -- -- (26,694) -- (26,694) Stock options exercised ............................. 550,080 6 6,148 -- -- 6,154 Stock issued in connection with acquisitions ........ 793,580 7 18,993 -- -- 19,000 Stock-based compensation and tax benefit ............ -- -- 5,322 -- -- 5,322 ---------- ---- ------- ------- ------ ------- Balance at December 31, 2007 ........................ 53,646,480 $536 374,728 150,195 3,117 528,576 Comprehensive income: Net earnings ..................................... -- -- -- 65,657 -- 65,657 Unrealized loss on securities, net of reclassification adjustment and taxes ......... -- -- -- -- (4,360) (4,360) ------- Total comprehensive income .......................... 61,297 ------- Cash dividends declared ($0.52 per share) ........... -- -- -- (29,079) -- (29,079) Stock options exercised ............................. 719,858 7 9,789 -- -- 9,796 Stock issued in connection with acquisition ......... 639,935 7 9,280 -- -- 9,287 Public offering of stock issued ..................... 6,325,000 63 93,890 -- -- 93,953 Cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle -- -- -- (997) -- (997) Stock-based compensation and tax benefit ............ -- -- 4,107 -- -- 4,107 ---------- ---- ------- ------- ------ ------- Balance at December 31, 2008 ........................ 61,331,273 $613 491,794 185,776 (1,243) 676,940 Comprehensive income: Net earnings ..................................... -- -- -- 34,374 -- 34,374 Unrealized gain on securities, net of reclassification adjustment and taxes ......... -- -- -- -- 895 895 ------- Total comprehensive income .......................... 35,269 ------- Cash dividends declared ($0.52 per share) ........... -- -- -- (32,021) -- (32,021) Stock options exercised ............................. 188,535 2 2,552 -- -- 2,554 Stock issued in connection with acquisition ......... 99,995 1 1,419 -- -- 1,420 Stock-based compensation and tax benefit ............ -- -- 1,728 -- -- 1,728 ---------- ---- ------- ------- ------ ------- Balance at December 31, 2009 ........................ 61,619,803 $616 497,493 188,129 (348) 685,890 ========== ==== ======= ======= ====== ======= Year ended December 31, ------------------------ 2009 2008 2007 ------- ------- ---- Disclosure of reclassification amount: Unrealized and realized holding gain (loss) arising during the year ....................... $ 7,474 (14,540) 70 Tax (expense) benefit ............................ (2,933) 5,699 (27) ------- ------- --- Net after tax ................................. 4,541 (8,841) 43 ------- ------- --- Reclassification adjustment for net (gain) loss included in net income ........................ (5,995) 7,345 8 Tax expense (benefit) ............................ 2,349 (2,864) (3) ------- ------- --- Net after tax ................................. (3,646) 4,481 5 ------- ------- --- Net change in unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale securities ........... $ 895 (4,360) 48 ======= ======= === See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 62
GLACIER BANCORP, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS Years ended December 31, ------------------------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 2007 - ---------------------- ----------- ---------- ---------- OPERATING ACTIVITIES: Net earnings .......................................................... $ 34,374 65,657 68,603 Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: Mortgage loans held for sale originated or acquired ................ (1,239,862) (675,280) (618,523) Proceeds from sales of mortgage loans held for sale ................ 1,255,432 675,276 626,818 Provision for loan losses .......................................... 124,618 28,480 6,680 Depreciation of premises and equipment ............................. 10,450 9,814 8,508 Amortization of core deposit intangible ............................ 3,116 3,051 3,202 (Gain) loss on sale of investments ................................. (5,995) 7,345 8 Gain on sale of loans .............................................. (26,923) (14,849) (13,283) Loss (gain) on OREO and writedown .................................. 5,676 149 (182) Bargain purchase gain .............................................. (3,482) -- -- Amortization of investment securities premiums and discounts, net .. (73) 1,400 2,737 FHLB stock dividends ............................................... (16) -- -- Gain on sale of Western's Lewistown branch ......................... -- -- (1,575) Deferred (benefit) tax expense ..................................... (29,755) (11,032) 1,569 Stock compensation expense, net of tax benefits .................... 1,863 1,686 2,187 Excess tax benefits related to the exercise of stock options ....... (75) (1,325) (1,745) Net decrease (increase) in accrued interest receivable ............. 1,312 (2,135) 44 Net (decrease) increase in accrued interest payable ................ (2,241) (3,656) 2,162 Net (decrease) increase in current income taxes payable ............ (2,913) 2,636 970 Net increase in other assets ....................................... (26,982) (519) (1,332) Net (decrease) increase in other liabilities ....................... (1,787) 517 1,988 ----------- ---------- ---------- NET CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES ....................... 96,737 87,215 88,836 ----------- ---------- ---------- INVESTING ACTIVITIES: Proceeds from sales, maturities and prepayments of investment securities available-for-sale ...................................... 310,809 280,051 273,323 Purchases of investment securities available-for-sale ................. (768,045) (584,058) (88,715) Principal collected on installment and commercial loans ............... 1,002,856 1,088,871 1,125,275 Installment and commercial loans originated or acquired ............... (1,006,751) (1,420,609) (1,598,253) Principal collections on mortgage loans ............................... 237,883 305,353 455,337 Mortgage loans originated or acquired ................................. (184,354) (357,951) (359,484) Proceeds from sale of OREO ............................................ 14,763 4,294 -- Net purchase of FHLB and FRB stock .................................... (701) (640) (3,854) Net cash received (paid) for acquisition of banks ..................... 41,716 (7,133) 8,953 Net cash paid for sale of Western's Lewistown branch .................. -- -- (6,846) Net addition of premises and equipment ................................ (11,859) (15,336) (18,033) ----------- ---------- ---------- NET CASH USED IN INVESTING ACTIVITIES ........................... (363,683) (707,158) (212,297) ----------- ---------- ---------- FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Net increase (decrease) in deposits ................................... 601,062 (40,936) (97,214) Net increase (decrease) in FHLB advances .............................. 451,910 (209,829) 231,427 Net increase in securities sold under repurchase agreements ........... 8,251 10,322 7,825 Net (decrease) increase in Federal Reserve Bank discount window ....... (689,000) 914,000 -- Net (decrease) increase in U.S. Treasury Tax and Loan funds ........... (930) (215,342) 54,865 Net increase (decrease) in other borrowed funds ....................... 365 (6,621) (55) Cash dividends paid ................................................... (32,021) (29,079) (26,694) Excess tax benefits related to the exercise of stock options .......... 75 1,325 1,745 Proceeds from exercise of stock options and other stock issued ........ 2,554 103,749 6,154 ----------- ---------- ---------- NET CASH PROVIDED BY FINANCING ACTIVITIES ....................... 342,266 527,589 178,053 ----------- ---------- ---------- NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS .................. 75,320 (92,354) 54,592 CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR ........................ 135,255 227,609 173,017 ----------- ---------- ---------- CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR .............................. $ 210,575 135,255 227,609 =========== ========== ========== SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION Cash paid during the year for interest ................................ $ 59,408 94,028 118,840 Cash paid during the year for income taxes ............................ 36,778 43,114 34,798 Sale and refinancing of other real estate owned ....................... 8,150 2,909 -- Other real estate acquired in settlement of loans ..................... 71,967 16,661 558 The following schedule summarizes the Company's acquisitions in 2009, 2008 and 2007: FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF THE NORTH SIDE BANK & TRUST SAN JUANS STATE BANK -------------- ------------ -------------- Date acquired Oct. 2, 2009 Dec. 1, 2008 April 30, 2007 Fair Value of assets acquired $272,280 $157,648 $128,252 Cash paid for the capital stock 621 7,133 8,953 Capital stock issued 9,995 9,287 19,000 Liabilities assumed 266,758 139,016 100,348 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 63
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (A) GENERAL Glacier Bancorp, Inc. ("Company") is a Montana corporation incorporated in 2004 as a successor corporation to the Delaware corporation incorporated in 1990. The Company is a regional multi-bank holding company that provides a full range of banking services to individual and corporate customers in Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, Utah and Washington through its bank subsidiaries. The bank subsidiaries are subject to competition from other financial service providers. The bank subsidiaries are also subject to the regulations of certain government agencies and undergo periodic examinations by those regulatory authorities. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change relate to the determination of the allowance for loan and lease losses ("ALLL" or "allowance") and the valuations related to investments, business combinations, goodwill, deferred tax assets and real estate acquired in connection with foreclosures or in satisfaction of loans. In connection with the determination of the ALLL and other valuation estimates management obtains independent appraisals for significant items. (B) PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its eleven wholly-owned operating subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009; Glacier Bank ("Glacier"), First Security Bank of Missoula ("First Security"), Western Security Bank ("Western"), Big Sky Western Bank ("Big Sky"), Valley Bank of Helena ("Valley"), and First Bank of Montana ("First Bank-MT"), all located in Montana, Mountain West Bank ("Mountain West") and Citizens Community Bank ("Citizens") located in Idaho, 1st Bank ("1st Bank") and First National Bank & Trust ("First National") located in Wyoming, and Bank of the San Juans ("San Juans") located in Colorado. All significant inter-company transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. In addition, the Company owns seven trust subsidiaries, Glacier Capital Trust II ("Glacier Trust II"), Glacier Capital Trust III ("Glacier Trust III"), Glacier Capital Trust IV ("Glacier Trust IV"), Citizens (ID) Statutory Trust I ("Citizens Trust I"), Bank of the San Juans Bancorporation Trust I ("San Juans Trust I"), First Company Statutory Trust 2001 ("First Co Trust 01") and First Company Statutory Trust 2003 ("First Co Trust 03") for the purpose of issuing trust preferred securities and, in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") Accounting Standards Codification(TM) ("ASC") Topic 810, Consolidation, the trust subsidiaries are not consolidated into the Company's financial statements. The Company does not have any other off-balance sheet entities. On October 2, 2009, First Company and its subsidiary, First National, was acquired by the Company. On December 1, 2008, Bank of the San Juans Bancorporation and its subsidiary, San Juans, was acquired by the Company. The acquired banks became wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company. On February 1, 2009, First National Bank of Morgan ("Morgan") merged into 1st Bank resulting in operations being conducted under the 1st Bank charter. Prior period activity of Morgan has been combined and included in 1st Bank's historical results. On April 30, 2008, Glacier Bank of Whitefish ("Whitefish") merged into Glacier with operations conducted under the Glacier charter. The mergers were accounted for as a combination of two wholly-owned subsidiaries without acquisition accounting and prior period activity of the merged banks has been combined and included in the acquiring bank subsidiaries' historical results. (C) VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES FASB ASC Topic 810, Consolidation, provides guidance as to when a company should consolidate the assets, liabilities, and activities of a variable interest entity ("VIE") in its financial statements, and when a company should disclose information about its relationship with a VIE. A VIE is a legal structure used to conduct activities or hold assets, and a VIE must be consolidated by a company if it is the primary beneficiary that absorbs the majority of the entity's expected losses, receives a majority of the entity's expected residual returns, or both. For additional information relating to 2009 amendments to this topic, see Note 22. 64
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES...CONTINUED The Company has equity investments in Certified Development Entities ("CDE") which have received allocations of new market tax credits ("NMTC"). The Company also has equity investments in low-income housing tax credit ("LIHTC") partnerships. The CDE's and the LIHTC partnerships are VIE's. The underlying activities of the VIE's are community development projects designed primarily to promote community welfare, such as economic rehabilitation and development of low-income areas by providing housing, services, or jobs for residents. The maximum exposure to loss in the VIE's is the amount of equity invested or credit extended by the Company; however, the Company has credit protection in the form of indemnification agreements, guarantees, and collateral arrangements. The Company has evaluated the variable interests held by the Company and others and where the Company is the primary beneficiary of a VIE, the VIE has been consolidated into the bank subsidiary which holds the direct investment in the VIE. Currently, only CDE (NMTC) investments are consolidated into the Company's financial statements. For the CDE (NMTC) investments, the creditors and other beneficial interest holders have no recourse to the general credit of the bank subsidiaries. As of December 31, 2009, the Company had investments in VIE's of $30,513,000 and $2,331,000 for the CDE (NMTC) and LIHTC partnerships, respectively. The consolidated VIE's as well as the unconsolidated VIE's are regularly monitored by the Company to determine if any reconsideration events have occurred that could cause its primary beneficiary status to change. (D) CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, cash held as demand deposits at various banks and regulatory agencies, interest bearing deposits, federal funds sold and liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. (E) INVESTMENT SECURITIES Debt securities for which the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold to maturity are classified as held-to-maturity and are stated at amortized cost. Debt and equity securities held primarily for the purpose of selling in the near term are classified as trading securities and are reported at fair market value, with unrealized gains and losses included in income. Debt and equity securities not classified as held-to-maturity or trading are classified as available-for-sale and are reported at fair value with unrealized gains and losses, net of income taxes, shown as a separate component of stockholders' equity. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company only has available-for-sale securities. Premiums and discounts on investment securities are amortized or accreted into income using a method that approximates the level-yield interest method. The cost of any investment, if sold, is determined by specific identification. If impairment of securities is determined to be other-than-temporary, an impairment loss is recognized by reducing the amortized cost for the credit loss portion of the impairment with a corresponding charge to earnings for a like amount. The Company holds stock in the Federal Home Loan Bank ("FHLB") and the Federal Reserve Bank ("FRB"). FHLB stock and FRB stock is restricted because such stock may only be sold to the FHLB or FRB at its par value. Due to restrictive terms, and the lack of a readily determinable market value, FHLB and FRB stocks are carried at cost. For additional information relating to investment securities, see Note 3. (F) LOANS RECEIVABLE Loans that are intended to be held to maturity are reported at their unpaid principal balance less charge-offs, specific valuation accounts, and any deferred fees or costs on originated loans. Acquired loans are reported net of unamortized premiums or discounts. Interest income is reported on the interest method and includes discounts and premiums on acquired loans and net loan fees on originated loans which are amortized over the expected life of loans using methods that approximate the effective interest method. For additional information relating to loans, see Note 4. Loans are designated non-accrual and the accrual of interest is discontinued when the collection of the contractual principal or interest is unlikely. A loan is typically placed on non-accrual when principal or interest is due and has remained unpaid for ninety days or more unless the loan is in process of collection and well-secured by collateral the fair value of which is sufficient to pay off the debt in full. When a loan is placed on non-accrual status, interest previously accrued but not collected is reversed against current period interest income. Subsequent payments are applied to the outstanding principal balance if doubt remains as to the ultimate collectability of the loan. Interest accruals are resumed on such loans only when they are brought fully current with respect to interest and principal and when, in the judgment of management, the loans are estimated to be fully collectible as to both principal and interest. 65
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES...CONTINUED Loans are designated impaired when, based upon current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. The amount of the impairment is measured using cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate, except when it is determined that repayment of the loan is expected to be provided solely by the underlying collateral. For collateral dependent loans, impairment is measured by the fair value of the collateral less the cost to sell. When the ultimate collectability of the total principal of an impaired loan is in doubt and designated is non-accrual, all payments are applied to principal under the cost recovery method. When the ultimate collectability of the total principal on an impaired loan is not in doubt, contractual interest is generally credited to interest income when received under the cash basis method. A restructured loan is considered a troubled debt restructuring if the creditor, for economic or legal reasons related to the debtor's financial difficulties, grants a concession to the debtor that it would not otherwise consider. The Company's troubled debt restructuring loans are considered impaired loans. (G) LOANS HELD FOR SALE Mortgage and commercial loans originated and intended for sale in the secondary market are carried at the lower of cost or estimated market value in the aggregate. Net unrealized losses are recognized by charges to income. A sale is recognized when the Company surrenders control of the loan and consideration, other than beneficial interests in the loan, is received in exchange. A gain is recognized to the extent the selling price exceeds the carrying value. (H) ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN AND LEASE LOSSES Based upon management's analysis of the Company's loan and lease portfolio, the balance of the ALLL is an estimate of probable credit losses known and inherent in the loan and lease portfolio as of the date of the consolidated financial statements. The ALLL is increased by provisions for loan losses which are charged to expense. The portions of loan balances determined by management to be uncollectible are charged off in reduction of the allowance. Recoveries of amounts previously charged off are credited as an increase to the allowance. The allowance for estimated losses on loans and leases is determined by each bank subsidiary based upon past loss experience, adjusted for changes in trends and conditions of certain items, including: - Adverse situations that may affect specific borrowers' ability to repay; - Current collateral values, where appropriate; - Delinquencies and non-performing loans; - Amount and timing of future cash flows expected on impaired loans; - Criticized and classified loans; - Credit concentrations by credit type, industry, geography; - Recoveries and dispositions of balances previously charge-off; - Volume and terms of loans; - Loan size and complexity; - Competition and bank size; - Local market areas and national economic conditions; - Effects of changes in lending policies and procedures; - Experience, ability, and depth of lending management and credit administration staff; and - Effects of legal and regulatory developments. 66
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES...CONTINUED Individually significant loans and major lending areas are reviewed periodically to determine potential problems at an early date. A loan is considered impaired when, based upon current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. The amount of the impairment is measured using cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate, except when it is determined that repayment of the loan is expected to be provided solely by the underlying collateral. For collateral dependent loans, impairment is measured by the fair value of the collateral less the cost to sell. The Company considers its investment in one-to-four family residential loans, consumer and home equity loans to be homogeneous and therefore evaluates such loans for impairment on a pooled basis. (I) TEMPORARY VERSUS OTHER-THAN-TEMPORARY IMPAIRMENT The Company views the determination of whether an investment security is temporarily or other-than-temporarily impaired as a critical accounting policy, as the estimate is susceptible to significant change from period to period because it requires management to make significant judgments, assumptions and estimates in the preparation of its consolidated financial statements. The Company assesses individual securities in its investment securities portfolio for impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant. An investment is impaired if the fair value of the security is less than its carrying value at the financial statement date. If impairment is determined to be other-than-temporary, an impairment loss is recognized by reducing the amortized cost for the credit loss portion of the impairment with a corresponding charge to earnings. Management considers whether an investment security is other-than-temporarily impaired under the guidance promulgated in FASB ASC Topic 320, Investments - Debt and Equity Securities. For additional information relating to investment securities, see Note 3. In evaluating impaired securities for other-than-temporary impairment losses, management considers, among other things, (i) the severity and duration of the impairment, (ii) the credit ratings of the security, (iii) the overall deal structure, including the Company's position within the structure, the overall and near term financial performance of the issuer and underlying collateral, delinquencies, defaults, loss severities, recoveries, prepayments, cumulative loss projections, discounted cash flows and fair value estimates. The Company also considers its intent and ability to retain the investment security for a period of time sufficient to allow for anticipated recovery in fair value. In so doing, the Company considers (i) contractual constraints, liquidity and capital needs of the Company, and (ii) management's approach to managing the investment portfolio including intent, if any, to dispose of impaired investment securities in periods subsequent to the impairment analysis date. (J) PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT Premises and equipment are stated at cost less depreciation. Depreciation is computed on a straight-line method over the estimated useful lives or the term of the related lease. The estimated useful life for office buildings is 15 - 40 years and the estimated useful life for furniture, fixtures, and equipment is 3 - - 10 years. Interest is capitalized for any significant building projects. For additional information relating to premises and equipment, see Note 5. (K) REAL ESTATE OWNED Property acquired by foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure is carried at the lower of fair value at acquisition date or current estimated fair value, less selling costs. Costs, excluding interest, relating to the improvement of property are capitalized, whereas those relating to holding the property are charged to expense. Fair value is determined as the amount that could be reasonably expected in a current sale (other than a forced or liquidation sale) between a willing buyer and a willing seller. If the fair value of the asset minus the estimated cost to sell is less than the cost of the property, a loss is recognized in other expenses and the asset carrying value is reduced. Any gain or loss on disposition of real estate owned is recorded in other income or other expense. (L) BUSINESS COMBINATIONS AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS Acquisitions are accounted for as prescribed by FASB ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations. This Topic was amended January 1, 2009; for additional information relating to the amendment, see Note 22. Acquisition accounting requires the total purchase price to be allocated to the estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including certain intangible assets. Goodwill is recorded if the purchase price exceeds the net fair value of assets acquired and a bargain purchase gain is recorded in other income if the net fair value of assets acquired exceeds the purchase price. 67
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES...CONTINUED Adjustment of the allocated purchase price may be related to fair value estimates for which all information has not been obtained on the acquired entity known or discovered during the allocation period, the period of time required to identify and measure the fair values of the assets and liabilities acquired in the business combination. Core deposit intangible represents the intangible value of depositor relationships resulting from deposit liabilities assumed in acquisitions and are amortized using an accelerated method based on an estimated runoff of the related deposits, not exceeding 10 years. The useful life of the core deposit intangible is reevaluated on an annual basis, with any changes in estimated useful life accounted for prospectively over the revised remaining life. For additional information relating to core deposit intangibles, see Note 6. On an annual basis, as required by FASB ASC Topic 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other, the Company tests goodwill and other intangible assets for impairment at the subsidiary level annually during the third quarter. In addition, goodwill and other intangible assets of a subsidiary are tested for impairment between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more-likely-than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. For additional information relating to goodwill, see Note 6. (M) INCOME TAXES Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance, if based on the weight of available evidence, it is more-likely-than-not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The term more-likely-than not means a likelihood of more than 50 percent. The recognition threshold considers the facts, circumstances, and information available at the reporting date and is subject to the Company's judgment. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, the Company considers both positive and negative evidence. For additional information relating to income taxes, see Note 12. (N) ADVERTISING AND PROMOTION Advertising and promotion costs are recognized in the period incurred. (O) STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION Compensation cost related to the share-based payment transactions is recognized in the financial statements over the requisite service period, which is the vesting period. Compensation cost is measured using the fair value of an award on the grant date by using the Black Scholes option-pricing model. For additional information relating to stock-based compensation, see Note 15. (P) LONG-LIVED ASSETS Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. An asset is deemed impaired if the sum of the expected future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset. If impaired, an impairment loss is recognized to reduce the carrying value of the asset to fair value. At December 31, 2009 and 2008, no assets were considered impaired. 68
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES...CONTINUED (Q) MORTGAGE SERVICING RIGHTS The Company recognizes the rights to service mortgage loans for others, whether acquired or internally originated. Loan servicing rights are initially recorded at fair value based on comparable market quotes and are amortized as other expense in proportion to and over the period of estimated net servicing income. Loan servicing rights are evaluated quarterly for impairment by discounting the expected future cash flows, taking into consideration the estimated level of prepayments based on current industry expectations and the predominant risk characteristics of the underlying loans including loan type, note rate and loan term. Impairment adjustments, if any, are recorded through a valuation allowance. For additional information relating to mortgage servicing rights, see Note 6. As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, the carrying value of mortgage servicing rights was approximately $1,041,000 and $1,262,000, respectively. Amortization expense of $250,000, $176,000, and $188,000 was recognized in the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. The servicing rights are included in other assets on the balance sheet and are amortized over the period of estimated net servicing income. There was no impairment of carrying value at December 31, 2009 or 2008. At December 31, 2009, the fair value of mortgage servicing rights was approximately $1,708,000. (R) EARNINGS PER SHARE Basic earnings per share represents income available to common stockholders divided by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per share reflects additional common shares that would have been outstanding if dilutive potential shares had been issued, as well as any adjustment to income that would result from the issuance. Potential common shares that may be issued by the Company relate to outstanding stock options, and are determined using the treasury stock method. For additional information relating earnings per share, see Note 14. (S) LEASES The Company leases certain land, premises and equipment from third parties under operating and capital leases. The lease payments for operating lease agreements are recognized on a straight-line basis. The present value of the future minimum rental payments for capital leases is recognized as an asset when the lease is formed. Lease improvements incurred at the inception of the lease are recorded as an asset and depreciated over the initial term of the lease and lease improvements incurred subsequently are depreciated over the remaining term of the lease. For additional information relating to leases, see Note 19. (T) COMPREHENSIVE INCOME Comprehensive income includes net income, as well as other changes in stockholders' equity that result from transactions and economic events other than those with stockholders. The Company's only significant element of other comprehensive income is unrealized gains and losses, net of tax expense (benefit), on available-for-sale securities. (U) RECLASSIFICATIONS Certain reclassifications have been made to the 2008 and 2007 financial statements to conform to the 2009 presentation. 2. CASH ON HAND AND IN BANKS At December 31, 2009 and 2008, cash and cash equivalents primarily consisted of Federal funds sold, cash on hand, and cash items in process. The bank subsidiaries are required to maintain an average reserve balance with either the Federal Reserve or in the form of cash on hand. The amount of this required reserve balance at December 31, 2009 was $12,412,000. The financial institutions holding the Company's cash accounts are participating in the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation's ("FDIC") Transaction Account Guarantee Program. Under that program, through June 30, 2010, all noninterest-bearing transaction accounts are fully guaranteed by the FDIC for the entire amount in the account. At December 31, 2009, the Company had overnight Federal funds sold of $87,155,000, which are not guaranteed by the FDIC. The Company performs a quarterly review of the institutions at which balances are maintained. The review encompasses the financial condition of each institution including capital level, credit quality, earnings level, and other factors including trends affecting the financial condition of the institution. 69
3. INVESTMENT SECURITIES, AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE A comparison of the amortized cost and estimated fair value of the Company's investment securities designated as available-for-sale is presented below. YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2009 ------------------------------------------------------ GROSS UNREALIZED ESTIMATED WEIGHTED AMORTIZED ----------------- FAIR (Dollars in thousands) YIELD COST GAINS LOSSES VALUE - ---------------------- -------- ---------- ------- ------- --------- U.S. Government and federal agency: Maturing within one year ..................... 1.62% $ 210 -- (1) 209 Government sponsored enterprises: Maturing within one year ..................... 0.00% -- -- -- -- Maturing after one year through five years ... 3.21% 74 -- -- 74 Maturing after five years through ten years .. 1.64% 40 -- -- 40 Maturing after ten years ..................... 2.05% 63 -- -- 63 ---------- ------ ------- --------- 2.43% 177 -- -- 177 ---------- ------ ------- --------- State and local governments and other issues: Maturing within one year ..................... 2.48% 2,040 6 -- 2,046 Maturing after one year through five years ... 3.30% 9,326 208 (12) 9,522 Maturing after five years through ten years .. 3.84% 27,125 786 (168) 27,743 Maturing after ten years ..................... 4.92% 448,853 10,140 (10,539) 448,454 ---------- ------ ------- --------- 4.82% 487,344 11,140 (10,719) 487,765 ---------- ------ ------- --------- Residential mortgage-backed securities .......... 3.42% 956,033 15,167 (16,158) 955,042 ---------- ------ ------- --------- Total marketable securities ............... 3.89% 1,443,764 26,307 (26,878) 1,443,193 ---------- ------ ------- --------- Other investments: FHLB and FRB stock, at cost .................. 1.30% 62,577 -- -- 62,577 Other stock, at cost ......................... 0.05% 624 -- -- 624 ---------- ------ ------- --------- Total investments ......................... 3.78% $1,506,965 26,307 (26,878) 1,506,394 ========== ====== ======= ========= 70
3. INVESTMENT SECURITIES, AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE . . . CONTINUED Year ended December 31, 2008 ------------------------------------------------------ GROSS UNREALIZED ESTIMATED WEIGHTED AMORTIZED ----------------- FAIR (Dollars in thousands) YIELD COST GAINS LOSSES VALUE - ---------------------- -------- ---------- ------- ------- --------- U.S. Government and federal agency: Maturing within one year ..................... 1.62% $ 213 4 -- 217 Government sponsored enterprises: Maturing within one year ..................... 0.00% -- -- -- -- Maturing after one year through five years ... 0.00% -- -- -- -- Maturing after five years through ten years .. 4.12% 246 -- (2) 244 Maturing after ten years ..................... 3.75% 68 -- -- 68 -------- ------ ------- ------- 4.04% 314 -- (2) 312 -------- ------ ------- ------- State and local governments and other issues: Maturing within one year ..................... 3.76% 940 6 -- 946 Maturing after one year through five years ... 4.61% 4,482 104 (9) 4,577 Maturing after five years through ten years .. 5.08% 20,219 1,030 (80) 21,169 Maturing after ten years ..................... 5.08% 408,603 8,121 (9,733) 406,991 -------- ------ ------- ------- 5.07% 434,244 9,261 (9,822) 433,683 -------- ------ ------- ------- Residential mortgage-backed securities .......... 4.62% 495,961 4,956 (6,447) 494,470 -------- ------ ------- ------- Total marketable securities ............... 4.83% 930,732 14,221 (16,271) 928,682 -------- ------ ------- ------- Other investments: FHLB and FRB stock, at cost .................. 1.72% 60,945 -- -- 60,945 Other stock, at cost ......................... 3.10% 465 -- -- 465 -------- ------ ------- ------- Total investments ......................... 4.64% $992,142 14,221 (16,271) 990,092 ======== ====== ======= ======= Maturities of securities do not reflect repricing opportunities present in adjustable rate securities, nor do they reflect expected shorter maturities based upon early prepayment of principal. Weighted yields on tax-exempt investment securities exclude the tax effect. The amortized cost of securities at December 31, 2007 was as follows: December 31, (Dollars in thousands) 2007 - ---------------------- ------------ U.S. Government and federal agency .................. $ 2,550 Government sponsored enterprises .................... 1,314 State and local governments and other issues ........ 277,212 Residential mortgage-backed securities .............. 346,085 FHLMC and FNMA stock ................................ 7,593 Certificates of deposit with over 90 day maturity ... 199 FHLB and FRB stock .................................. 59,815 Other stock ......................................... 413 -------- $695,181 ======== 71
3. INVESTMENT SECURITIES, AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE...CONTINUED Interest income includes tax-exempt interest for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 of $22,196,000, $13,901,000, and $13,427,000, respectively. Gross proceeds from sales of investment securities for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 were approximately $85,224,000, $97,002,000 and $55,501,000, respectively, resulting in gross gains of approximately $7,113,000, $0 and $1,000 and gross losses of approximately $1,118,000, $0 and $9,000 respectively. During the first quarter of 2008, the Company realized a gain of $130,000 from extinguishment of the Company's share ownership in Principal Financial Group and a gain of $118,000 from the mandatory redemption of a portion of Visa, Inc. shares from its recent initial public offering. During the third quarter of 2008, the Company incurred a $7,593,000 other-than-temporary impairment ("OTTI") charge with respect to its investments in Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation ("Freddie Mac") preferred stock and Federal National Mortgage Association ("Fannie Mae") common stock. The Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac stock was written down to a $0 value, however, the shares were still owned by the Company at December 31, 2009. The cost of any investment sold is determined by specific identification. At December 31, 2009, the Company had investment securities with carrying values of approximately $1,114,749,000, pledged as collateral for FHLB advances, FRB borrowings, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, U.S. Treasury Tax and Loan borrowings and deposits of several local government units. The investments in FHLB stock are required investments related to the Company's borrowings from FHLB. FHLB obtains its funding primarily through issuance of consolidated obligations of the FHLB system. The U.S. Government does not guarantee these obligations, and each of the 12 FHLBs are jointly and severally liable for repayment of each other's debt. The following is a summary of investments with unrealized loss positions at December 31, 2009: LESS THAN 12 MONTHS 12 MONTHS OR MORE TOTAL --------------------- ------------------- -------------------- FAIR UNREALIZED FAIR UNREALIZED FAIR UNREALIZED (Dollars in thousands) VALUE LOSS VALUE LOSS VALUE LOSS - ---------------------- -------- ---------- ------ ---------- ------- ---------- U.S. Government and federal agency ............. $ 208 1 -- -- 208 1 State and local governments and other issues ... 74,045 1,835 18,094 985 92,139 2,820 Collateralized debt obligations ................ 6,789 7,899 -- -- 6,789 7,899 Residential mortgage-backed securities ......... 466,196 3,861 39,780 12,297 505,976 16,158 -------- ------ ------ ------ ------- ------ Total temporarily impaired securities ....... $547,238 13,596 57,874 13,282 605,112 26,878 ======== ====== ====== ====== ======= ====== The following is a summary of investments with unrealized loss positions at December 31, 2008: LESS THAN 12 MONTHS 12 MONTHS OR MORE TOTAL --------------------- ------------------- -------------------- FAIR UNREALIZED FAIR UNREALIZED FAIR UNREALIZED (Dollars in thousands) VALUE LOSS VALUE LOSS VALUE LOSS - ---------------------- -------- ---------- ------ ---------- ------- ---------- Government sponsored enterprises ............... $ 104 1 205 1 309 2 State and local governments and other issues ... 142,826 9,772 1,621 50 144,447 9,822 Residential mortgage-backed securities ......... 116,004 5,758 12,403 689 128,407 6,447 -------- ------ ------ --- ------- ------ Total temporarily impaired securities ....... $258,934 15,531 14,229 740 273,163 16,271 ======== ====== ====== === ======= ====== 72
3. INVESTMENT SECURITIES, AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE...CONTINUED The Company assesses individual securities in its investment securities portfolio for impairment at least on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant. An investment is impaired if the fair value of the security is less than its carrying value at the financial statement date. If impairment is determined to be other-than-temporary, an impairment loss is recognized by reducing the amortized cost for the credit loss portion of the impairment with a corresponding charge to earnings. For fair value estimates provided by third party vendors, management also considered the models and methodology, for appropriate consideration of both observable and unobservable inputs, including appropriately adjusted discount rates and credit spreads for securities with limited or inactive markets, and whether the quoted prices reflect orderly transactions, For certain securities, the Company obtained independent estimates of inputs, including cash flows, in supplement to third party vendor provided information. The Company also reviewed financial statements of select issuers, with follow up discussions with issuers' management for clarification and verification of information relevant to the Company's impairment analysis. In evaluating debt securities for other-than-temporary impairment losses, management assesses whether the Company intends to sell or if it is more likely-than-not that it will be required to sell impaired debt securities. In so doing, management considers contractual constraints, liquidity, capital, asset / liability management and securities portfolio objectives. With respect to its impaired debt securities at December 31, 2009, management determined that it does not intend to sell and that there is no expected requirement to sell any of its impaired debt securities. As of December 31, 2009, there were 273 investments in an unrealized loss position and were considered to be temporarily impaired and therefore an impairment charge has not been recorded. All of such temporarily impaired investments are debt securities. Residential mortgage-backed securities have the largest unrealized loss. The fair value of these securities, which have underlying collateral consisting of U.S. government sponsored enterprise guaranteed mortgages and non-guaranteed private label whole loan mortgages, were $505,976,000 at December 31, 2009 of which $454,516,000 was purchased during 2009, the remainder of which had a fair market value of $73,624,000 at December 31, 2008. For the securities purchased in 2009 there has been an unrealized loss of $3,607,000 since purchase. Of the remaining residential mortgage-backed securities in a loss position the unrealized loss increased from 8.3 percent of fair value at December 31, 2008 to 24.4 percent of fair value at December 31, 2009. The fair value of Collateralized Debt Obligation securities in an unrealized loss position is $6,789,000 with unrealized losses of $7,899,000 or 116 percent of fair value at December 31, 2009; such investments had an unrealized gain position at December 31, 2008. The fair value of State and Local Government were $92,139,000 at December 31, 2009 of which $42,703,000 was purchased during 2009, the remainder of which had a fair market value of $47,907,000 at December 31, 2008. For the securities purchased in 2009 there has been an unrealized loss of $1,212,000 since purchase. Of the remaining State and Local Government securities in a loss position the unrealized loss decreased from 10.1 percent of fair value at December 31, 2008 to 3.3 percent of fair value at December 31, 2009. The Company stratified the 273 debt securities for both severity and duration of impairment. With respect to severity, the following table provides the number of securities and amount of unrealized loss in the various ranges of unrealized loss as a percent of book value. Unrealized Number of (Dollars in thousands) Loss Bonds - ---------------------- ---------- --------- Greater than 40.0% $ 7,859 6 30.1% to 40.0% 1,370 1 20.1% to 30.0% 7,160 5 15.1% to 20.0% 4,180 10 10.1% to 15.0% 125 3 5.1% to 10.0% 705 14 0.1% to 5.0% 5,479 234 ------- --- Total $26,878 273 ======= === 73
3. INVESTMENT SECURITIES, AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE...CONTINUED With respect to the duration of the impaired securities, the Company identified 39 securities which have been continuously impaired for the 12 months ending December 31, 2009. The valuation history of such securities in the prior year(s) was also reviewed to determine the number of months in prior year(s) in which the identified securities was in an unrealized loss position. 13 of these 39 securities are non-guaranteed, non-Agency CMOs with an aggregate unrealized loss of $12,291,000, the most notable of which had an unrealized loss of $1,536,000. 17 of the 39 securities are state and local tax-exempt securities with an unrealized loss of $985,000, the most notable of which had an unrealized loss of $233,000. 8 of the 39 securities are residential mortgage-backed securities issued by U.S. government sponsored agencies, i.e., GNMA, FNMA, FHLMC and SBA, the aggregate unrealized loss of which was $6,000. For impaired debt securities for which there was no intent or expected requirement to sell, management considers available evidence to assess whether it is more likely-than-not that all amounts due would not be collected In such assessment, management considers the severity and duration of the impairment, the credit ratings of the security, the overall deal and payment structure, including the Company's position within the structure, underlying obligors, financial condition and near term prospects of the issuer, delinquencies, defaults, loss severities, recoveries, prepayments, cumulative loss projections, discounted cash flows and fair value estimates. Based on an analysis of its impaired securities as of December 31, 2009, the Company determined that none of such securities had other-than-temporary impairment. 4. LOANS RECEIVABLE, NET AND LOANS HELD FOR SALE The following is a summary of loans receivable, net and loans held for sale at: December 31, ---------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 - ---------------------- ---------- --------- Residential real estate ......................... $ 746,050 786,869 Loans held for sale ............................. 66,330 54,976 Commercial real estate .......................... 1,900,438 1,935,341 Other commercial ................................ 724,966 645,033 Consumer ........................................ 201,001 208,166 Home equity ..................................... 501,920 507,831 ---------- --------- 4,140,705 4,138,216 Net deferred loan fees, premiums and discounts .. (10,460) (8,023) ---------- --------- 4,130,245 4,130,193 Allowance for loan and lease losses ............. (142,927) (76,739) ---------- --------- $3,987,318 4,053,454 ========== ========= Substantially all of the loans held for sale at December 31, 2009 and 2008 were committed to be sold. At December 31, 2009, the Company had $2,571,047,000 in variable rate loans and $1,569,658,000 in fixed rate loans. The weighted average interest rate on loans was 6.06 percent and 6.93 percent at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. At December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, loans sold and serviced for others were $176,231,000, $181,351,000, and $177,173,000, respectively. At December 31, 2009, the Company had loans of approximately $2,502,684,000 pledged as collateral for FHLB advances, FRB and U.S. Treasury Tax and Loan borrowings. Substantially all of the Company's loan receivables are with customers within the Company's market areas. Although the Company has a diversified loan portfolio, a substantial portion of its customers' ability to honor their contracts is dependent upon the economic performance in the Company's market areas. The bank subsidiaries are subject to regulatory limits for the amount of loans to any individual borrower and all bank subsidiaries are in compliance as of December 31, 2009. No borrower had outstanding loans or commitments exceeding 10 percent of the Company's consolidated stockholders' equity as of December 31, 2009. The Company has entered into transactions with its executive officers, directors, significant shareholders, and their affiliates. The aggregate amount of loans to such related parties at December 31, 2009 and 2008 was approximately $86,037,000 and $92,107,000, respectively. During 2009, new loans to such related parties were approximately $18,882,000 and repayments were approximately $24,952,000. 74
4. LOANS RECEIVABLE, NET AND LOANS HELD FOR SALE . . . CONTINUED The following is a summary of activity in the ALLL: Years ended December 31, -------------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 2007 - --------------------- -------- ------ ------ Balance at beginning of period ... $ 76,739 54,413 49,259 Acquisitions ..................... -- 2,625 639 Net charge offs .................. (58,430) (8,779) (2,165) Provision ........................ 124,618 28,480 6,680 -------- ------ ------ Balance at end of period ......... $142,927 76,739 54,413 ======== ====== ====== The increase in the ALLL was primarily due to the increase in non-performing assets since December 31, 2008 and a downturn in global, national and local economies. Following is the allocation of the ALLL and the percent of loans in each category at: DECEMBER 31, 2009 December 31, 2008 ---------------------- --------------------- PERCENT OF Percent of OF LOANS IN of Loans in (Dollars in thousands) AMOUNT CATEGORY Amount Category - ---------------------- -------- ----------- ------- ----------- Residential real estate and loans held for sale .. $ 13,496 19.6% $ 7,233 20.3% Commercial real estate ........................... 66,791 45.9% 35,305 46.8% Other commercial ................................. 39,558 17.5% 21,590 15.6% Consumer ......................................... 9,663 4.9% 5,636 5.0% Home equity ...................................... 13,419 12.1% 6,975 12.3% -------- ----- ------- ----- $142,927 100.0% $76,739 100.0% ======== ===== ======= ===== The following is a summary of the non-performing loans: Years ended December 31, -------------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 2007 - ---------------------- -------- ------ ------ Impaired loans ................................. $218,742 79,949 12,152 Average recorded investment in impaired loans .. 145,230 40,985 7,311 Impairment allowance ........................... 19,760 7,999 2,827 Non-accrual loans .............................. 198,281 64,301 8,560 Accruing loans 90 days or more overdue ......... 5,537 8,613 2,685 As of December 31, 2009, the Company had impaired loans without a valuation allowance of $141,613,000 and impaired loans with a valuation allowance of $77,129,000. Interest income that would have been recorded on non-accrual loans if such loans had been current for the entire period would have been approximately $11,730,000, $4,434,000, and $683,000 for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007. Interest income recognized on non-accruing loans for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 was not significant. The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance-sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers. These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit and letters of credit, and involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit risk. The Company's exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance-sheet instruments. 75
4. LOANS RECEIVABLE, NET AND LOANS HELD FOR SALE . . . CONTINUED The Company's troubled debt restructuring loans are included in the amount of impaired loans. As of December 31, 2009, the Company had troubled debt restructuring loans of $64,618,000, of which there were $1,245,000 of additional outstanding commitments. The amount of charge-offs on troubled debt restructuring loans during 2009 was $7,776,000. The Company had outstanding commitments as follows: December 31, ------------------ (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 - ---------------------- -------- ------- Loans and loans in process ....... $457,754 648,788 Unused consumer lines of credit .. 286,621 272,181 Letters of credit ................ 28,691 36,934 -------- ------- $773,066 957,903 ======== ======= 5. PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT, NET Premises and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation, consist of the following at: December 31, ------------------ (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 - ---------------------- -------- ------- Land ........................................... $ 23,315 20,633 Office buildings and construction in progress .. 119,420 113,742 Furniture, fixtures and equipment .............. 58,013 53,593 Leasehold improvements ......................... 8,969 7,528 Accumulated depreciation ....................... (68,796) (61,547) -------- ------- $140,921 133,949 ======== ======= Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 was $10,450,000, $9,814,000, and $8,508,000, respectively. Interest expense capitalized for various construction projects for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $33,000, $71,000 and $264,000, respectively. 76
6. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS The following table sets forth information regarding the Company's core deposit intangibles and mortgage servicing rights: Mortgage Core Deposit Servicing (Dollars in thousands) Intangible Rights (1) Total - ---------------------- ------------ ---------- ------ AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2009 Gross carrying value $ 31,847 Accumulated amortization (17,910) -------- Net carrying value $ 13,937 1,041 14,978 ======== AS OF DECEMBER 31, 2008 Gross carrying value $ 27,807 Accumulated amortization (14,794) -------- Net carrying value $ 13,013 1,262 14,275 ======== WEIGHTED-AVERAGE AMORTIZATION PERIOD (Period in years) 9.1 9.4 9.1 AGGREGATE AMORTIZATION EXPENSE For the year ended December 31, 2009 $ 3,116 250 3,366 For the year ended December 31, 2008 3,051 176 3,227 For the year ended December 31, 2007 3,202 188 3,390 ESTIMATED AMORTIZATION EXPENSE For the year ended December 31, 2010 $ 2,603 74 2,677 For the year ended December 31, 2011 1,895 72 1,967 For the year ended December 31, 2012 1,534 70 1,604 For the year ended December 31, 2013 1,283 68 1,351 For the year ended December 31, 2014 1,034 65 1,099 1 Gross carrying value and accumulated amortization are not readily available The following is a summary of activity in goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008: Years ended December 31, ------------------------ (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 - ---------------------- --------- ------------ Balance at beginning of period $ 146,752 140,301 Acquisition of San Juans (493) 6,451 --------- ------- Balance at end of period $ 146,259 146,752 ========= ======= 77
7. DEPOSITS Deposits consist of the following at: December 31, -------------------------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 - ---------------------- ------------------ ----------------- Demand accounts ............................... $ 810,550 19.8% 747,439 22.9% ---------- ---- --------- ----- NOW accounts .................................. 749,535 18.3% 515,211 15.8% Savings accounts .............................. 324,234 7.9% 280,895 8.6% Money market demand accounts .................. 907,949 22.1% 779,154 23.9% Certificates of deposit ....................... 1,307,884 31.9% 939,776 28.8% ---------- ----- --------- ----- Total interest bearing deposits ............ 3,289,602 80.2% 2,515,036 77.1% ---------- ----- --------- ----- Total deposits ............................. $4,100,152 100.0% 3,262,475 100.0% ========== ===== ========= ===== Deposits with a balance $100,000 and greater .. $2,315,750 1,621,430 ========== ========= At December 31, 2009, scheduled maturities of certificates of deposit are as follows: Years ending December 31, -------------------------------------------------- (Dollars in thousands) TOTAL 2010 2011 2012 2013 Thereafter - ---------------------- ---------- --------- ------- ------ ------ ---------- 1.00% and lower ...... $ 170,133 169,896 36 194 7 -- 1.01% to 2.00% ....... 590,288 553,632 33,922 1,844 356 534 2.01% to 3.00% ....... 379,977 280,048 64,292 29,374 1,724 4,539 3.01% to 4.00% ....... 93,894 48,593 23,189 4,807 5,806 11,499 4.01% to 5.00% ....... 43,226 26,662 8,863 4,445 3,069 187 5.01% to 6.00% ....... 30,098 12,429 10,849 6,598 101 121 6.01% to 7.00% ....... 246 120 126 -- -- -- 7.01% to 8.00% ....... 22 -- -- 22 -- -- ---------- --------- ------- ------ ------ ------ $1,307,884 1,091,380 141,277 47,284 11,063 16,880 ========== ========= ======= ====== ====== ====== Interest expense on deposits is summarized as follows: Years ended December 31, ------------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 2007 - ---------------------- ------- ------ ------ NOW accounts .................. $ 2,280 3,014 4,708 Savings accounts .............. 947 1,865 2,679 Money market demand accounts .. 8,564 17,234 27,248 Certificates of deposit ....... 26,638 32,899 46,824 ------- ------ ------ $38,429 55,012 81,459 ======= ====== ====== The Company reclassified approximately $2,894,000 and $3,199,000 of overdraft demand deposits to loans as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. NOW, money market demand and certificates of deposit totals include wholesale deposits of $350,760,000 as of December 31, 2009. The Company has entered into deposit transactions with its executive officers, directors, significant shareholders, and their affiliates. The aggregate amount of deposits with such related parties at December 31, 2009, and 2008 was approximately $53,082,000 and $59,343,000, respectively. 78
8. BORROWINGS Advances from the FHLB consist of the following: Totals as of Maturing in Years ending December 31, December 31, --------------------------------------------------- ----------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Thereafter 2009 2008 - ---------------------- -------- ---- ------ ---- ---- ---------- ------- ------- 0.00% to 1.00% ....... $585,282 -- -- -- -- -- 585,282 175,900 1.01% to 2.00% ....... -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- 2.01% to 3.00% ....... -- -- -- -- -- 20,000 20,000 -- 3.01% to 4.00% ....... -- -- 40,000 -- -- 100,000 140,000 116,000 4.01% to 5.00% ....... 750 207 42,000 -- -- 779 43,736 45,142 5.01% to 6.00% ....... -- -- -- -- -- 1,074 1,074 1,091 6.01% to 7.00% ....... 25 -- -- -- -- 250 275 323 -------- --- ------ --- --- ------- ------- ------- $586,057 207 82,000 -- -- 122,103 790,367 338,456 ======== === ====== === === ======= ======= ======= In addition to specifically pledged loans and investment securities, the FHLB advances are collateralized by FHLB stock owned by the Company and a blanket assignment of the unpledged qualifying loans and investments. The total amount of advances available as of December 31, 2009 was approximately $309,476,000. The weighted average fixed interest rate on these advances was 1.14 percent and 2.10 percent at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. With respect to $202,000,000 of advances at December 31, 2009, the FHLB holds put options that will be exercised on the quarterly measurement date, after the initial call date, if three month LIBOR is greater than 8%. The FHLB put options as of December 31, 2009 are summarized as follows: (Dollars in thousands) - --------------------------------------------- Interest Earliest Amount Rate Maturity Call - -------- ------------ -------- -------- $ 82,000 3.49% - 4.83% 2012 2010 75,000 3.16% - 4.64% 2015 2010 45,000 2.93% - 3.05% 2016 2010 - -------- $202,000 ======== The Company had borrowings through the FRB of $225,000,000 and $914,000,000 as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The borrowings have a weighted average fixed interest rate of 0.26 percent, mature in 2010 and are collateralized by loans and investments with an available balance of $564,414,000 as of December 31, 2009. The Company had U.S. Treasury Tax and Loan borrowings of $5,136,000 and $6,067,000 as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The borrowings as of December 31, 2009 are short term and have an interest rate of fed funds less 25 basis points and are collateralized with loans and investments with an available balance of $9,060,000. 79
9. SECURITIES SOLD UNDER AGREEMENTS TO REPURCHASE Securities sold under agreements to repurchase consist of the following at: BOOK MARKET WEIGHTED VALUE OF VALUE OF December 31, 2009 REPURCHASE AVERAGE UNDERLYING UNDERLYING (Dollars in thousands) AMOUNT FIXED RATE ASSETS ASSETS - ---------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- Securities sold under agreements to repurchase within: Overnight ................... $210,132 0.92% $210,449 206,450 Term up to 30 days .......... 410 2.75% 476 487 Term over 90 days ........... 1,964 2.34% 2,284 2,339 -------- -------- ------- $212,506 0.94% $213,209 209,276 ======== ======== ======= December 31, 2008 (Dollars in thousands) - ---------------------- Securities sold under agreements to repurchase within: Overnight ................... $186,217 1.22% $201,185 191,985 Term 30 - 90 days ........... 2,146 2.74% -- -- -------- -------- ------- $188,363 1.23% $201,185 191,985 ======== ======== ======= The securities, consisting of U.S. Agency and U.S. Government Sponsored Enterprises issued or guaranteed residential mortgage-backed securities, subject to agreements to repurchase are for the same securities originally sold, and are held in a custody account by a third party. For the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, securities sold under agreements to repurchase averaged approximately $204,503,000 and $188,952,000, respectively, and the maximum outstanding at any month end during the year was approximately $234,914,000 and $196,461,000, respectively. 80
10. SUBORDINATED DEBENTURES Trust Preferred Securities were issued by the Company's seven trust subsidiaries, the common stock of which is wholly-owned by the Company, in conjunction with the Company issuing Subordinated Debentures to the trust subsidiaries. The terms of the Subordinated Debentures are the same as the terms of the Trust Preferred Securities. The Company guaranteed the payment of distributions and payments for redemption or liquidation of the Trust Preferred Securities to the extent of funds held by the trust subsidiaries. The obligations of the Company under the Subordinated Debentures together with the guarantee and other back-up obligations, in the aggregate, constitute a full and unconditional guarantee by the Company of the obligations of all trusts under the Trust Preferred Securities. The Trust Preferred Securities are subject to mandatory redemption upon repayment of the Subordinated Debentures at their stated maturity date or the earlier redemption in an amount equal to their liquidation amount plus accumulated and unpaid distributions to the date of redemption. Interest distributions are payable quarterly. The Company may defer the payment of interest at any time from time to time for a period not exceeding 20 consecutive quarters provided that the deferral period does not extend past the stated maturity. During any such deferral period, distributions on the Trust Preferred Securities will also be deferred and the Company's ability to pay dividends on its common shares will be restricted. Subject to approval by the FRB, the Trust Preferred Securities may be redeemed at par prior to maturity at the Company's option on or after the redemption date. The Trust Preferred Securities may also be redeemed at any time in whole (but not in part) for the Trusts in the event of unfavorable changes in laws or regulations that result in (1) subsidiary trusts becoming subject to federal income tax on income received on the Subordinated Debentures, (2) interest payable by the Company on the Subordinated Debentures becoming non-deductible for federal tax purposes, (3) the requirement for the trusts to register under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or (4) loss of the ability to treat the Trust Preferred Securities as "Tier 1 Capital" under the FRB capital adequacy guidelines. The terms of the Subordinated Debentures, arranged by maturity date, are reflected in the table below. The amounts include fair value adjustments from acquisitions. Rate at December 31, Fixed/ Variable Rate Maturity Redemption (Dollars in thousands) Amount 2009 Variable Structure (1) Date Date - ---------------------- -------- ------------ ------------- -------------------- -------- ---------- First Co Trust 01 .......... $ 2,766 3.581% Variable 3 mo LIBOR plus 3.30% 07/31/31 07/31/11 First Co Trust 03 .......... 2,047 3.501% Variable 3 mo LIBOR plus 3.25% 03/26/33 03/26/08 Glacier Capital Trust II ... 46,393 3.034% Variable 3 mo LIBOR plus 2.75% 04/07/34 04/07/09 Citizens Capital Trust I ... 5,155 2.903% Variable 3 mo LIBOR plus 2.65% 06/17/34 06/17/09 Glacier Capital Trust III .. 36,083 6.078% Fixed 5 years 3 mo LIBOR plus 1.29% 04/07/36 04/07/11 Glacier Capital Trust IV ... 30,928 7.235% Fixed 5 years 3 mo LIBOR plus 1.57% 09/15/36 09/15/11 San Juan Trust I ........... 1,616 6.681% Fixed 5 years 3 mo LIBOR plus 1.82% 03/01/37 03/01/12 -------- $124,988 ======== (1) For fixed rate debentures, this will be the rate structure upon conversion to variable rate. 81
11. REGULATORY CAPITAL The FRB has adopted capital adequacy guidelines pursuant to which it assesses the adequacy of capital in supervising a bank holding company. The following table illustrates the FRB's adequacy guidelines and the Company's and bank subsidiaries' compliance with those guidelines as of December 31, 2009. Minimum Capital Well Capitalized Actual Requirement Requirement --------------- --------------- ----------------- Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio ------- ----- ------- ----- ------- ------ Tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets) Consolidated ........................ 656,880 14.02% 187,439 4.00% 281,158 6.00% Glacier ............................. 128,765 12.33% 41,781 4.00% 62,672 6.00% Mountain West ....................... 129,649 13.39% 38,728 4.00% 58,092 6.00% First Security ...................... 99,762 14.91% 26,756 4.00% 40,135 6.00% 1st Bank ............................ 58,119 14.99% 15,504 4.00% 23,256 6.00% Western ............................. 61,594 14.67% 16,794 4.00% 25,191 6.00% Big Sky ............................. 49,766 16.06% 12,393 4.00% 18,589 6.00% Valley .............................. 28,495 13.11% 8,694 4.00% 13,041 6.00% First National ...................... 29,517 15.98% 7,390 4.00% 11,084 6.00% Citizens ............................ 22,201 11.32% 7,844 4.00% 11,766 6.00% First Bank-MT ....................... 18,437 12.73% 5,794 4.00% 8,691 6.00% San Juans ........................... 17,942 11.11% 6,462 4.00% 9,693 6.00% Total capital (to risk weighted assets) Consolidated ........................ 716,498 15.29% 374,877 8.00% 468,597 10.00% Glacier ............................. 142,142 13.61% 83,562 8.00% 104,453 10.00% Mountain West ....................... 142,066 14.67% 77,456 8.00% 96,820 10.00% First Security ...................... 108,246 16.18% 53,513 8.00% 66,891 10.00% 1st Bank ............................ 63,039 16.26% 31,009 8.00% 38,761 10.00% Western ............................. 66,886 15.93% 33,588 8.00% 41,985 10.00% Big Sky ............................. 53,721 17.34% 24,786 8.00% 30,982 10.00% Valley .............................. 31,232 14.37% 17,388 8.00% 21,734 10.00% First National ...................... 31,196 16.89% 14,779 8.00% 18,474 10.00% Citizens ............................ 24,682 12.59% 15,688 8.00% 19,610 10.00% First Bank-MT ....................... 20,261 13.99% 11,588 8.00% 14,485 10.00% San Juans ........................... 19,988 12.37% 12,924 8.00% 16,155 10.00% Leverage capital (to average assets) Consolidated ........................ 656,880 11.20% 234,518 4.00% N/A N/A Glacier ............................. 128,765 10.09% 51,043 4.00% 63,803 5.00% Mountain West ....................... 129,649 10.98% 47,217 4.00% 59,021 5.00% First Security ...................... 99,762 11.32% 35,237 4.00% 44,046 5.00% 1st Bank ............................ 58,119 9.74% 23,865 4.00% 29,832 5.00% Western ............................. 61,594 10.19% 24,185 4.00% 30,231 5.00% Big Sky ............................. 49,766 13.67% 14,561 4.00% 18,201 5.00% Valley .............................. 28,495 8.57% 13,297 4.00% 16,621 5.00% First National ...................... 29,517 10.38% 11,376 4.00% 14,220 5.00% Citizens ............................ 22,201 9.62% 9,227 4.00% 11,534 5.00% First Bank-MT ....................... 18,437 9.19% 8,020 4.00% 10,026 5.00% San Juans ........................... 17,942 10.33% 6,948 4.00% 8,685 5.00% 82
11. REGULATORY CAPITAL. . . CONTINUED The following table illustrates the FRB's adequacy guidelines and the Company's and bank subsidiaries' compliance with those guidelines as of December 31, 2008: Minimum capital Well capitalized Actual requirement requirement --------------- --------------- ---------------- Amount Ratio Amount Ratio Amount Ratio ------- ----- ------- ----- ------- ----- Tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets) Consolidated ........................ 640,275 14.30% 179,117 4.00% 268,676 6.00% Glacier ............................. 119,748 11.31% 42,341 4.00% 63,512 6.00% Mountain West ....................... 101,315 10.62% 38,151 4.00% 57,226 6.00% First Security ...................... 96,800 14.29% 27,088 4.00% 40,632 6.00% 1st Bank ............................ 38,527 12.58% 12,252 4.00% 18,378 6.00% Western ............................. 59,825 13.26% 18,043 4.00% 27,065 6.00% Big Sky ............................. 38,561 11.89% 12,974 4.00% 19,462 6.00% Valley .............................. 29,269 13.65% 8,574 4.00% 12,861 6.00% Citizens ............................ 19,564 10.84% 7,217 4.00% 10,826 6.00% First Bank-MT ....................... 15,149 11.70% 5,179 4.00% 7,769 6.00% San Juans ........................... 13,490 9.26% 5,830 4.00% 8,745 6.00% Total capital (to risk weighted assets) Consolidated ........................ 696,505 15.55% 358,234 8.00% 447,793 10.00% Glacier ............................. 133,051 12.57% 84,682 8.00% 105,853 10.00% Mountain West ....................... 113,287 11.88% 76,302 8.00% 95,377 10.00% First Security ...................... 105,303 15.55% 54,176 8.00% 67,719 10.00% 1st Bank ............................ 42,370 13.83% 24,504 8.00% 30,630 10.00% Western ............................. 65,481 14.52% 36,087 8.00% 45,108 10.00% Big Sky ............................. 42,642 13.15% 25,949 8.00% 32,436 10.00% Valley .............................. 31,959 14.91% 17,148 8.00% 21,435 10.00% Citizens ............................ 21,825 12.10% 14,434 8.00% 18,043 10.00% First Bank-MT ....................... 16,772 12.95% 10,358 8.00% 12,948 10.00% San Juans ........................... 15,322 10.51% 11,660 8.00% 14,575 10.00% Leverage capital (to average assets) Consolidated ........................ 640,275 12.38% 206,812 4.00% N/A N/A Glacier ............................. 119,748 9.79% 48,929 4.00% 61,161 5.00% Mountain West ....................... 101,315 8.68% 46,707 4.00% 58,383 5.00% First Security ...................... 96,800 11.31% 34,229 4.00% 42,786 5.00% 1st Bank ............................ 38,527 8.08% 19,077 4.00% 23,847 5.00% Western ............................. 59,825 10.71% 22,335 4.00% 27,919 5.00% Big Sky ............................. 38,561 11.62% 13,272 4.00% 16,589 5.00% Valley .............................. 29,269 9.11% 12,846 4.00% 16,058 5.00% Citizens ............................ 19,564 9.46% 8,274 4.00% 10,343 5.00% First Bank-MT ....................... 15,149 10.17% 5,961 4.00% 7,451 5.00% San Juans ........................... 13,490 9.66% 5,586 4.00% 6,982 5.00% N/A - not applicable The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act generally restricts a depository institution from making any capital distribution (including payment of a dividend) or paying any management fee to its bank holding company if the institution would thereafter be capitalized at less than 8 percent total capital (to risk weighted assets), 4 percent tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets), or a 4 percent tier 1 capital (to average assets). At December 31, 2009 and 2008, each of the bank subsidiaries' capital measures exceed the highest supervisory threshold, which requires total capital (to risk weighted assets) of at least 10 percent, tier 1 capital (to risk weighted assets) of at least 6 percent, and a leverage capital (to average assets) of at least 5 percent. 83
11. REGULATORY CAPITAL. . . CONTINUED Each of the bank subsidiaries was considered well capitalized by the respective regulator as of December 31, 2009 and 2008. There are no conditions or events since year end that management believes have changed the Company's or subsidiaries' risk-based capital category. In addition to the minimum regulatory capital requirements, certain bank subsidiaries have added regulatory capital requirements of which they are in compliance as of December 31, 2009. Current guidance from the Federal Reserve provides, among other things, that dividends per share on the Company's common stock generally should not exceed earnings per share, measured over the previous four fiscal quarters. The bank subsidiaries are subject to certain restrictions on the amount of dividends that they may declare without prior regulatory approval. At December 31, 2009, $71,537,000 of retained earnings at the bank subsidiaries is available to the parent company without regulatory approval. 12. FEDERAL AND STATE INCOME TAXES The following is a summary of consolidated income tax expense for: Years ended December 31, --------------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 2007 - ---------------------- -------- ------- ------ Current: Federal .......................... $ 26,557 37,373 29,016 State ............................ 7,189 8,271 6,491 -------- ------- ------ Total current tax expense ..... 33,746 45,644 35,507 ======== ======= ====== Deferred: Federal .......................... (24,656) (9,979) (348) State ............................ (5,099) (2,064) (72) -------- ------- ------ Total deferred tax benefit .... (29,755) (12,043) (420) -------- ------- ------ Total income tax expense ... $ 3,991 33,601 35,087 ======== ======= ====== Combined federal and state income tax expense differs from that computed at the federal statutory corporate tax rate as follows for: Years ended December 31, ------------------------ 2009 2008 2007 ------- ---- ---- Federal statutory rate ........................... 35.0% 35.0% 35.0% State taxes, net of federal income tax benefit ... 3.8% 4.1% 4.0% Tax-exempt interest income ....................... -21.0% -4.9% -4.4% Tax credits ...................................... -3.3% -0.1% 0.0% Bargain purchase gain ............................ -3.2% 0.0% 0.0% Other, net ....................................... -0.9% -0.2% -0.8% ---- ---- ---- 10.4% 33.9% 33.8% ==== ==== ==== 84
12. FEDERAL AND STATE INCOME TAXES . . . CONTINUED The tax effect of temporary differences which give rise to a significant portion of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are as follows: December 31, ------------------ (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 - ---------------------- -------- ------- Deferred tax assets: Allowance for loan and lease losses .................. $ 56,067 30,061 Non-accrual interest ................................. 4,524 1,652 Stock based compensation ............................. 3,612 3,100 Impairment of equity securities (FHLMC & FNMA) ....... 2,976 2,976 Deferred compensation ................................ 2,877 2,896 Employee benefits .................................... 2,046 1,617 Available-for-sale securities ........................ 224 803 Other ................................................ 1,539 671 -------- ------- Total gross deferred tax assets .................. 73,865 43,776 -------- ------- Deferred tax liabilities: Federal Home Loan Bank stock dividends ............... (10,234) (10,012) Intangibles .......................................... (8,352) (7,897) Fixed assets, due to differences in depreciation ..... (7,704) (6,393) Deferred loan costs .................................. (4,338) (3,768) Other ................................................ (2,155) (1,414) -------- ------- Total gross deferred tax liabilities ............. (32,783) (29,484) -------- ------- Net deferred tax asset ......................... $ 41,082 14,292 ======== ====== The Company and its bank subsidiaries join together in the filing of consolidated income tax returns in the following jurisdictions: federal, Montana, Idaho, Colorado and Utah. Although 1st Bank and First National have operations in Wyoming and Mountain has operations in Washington, neither Wyoming nor Washington imposes a corporate-level income tax. All required income tax returns have been timely filed. The following schedule summarizes the years that remain subject to examination: Years ended December 31, ------------------------------------- Federal 2006, 2007 and 2008 Montana 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 Idaho 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 Colorado 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008 Utah 2006, 2007 and 2008 During 2009, the Company made investments in CDE's which received NMTC allocations. Administered by the Community Development Financial Institutions Fund of the U.S. Department of the Treasury, the NMTC program is aimed at stimulating economic and community development and job creation in low-income communities. The federal income tax credits received are claimed over a seven-year credit allowance period. In addition to previous LIHTC investments, during the third quarter 2009, the Company made another investment in a LIHTC. The LIHTC is an indirect Federal subsidy used to finance the development of affordable rental housing for low-income households. The federal income tax credits received are claimed over a ten-year credit allowance period. During the year, the Company invested in Qualified Zone Academy and Qualified School Construction bonds whereby the Company receives quarterly federal income tax credits until the bonds mature. The federal income tax credits on the bonds are subject to federal and state income tax. 85
12. FEDERAL AND STATE INCOME TAXES . . . CONTINUED Following is a list of expected federal income tax credits to be received in the years indicated. New Low-Income Investment Years ended Market Housing Securities (Dollars in thousands) Tax Credits Tax Credits Tax Credits - --------------------- ----------- ----------- ----------- 2010 1,530 337 536 2011 1,530 785 541 2012 1,836 785 541 2013 1,836 785 541 2014 1,836 785 541 Thereafter 1,836 3,324 3,834 ------- ----- ----- $10,404 6,801 6,534 ======= ===== ===== In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes, the Company determined its unrecognized tax benefit to be $0 and $152,000 as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amounts of unrecognized tax benefits is as follows: (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 - ---------------------- ----- ---- Balance at beginning of period .............................. $ 152 210 Reduction of unrecognized tax benefits for expired periods .. (152) (58) ----- ---- Balance at end of period .................................... $ -- 152 ===== ==== The Company recognizes interest related to unrecognized income tax benefits in interest expense and penalties are recognized in other expense. During the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company recognized $0 interest expense and recognized $0 penalty with respect to income tax liabilities. The Company had approximately $0 and $37,000 accrued for the payment of interest at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The Company had accrued $0 for the payment of penalties at December 31, 2009 and 2008. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance, if based on the weight of available evidence, it is more-likely-than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. The term more-likely-than not means a likelihood of more than 50 percent. The Company has assessed the need for a valuation allowance and determined that a valuation allowance is not necessary at December 31, 2009 and 2008. The Company believes that it is more likely than not that the Company's deferred tax assets will be realized by offsetting taxable income in carryback years, and by offsetting future taxable income from reversing taxable temporary differences and anticipated future taxable income (exclusive of reversing temporary differences). In its assessment, the Company considered its strong earnings history, no history of tax credit carryforwards expiring unused, and no future net operating losses (for tax purposes) expected for any bank subsidiary. Retained earnings at December 31, 2009 includes approximately $3,600,000 for which no provision for federal income tax has been made. This amount represents the base year federal reserve for bad debt, which is essentially an allocation of earnings to pre-1988 bad debt deductions for income tax purposes only. This amount is treated as a permanent difference and deferred taxes are not recognized unless it appears that this bad debt reserve will be reduced and thereby result in taxable income in the foreseeable future. The Company is not currently contemplating any changes in its business or operations which would result in a recapture of this federal reserve for bad debt into taxable income. 86
13. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS The Company has a profit sharing plan that is subject to a "safe harbor" provision requiring an annual 3 percent non-elective contribution by the Company. The Company amended the plan during 2009, retaining the same safe harbor contribution and modifying the 401(k) match to be discretionary. To be considered eligible for the plan, an employee must be 21 year of age and have been employed for a full calendar quarter. In addition, elective contributions, depending on the Company's profitability, may be made to the plan. To be considered eligible for the elective contributions, an employee must be 21 years of age, worked 501 hours in the plan year and be employed as of the last day of the plan year. Entry dates for the profit sharing plan are the first day of the plan year and first day of the fourth, seventh, and tenth months. Participants are at all times fully vested in all contributions. The total profit sharing plan expense for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 was approximately $2,149,000, $3,034,000 and $3,964,000 respectively. The Company also has an employees' savings plan. The plan allows eligible employees to contribute up to 60 percent of their eligible annual compensation. Currently, the Company matches an amount equal to 50 percent of the employee's contribution, up to 6 percent of the employee's eligible compensation. Entry dates for the employees' savings plan are the first day of the plan year and first day of the fourth, seventh, and tenth months. Participants are at all times fully vested in all contributions. The Company's contribution to the savings plan for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was approximately $1,538,000, $1,445,000, and $1,333,000, respectively. The Company has a non-funded deferred compensation plan for directors and senior officers. The plan provides for the deferral of cash payments of up to 50 percent of a participants' salary, and for 100 percent of bonuses and directors fees, at the election of the participant. The total amount deferred was approximately $408,000, $461,000, and $543,000, for the years ending December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. The participant receives an earnings credit at a rate equal to 50 percent of the Company's return on equity. The total earnings for the years ended 2009, 2008, and 2007 for this plan were approximately $124,000, $261,000, and $259,000, respectively. In connection with several acquisitions, the Company assumed the obligations of deferred compensation plans for certain key employees. As of December 31, 2009, the liability related to the obligations was approximately $1,500,000 and was included in other liabilities of the Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition. The amount expensed related to the obligations during 2009 was insignificant. The Company has a Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan ("SERP") which is intended to supplement payments due to participants upon retirement under the Company's other qualified plans. The Company credits the participant's account on annual basis for an amount equal to employer contributions that would have otherwise been allocated to the participant's account under the tax-qualified plans were it not for limitations imposed by the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS"), or the participation in the non-funded deferred compensation plan. Eligible employees include participants of the non-funded deferred compensation plan and employees whose benefits were limited as a result of IRS regulations. The Company's required contribution to the SERP for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was approximately $20,000, $31,000, and $70,000, respectively. The participant receives an earnings credit at a rate equal to 50 percent of the Company's return on equity. The total earnings for the years ended 2009, 2008, and 2007 for this plan were approximately $24,000, $50,000, and $52,000, respectively. The Company has elected to self-insure certain costs related to employee health and dental benefit programs. Costs resulting from noninsured losses are expensed as incurred. The Company has purchased insurance that limits its exposure on an aggregate and individual claims basis for the employee health and dental benefit programs. The Company has entered into employment contracts with 16 senior officers that provide benefits under certain conditions following a change in control of the Company. 87
14. EARNINGS PER SHARE The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share: Years Ended December 31, ------------------------------------- 2009 2008 2007 ----------- ---------- ---------- Net earnings available to common stockholders, basic and diluted .... $34,374,000 65,657,000 68,603,000 Average outstanding shares - basic .... 61,529,944 54,851,145 53,236,489 Add: Dilutive stock options ........... 1,696 152,669 511,909 ----------- ---------- ---------- Average outstanding shares - diluted .. 61,531,640 55,003,814 53,748,398 =========== ========== ========== Basic earnings per share .............. $ 0.56 1.20 1.29 =========== ========== ========== Diluted earnings per share ............ $ 0.56 1.19 1.28 =========== ========== ========== There were approximately 2,717,000, 1,421,000, and 701,000 options excluded from the diluted share calculation for December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively, due to the option exercise price exceeding the market price of the Company's common stock. 15. STOCK OPTION PLANS The Company has stock-based compensation plans outstanding. The Directors 1994 Stock Option Plan was approved to provide for the grant of stock options to outside Directors of the Company. The Directors 1994 Stock Option Plan expired in March of 2009 and has granted but unexpired stock options outstanding. The Employees 1995 Stock Option Plan was approved to provide the grant of stock options to certain full-time employees of the Company. The Employees 1995 Stock Option Plan expired in April 2005 and has granted but unexpired stock options outstanding. The 2005 Stock Incentive Plan provides awards to certain full-time employees and directors of the Company. The 2005 Stock Incentive Plan permits the granting of stock options, share appreciation rights, restricted shares, restricted share units, and unrestricted shares, deferred share units, and performance awards. Upon exercise of the stock options, the shares are obtained from the authorized and unissued stock. The 1994, 1995, and 2005 plans also contain provisions authorizing the grant of limited stock rights, which permit the optionee, upon a change in control of the Company, to surrender his or her stock options for cancellation and receive cash or common stock equal to the difference between the exercise price and the fair market value of the shares on the date of the grant. The option price at which the Company's common stock may be purchased upon exercise of stock options granted under the plans must be at least equal to the per share market value of such stock at the date the option is granted. All stock option shares are adjusted for stock splits and stock dividends. The term of the stock options may not exceed five years from the date the options are granted. The employee stock options generally vest over a period of two years and the director options vest over a period of six months. Compensation cost is based on the fair value of the stock options at the grant date. Additionally, the compensation cost for the portion of awards outstanding for which the requisite service has not been rendered that are outstanding as of the required effective date are recognized as the requisite service is rendered on or after the required effective date. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2009, the compensation cost for the stock option plans was $1,842,000, with a corresponding income tax benefit of $726,000, resulting in a net earnings and cash flow from operations reduction of $1,116,000, or a decrease of $.02 per share for both basic and diluted earnings per share. Additionally, in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, the excess tax benefit from stock options decreased the net cash provided from operating activities and increased the net cash provided by financing activities by $75,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2009. Total unrecognized compensation cost, net of income tax benefit, related to non-vested awards which are expected to be recognized over the next weighted period of 1 year was $958,000 as of December 31, 2009. The total fair value of shares vested for the year ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 was $3,334,000 and $3,596,000, respectively. 88
15. STOCK OPTION PLANS . . . CONTINUED The per share weighted-average fair value of stock options on the date of grant was based on the Black Scholes option-pricing model. The Company uses historical data to estimate option exercise and termination within the valuation model. Employee and director awards, which have dissimilar historical exercise behavior, are considered separately for valuation purposes. The risk-free interest rate for periods within the contractual life of the stock option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield in effect at the time of the grant. The stock option awards generally vest upon six months or two years of service for directors and employees, respectively, and generally expire in five years. Expected volatilities are based on historical volatility and other factors. The following lists the various assumptions and fair value of the grants awarded during the year. Options Granted During --------------------- 2009 2008 2007 ----- ----- ----- Fair value of stock options - Black Scholes .... $4.26 $3.56 $5.05 Expected volatility ............................ 44% 29% 26% Expected dividends ............................. 2.74% 2.30% 2.12% Risk free interest rate ........................ 1.40% 2.49% 4.80% Expected life .................................. 3.47 3.46 3.47 At December 31, 2009, total shares available for stock option grants to employees and directors are 2,716,109. Changes in shares granted for stock options for the year ended December 31, 2009 are summarized as follows: Weighted Average Exercise Options Price --------- -------- Outstanding at December 31, 2008 ..... 2,628,609 $19.73 Canceled ............................. (185,144) 18.41 Granted .............................. 440,715 15.37 Exercised ............................ (188,535) 13.55 --------- Outstanding at December 31, 2009 ..... 2,695,645 19.52 ========= Excercisable at December 31, 2009 .... 1,862,865 20.67 ========= The range of exercise prices on options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2009 is as follows: Options Exercisable ---------------------------- Weighted Weighted Weighted Options Average Average Options Average Price Range Outstanding Exercise Price Life of Options Exercisable Exercise Price - ----------- ----------- -------------- --------------- ----------- -------------- $13.91 -$18.19 1,346,245 $16.65 3.2 years 514,465 $16.73 $18.74 - $24.73 1,349,400 22.47 1.7 years 1,348,400 22.47 --------- --------- 2,695,645 19.52 2.6 years 1,862,865 20.67 ========= ========= 89
16. PARENT COMPANY INFORMATION (CONDENSED) The following condensed financial information is the unconsolidated (parent company only) information for the Company: STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION December 31, ------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 - ---------------------- --------- ------- Assets: Cash ......................................... $ 565 1,036 Interest bearing cash deposits ............... 17,764 97,221 --------- ------- Cash and cash equivalents ................. 18,329 98,257 ========= ======= Investment securities, available-for-sale .... 1,111 -- Other assets ................................. 15,319 14,443 Investment in subsidiaries ................... 797,180 702,183 --------- ------- $ 831,939 814,883 ========= ======= Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity: Dividends payable ............................ $ 8,011 7,973 Subordinated debentures ...................... 124,988 121,037 Other liabilities ............................ 13,050 8,933 --------- ------- Total liabilities ........................ 146,049 137,943 Common stock ................................. 616 613 Paid-in capital .............................. 497,493 491,794 Retained earnings ............................ 188,129 185,776 Accumulated other comprehensive loss ......... (348) (1,243) --------- ------- Total stockholders' equity ................ 685,890 676,940 --------- ------- $ 831,939 814,883 ========= ======= STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS Years ended December 31, ------------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 2007 - ---------------------- ------- ------ ------ Revenues: Dividends from subsidiaries ....................................... $24,300 20,500 40,550 Other income ...................................................... 2,775 747 889 Intercompany charges for services ................................. 13,108 12,656 11,345 ------- ------ ------ Total revenues ................................................. 40,183 33,903 52,784 Expenses: Employee compensation and benefits ................................ 7,793 7,769 7,564 Other operating expenses .......................................... 12,845 13,044 12,969 ------- ------ ------ Total expenses ................................................. 20,638 20,813 20,533 Earnings before income tax benefit and equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries ....................................... 19,545 13,090 32,251 Income tax benefit ................................................ 1,942 1,952 4,444 ------- ------ ------ Income before equity in undistributed earnings of subsidiaries .... 21,487 15,042 36,695 Subsidiary earnings in excess of dividends distributed ............ 12,887 50,615 31,908 ------- ------ ------ Net earnings ......................................................... $34,374 65,657 68,603 ======= ====== ====== 90
16. PARENT COMPANY INFORMATION (CONDENSED)...CONTINUED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS Years ended December 31, ----------------------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 2007 - ---------------------- -------- -------- ------- Operating activities: Net earnings ...................................................... $ 34,374 65,657 68,603 Adjustments to reconcile net earnings to net cash provided by operating activities: Subsidiary earnings in excess of dividends distributed ............ (12,887) (50,615) (31,908) Gain on sale of investments ....................................... (2,147) -- -- Excess tax benefits related to the exercise of stock options ...... (75) (1,325) (1,745) Net increase in other assets and other liabilities ................ 1,356 3,411 5,316 -------- ------- ------- Net cash provided by operating activities ............................ 20,621 17,128 40,266 -------- ------- ------- Investing activities: Proceeds from sales, maturities and prepayments of securities available-for-sale .................................. 2,267 1,270 -- Purchases of investment securities available-for-sale ............. (285) -- -- Equity contribution to subsidiary banks ........................... (68,753) (15,455) (10,416) Net addition of premises and equipment ............................ (4,451) (2,741) (3,401) -------- ------- ------- Net cash used by investing activities ................................ (71,222) (16,926) (13,817) -------- ------- ------- Financing activities: Net increase in other borrowed funds .............................. 65 -- -- Cash dividends paid ............................................... (32,021) (29,079) (26,694) Excess tax benefits from stock options ............................ 75 1,325 1,745 Proceeds from exercise of stock options and other stock issued .... 2,554 103,749 6,154 -------- ------- ------- Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities .................. (29,327) 75,995 (18,795) -------- ------- ------- Net increase in cash and cash equivalents ............................ (79,928) 76,197 7,654 Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year ....................... 98,257 22,060 14,406 -------- ------- ------- Cash and cash equivalents at end of year ............................. $ 18,329 98,257 22,060 ======== ======= ======= 17. UNAUDITED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA Summarized unaudited quarterly financial data is as follows: QUARTERS ENDED, 2009 ------------------------------------------------------------- (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) MARCH 31 JUNE 30 SEPTEMBER 30 DECEMBER 31 - --------------------------------------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- Interest income .............................. $ 75,532 74,420 74,430 78,112 Interest expense ............................. 15,154 13,939 13,801 14,273 ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- Net interest income .......................... 60,378 60,481 60,629 63,839 Gain on investments .......................... -- -- 2,667 3,328 Provision for loan losses .................... 15,715 25,140 47,050 36,713 Earnings (loss) before income taxes .......... 22,414 13,696 (6,617) 8,872 Net earnings (loss) .......................... 15,779 10,652 (1,531) 9,474 Basic earnings (loss) per share .............. 0.26 0.17 (0.02 0.15 Diluted earnings (loss) per share ............ 0.26 0.17 (0.02 0.15 Dividends per share .......................... 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 Market range high-low ........................ $19.36-$12.15 $18.97-$14.67 $16.80-$12.92 $14.62-$11.92 91
17. UNAUDITED QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA...CONTINUED Quarters ended, 2008 ------------------------------------------------------------- (Dollars in thousands, except per share data) March 31 June 30 September 30 December 31 - --------------------------------------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- Interest income .............................. $ 76,016 74,573 75,689 76,707 Interest expense ............................. 27,387 22,273 22,113 18,599 ------------- ------------- ------------- ------------- Net interest income .......................... 48,629 52,300 53,576 58,108 Gain (loss) on investments ................... 248 -- (7,593) -- Provision for loan losses .................... 2,500 5,042 8,715 12,223 Earnings before income taxes ................. 26,778 28,196 18,854 25,430 Net earnings ................................. 17,399 18,459 12,785 17,014 Basic earnings per share ..................... 0.32 0.35 0.23 0.30 Diluted earnings per share ................... 0.32 0.34 0.24 0.29 Dividends per share .......................... 0.13 0.13 0.13 0.13 Market range high-low ........................ $20.48-$15.54 $21.78-$15.99 $27.72-$14.46 $25.36-$14.12 18. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, requires the Company to disclose information relating to fair value. Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Standard establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value: Level 1 Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities Level 2 Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities Level 3 Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities The following are the assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis at and for the period ended December 31, 2009 and 2008: ASSETS/ QUOTED PRICES SIGNIFICANT LIABILITIES IN ACTIVE MARKETS OTHER SIGNIFICANT MEASURED AT FOR IDENTICAL OBSERVABLE UNOBSERVABLE FAIR VALUE ASSETS INPUTS INPUTS (Dollars in thousands) 12/31/2009 (LEVEL 1) (LEVEL 2) (LEVEL 3) - ---------------------- ----------- ----------------- ----------- ------------ Financial assets: U.S. government agencies ...................... $ 209 -- 209 -- Government sponsored enterprises .............. 177 -- 177 -- State and local governments and other issues .. 480,976 -- 478,888 2,088 Collateralized debt obligations ............... 6,789 -- -- 6,789 Residential mortgage-backed securities ........ 955,042 -- 953,931 1,111 ---------- --- --------- ----- Total financial assets .................... $1,443,193 -- 1,433,205 9,988 ========== === ========= ===== 92
18. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS...CONTINUED Assets/ Quoted Prices Significant Liabilities in Active Markets Other Significant Measured at for Identical Observable Unobservable Fair Value Assets Inputs Inputs (Dollars in thousands) 12/31/2008 (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) - ---------------------- ----------- ----------------- ----------- ------------ Financial assets: U.S. government agencies ......................... $ 217 -- 217 -- Government sponsored enterprises ................. 312 -- 312 -- State and local governments and other issues ..... 418,143 -- 417,859 284 Collateralized debt obligations .................. 15,540 -- -- 15,540 Residential mortgage-backed securities ........... 494,470 -- 486,873 7,597 -------- --- ------- ------ Total financial assets ....................... $928,682 -- 905,261 23,421 ======== === ======= ====== The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis. There have been no significant changes in the valuation techniques during the period. Investment securities - fair value for available-for-sale securities is estimated by obtaining quoted market prices for identical assets, where available. If such prices are not available, fair value is based on independent asset pricing services and models, the inputs of which are market-based or independently sourced market parameters, including, but not limited to, yield curves, interest rates, volatilities, prepayments, defaults, cumulative loss projections, and cash flows. For those securities where greater reliance on unobservable inputs occurs, such securities are classified as Level 3 within the hierarchy. The following is a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the periods ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. December 31, ---------------- (Dollars in thousands) 2009 2008 - ---------------------- ------- ------ Balance at beginning of year ..................................... $23,421 16,948 Total unrealized gains included in other comprehensive income .... (7,264) (747) Amortization, accretion or principal payments .................... (539) (377) Purchases ........................................................ 2,251 -- Transfers into level 3 ........................................... -- 7,597 Transfers out of level 3 ......................................... (7,881) -- ------- ------ Balance at end of year ........................................... $ 9,988 23,421 ======= ====== The change in unrealized gains (losses) related to available-for-sale securities is reported in the accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). 93
18. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS...CONTINUED Certain financial assets or liabilities are not measured at fair value on a recurring basis, but are subject to fair value measurement in certain circumstances, for example upon acquisition or when there is evidence of impairment. The following are the assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2009 and 2008: QUOTED PRICES IN ACTIVE ASSETS/ MARKETS SIGNIFICANT LIABILITIES FOR OTHER SIGNIFICANT MEASURED AT IDENTICAL OBSERVABLE UNOBSERVABLE FAIR VALUE ASSETS INPUTS INPUTS (Dollars in thousands) 12/31/2009 (LEVEL 1) (LEVEL 2) (LEVEL 3) - ----------------------- ----------- --------- ----------- ------------ Financial assets: Real estate and other assets owned, net .... $ 57,320 -- -- 57,320 Impaired loans, net of allowance for loan and lease ...................... 198,982 -- -- 198,982 -------- --- --- ------- Total financial assets .................. $256,302 -- -- 256,302 ======== === === ======= Assets/ Quoted Prices Significant Liabilities in Active Markets Other Significant Measured at for Identical Observable Unobservable Fair Value Assets Inputs Inputs (Dollars in thousands) 12/31/2008 (Level 1) (Level 2) (Level 3) - ---------------------- ----------- ----------------- ----------- ------------ Financial assets: Real estate and other assets owned, net .... $11,539 -- -- 11,539 Impaired loans, net of allowance for loan and lease ...................... 71,950 -- -- 71,950 ------- --- --- ------ Total financial assets .................. $83,489 -- -- 83,489 ======= === === ====== The following is a description of the valuation methodologies used for financial assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. There have been no significant changes in the valuation techniques during the period. Real estate and other assets owned, net - real estate and other assets owned are carried at the lower of fair value at acquisition date or current estimated fair value, less estimated cost to sell. Estimated fair value of real estate and other assets owned is based on appraisals. Real estate and other assets owned are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Impaired loans, net of ALLL - loans included in the Company's financials for which it is probable that the Company will not collect all principal and interest due according to contractual terms are considered impaired in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 310, Receivables. Allowable methods for estimating fair value include using the fair value of the collateral for collateral dependent loans or, where a loan is determined not to be collateral dependent, using the discounted cash flow method. Impaired loans are primarily collateral-dependent and the estimated fair value is based on the fair value of the collateral. Impaired loans are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. 94
18. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS...CONTINUED The following presents the carrying amounts and estimated fair values in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments, as of December 31, 2009 and 2008. DECEMBER 31, 2009 December 31, 2008 ----------------------- ---------------------- (Dollars in thousands) AMOUNT FAIR VALUE Amount Fair Value - ---------------------- ---------- ---------- --------- ---------- Financial assets: Cash on hand and in banks ..................................... $ 120,731 120,731 125,123 125,123 Federal funds sold ............................................ 87,155 87,155 6,480 6,480 Interest bearing cash deposits ................................ 2,689 2,689 3,652 3,652 Investment securities ......................................... 488,775 488,775 434,677 434,677 Residential mortgage-backed securities ........................ 955,042 955,042 494,470 494,470 FHLB and FRB stock ............................................ 62,577 62,577 60,945 60,945 Loans receivable, net of allowance for loan and lease losses .. 3,987,318 3,989,168 4,053,454 4,064,215 Accrued interest receivable ................................... 29,729 29,729 28,777 28,777 ---------- --------- --------- --------- Total financial assets ..................................... $5,734,016 5,735,866 5,207,578 5,218,339 ========== ========= ========= ========= Financial liabilities: Deposits ...................................................... $4,100,152 4,111,909 3,262,475 3,273,076 Advances from Federal Home Loan Bank .......................... 790,367 798,509 338,456 344,597 Federal Reserve Bank discount window .......................... 225,000 225,000 914,000 914,000 Repurchase agreements and other borrowed funds ................ 226,251 226,271 196,731 196,749 Subordinated debentures ....................................... 124,988 80,473 121,037 63,840 Accrued interest payable ...................................... 7,928 7,928 9,751 9,751 ---------- --------- --------- --------- Total financial liabilities ................................ $5,474,686 5,450,090 4,842,450 4,802,013 ========== ========= ========= ========= The following is a description of the methods used to estimate the fair value of all other financial instruments recognized at amounts other than fair value. Financial Assets The estimated fair value of cash, federal funds sold, interest bearing cash deposits, and accrued interest receivable is the book value of such financial assets. The estimated fair value of FHLB and FRB stock is book value due to the restrictions that such stock may only be sold to another member institution or the FHLB or FRB at par value. Loans receivable, net of ALLL - fair value for unimpaired loans, net of ALLL, is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using the rates at which similar notes would be written for the same remaining maturities. Impaired loans are primarily collateral-dependent and the estimated fair value is based on the fair value of the collateral. Financial Liabilities The estimated fair value of accrued interest payable is the book value of such financial liabilities. Deposits - fair value of term deposits is estimated by discounting the future cash flows using rates of similar deposits with similar maturities. The estimated fair value of demand, NOW, savings, and money market deposits is the book value since rates are regularly adjusted to market rates. 95
18. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS...CONTINUED Advances from FHLB - fair value of advances is estimated based on borrowing rates currently available to the Company for advances with similar terms and maturities. FRB borrowings - fair value of borrowings through the FRB is estimated based on borrowing rates currently available to the Company through FRB discount window programs with similar terms and maturities. Repurchase agreements and other borrowed funds - fair value of term repurchase agreements and other term borrowings is estimated based on current repurchase rates and borrowing rates currently available to the Company for repurchases and borrowings with similar terms and maturities. The estimated fair value for overnight repurchase agreements and other borrowings is book value. Subordinated debentures - fair value of the subordinated debt is estimated by discounting the estimated future cash flows using current estimated market rates for subordinated debt issuances with similar characteristics. Off-balance sheet financial instruments - commitments to extend credit and letters of credit represent the principal categories of off-balance sheet financial instruments. Rates for these commitments are set at time of loan closing, such that no adjustment is necessary to reflect these commitments at market value. See Note 4 to consolidated financial statements. 19. CONTINGENCIES AND COMMITMENTS The Company leases certain land, premises and equipment from third parties under operating and capital leases. Total rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 was approximately $3,306,000, $2,561,000, and $2,099,000, respectively. Amortization of building capital lease assets is included in depreciation. One of the Company's subsidiaries has entered into lease transactions with two of its directors and the related party rent expense for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 was approximately $703,000, $476,000, and $346,000. The total future minimum rental commitments required under operating and capital leases that have initial or remaining noncancelable lease terms in excess of one year at December 31, 2009 are as follows: Capital Operating (Dollars in thousands) Leases Leases Total - ---------------------- ------- --------- ------ Years ended December 31, 2010 $ 231 2,912 3,143 2011 233 2,621 2,854 2012 235 2,130 2,365 2013 238 1,902 2,140 2014 838 1,739 2,577 Thereafter 1,341 9,533 10,874 ------ ------ ------ Total minimum lease payments 3,116 20,837 23,953 ====== ====== Less: Amount representing interest 1,079 ------ Present value of minimum lease payments 2,037 Less: Current portion of obligations under capital leases 74 Long-term portion of obligations under capital leases $1,963 ====== The Company is a defendant in legal proceedings arising in the normal course of business. In the opinion of management, the disposition of pending litigation will not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity. 96
20. ACQUISITIONS On October 2, 2009, the Company acquired First Company and its bank subsidiary, First National, with total assets of $272,280,000, loans of $160,538,000 and deposits of $236,529,000. The purchase price included core deposit intangible of $4,040,000. The acquisition resulted in a $3,482,000 one-time bargain purchase gain recorded in other income which was based on the estimated fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed. On December 1, 2008, the Company acquired Bank of the San Juans Bancorporation and its bank subsidiary, San Juans, with total assets of $157,155,000, loans of $139,376,000 and deposits of $119,019,000. The purchase price included core deposit intangible of $2,101,000 and goodwill of $5,958,000. Adjustment of the allocated acquisition price may be related to fair value estimates for which all information has not been obtained on the acquired entity known or discovered during the allocation period, the period of time required to identify and measure the fair values of the assets and liabilities acquired in the business combination. 21. OPERATING SEGMENT INFORMATION FASB ASC Topic 280, Segment Reporting, requires that a public business enterprise report financial and descriptive information about its reportable operating segments. Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise about which separate financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision makers in deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing performance. The Company defines operating segments and evaluates segment performance internally based on individual bank charters. If required, VIEs are consolidated into the operating segment which invested into such entities. On February 1, 2009, Morgan merged into 1st Bank resulting in operations being conducted under the 1st Bank charter. On April 30, 2008, Whitefish merged into Glacier with operations conducted under the Glacier charter. The five bank subsidiaries acquired as a result of the acquisition of CDC included Citizens State Bank, First Citizens Bank of Billings, First National Bank of Lewistown, Western Bank of Chinook, and First Citizens Bank, N.A. On January 26, 2007, Citizens State Bank, First Citizens Bank of Billings, and First Citizens Bank, N.A. were merged into First Security, Western, and Glacier, respectively. On June 21, 2007, Western Bank of Chinook merged into First National Bank of Lewistown and renamed First Bank of Montana. Prior period activity of the merged banks has been combined and included in the acquiring bank subsidiaries' historical results. The accounting policies of the individual operating segments are the same as those of the Company described in Note 1. Transactions between operating segments are conducted at fair value, resulting in profits that are eliminated for reporting consolidated results of operations. Intersegment revenues primarily represents interest income on intercompany borrowings, management fees, and data processing fees received by individual banks or the parent company. Intersegment revenues, expenses and assets are eliminated in order to report results in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Expenses for centrally provided services are allocated based on the estimated usage of those services. 97
21. OPERATING SEGMENT INFORMATION . . . CONTINUED The following is a summary of selected operating segment information for the years ended and as of December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007. 2009 Mountain First 1st (Dollars in thousands) Glacier West Security Bank Western Big Sky Valley - ---------------------- ---------- --------- -------- -------- ------- ------- ------- Net interest income ..................... $ 57,139 53,302 35,788 24,057 21,233 15,700 14,051 Provision for loan losses ............... (32,000) (50,500) (10,450) (10,800) (3,200) (9,200) (1,200) ---------- --------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses .. 25,139 2,802 25,338 13,257 18,033 6,500 12,851 Non-interest income ..................... 15,387 27,882 8,103 4,628 8,631 3,564 5,717 Core deposit amortization ............... (330) (184) (468) (652) (571) (23) (42) Other non-interest expense .............. (27,325) (51,525) (18,897) (14,943) (16,342) (8,441) (9,229) ---------- --------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Earnings before income taxes ............ 12,871 (21,025) 14,076 2,290 9,751 1,600 9,297 Income tax (expense) benefit ............ (2,803) 9,764 (3,372) (309) (2,813) (121) (2,740) ---------- --------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Net income (loss) ....................... $ 10,068 (11,261) 10,704 1,981 6,938 1,479 6,557 ========== ========= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= Assets .................................. $1,325,039 1,172,331 890,672 650,072 624,077 368,571 351,228 Loans, net of ALLL ...................... 903,276 919,901 548,471 286,019 314,613 260,433 182,916 Goodwill ................................ 8,900 23,159 18,582 41,718 22,311 1,752 1,770 Deposits ................................ 726,403 793,006 588,858 421,271 504,619 184,278 211,935 Stockholders' equity .................... 139,799 146,720 120,044 101,789 85,259 51,614 30,585 First First Bank- San National Citizens MT Juans Parent Eliminations Consolidated -------- -------- ------- ------- ------- ------------ ------------ Net interest income ..................... $ 3,964 10,437 7,900 245,327 8,021 (6,265) -- Provision for loan losses ............... (1,683) (2,800) (985) (1,800) -- -- (124,618) -------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------- --------- Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses .. 2,281 7,637 6,915 6,221 (6,265) -- 120,709 Non-interest income ..................... 4,187 4,235 929 1,329 52,466 (50,584) 86,474 Core deposit amortization ............... (144) (111) (358) (233) -- -- (3,116) Other non-interest expense .............. (2,011) (7,992) (3,189) (5,435) (13,769) 13,396 (165,702) -------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------- --------- Earnings before income taxes ............ 4,313 3,769 4,297 1,882 32,432 (37,188) 38,365 Income tax (expense) benefit ............ (230) (1,332) (1,426) (551) 1,942 -- (3,991) -------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------- --------- Net income .............................. $ 4,083 2,437 2,871 34,374 (37,188) 34,374 1,331 ======== ======= ======= ======= ======= ======== ========= Assets .................................. $295,953 241,807 217,379 184,528 832,916 (962,778) 6,191,795 Loans, net of ALLL ...................... 151,379 161,182 114,113 145,015 -- -- 3,987,318 Goodwill ................................ -- 9,553 12,556 5,958 -- -- 146,259 Deposits ................................ 247,256 159,763 143,552 148,474 -- (29,263) 4,100,152 Stockholders' equity .................... 31,364 31,969 32,627 25,410 685,890 (797,180) 685,890 98
21. OPERATING SEGMENT INFORMATION . . . CONTINUED 2008 Mountain First 1st (Dollars in thousands) Glacier West Security Bank Western Big Sky Valley - ---------------------- ---------- --------- -------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Net interest income ..................... $ 52,900 45,614 34,212 22,695 20,713 15,595 12,719 Provision for loan losses ............... (8,825) (11,150) (1,750) (2,012) (540) (2,200) (810) ---------- --------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses .. 44,075 34,464 32,462 20,683 20,173 13,395 11,909 Non-interest income ..................... 13,926 20,353 6,987 4,728 3,306 3,608 4,673 Core deposit amortization ............... (392) (196) (511) (712) (623) (23) (42) Other non-interest expense .............. (27,074) (41,922) (17,128) (14,143) (16,151) (7,390) (8,770) ---------- --------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Earnings before income taxes ............ 30,535 12,699 21,810 10,556 6,705 9,590 7,770 Income tax (expense) benefit ............ (10,910) (3,628) (7,282) (3,631) (1,818) (3,587) (2,251) ---------- --------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Net income .............................. $ 19,625 9,071 14,528 6,925 4,887 6,003 5,519 ========== ========= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= Assets .................................. $1,250,774 1,226,869 954,218 566,869 609,868 332,325 298,392 Loans, net of ALLL ...................... 963,107 955,486 561,691 320,370 354,199 287,394 195,504 Goodwill ................................ 8,900 23,159 18,582 41,718 22,311 1,752 1,770 Deposits ................................ 609,473 680,404 545,199 418,231 357,729 179,834 185,505 Stockholders' equity .................... 129,890 124,881 116,856 95,200 83,843 40,384 31,483 First Bank- San Citizens MT Juans Parent Eliminations Consolidated -------- ------- ------- ------- ------------ ------------ Net interest income ..................... $ 7,676 6,676 575 (6,762) -- 212,613 Provision for loan losses ............... (750) (390) (53) -- -- (28,480) -------- ------- ------- ------- ---------- --------- Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses .. 6,926 6,286 522 (6,762) -- 184,133 Non-interest income ..................... 2,855 768 85 83,891 (84,146) 61,034 Core deposit amortization ............... (128) (405) (19) -- -- (3,051) Other non-interest expense .............. (6,407) (3,083) (397) (13,424) 13,031 (142,858) -------- ------- ------- ------- ---------- --------- Earnings before income taxes ............ 3,246 3,566 191 63,705 (71,115) 99,258 Income tax (expense) benefit ............ (1,092) (1,279) (75) 1,952 -- (33,601) -------- ------- ------- ------- ---------- --------- Net income .............................. $ 2,154 2,287 116 65,657 (71,115) 65,657 ======== ======= ======= ======= ========== ========= Assets .................................. $217,697 154,645 165,784 814,883 (1,038,354) 5,553,970 Loans, net of ALLL ...................... 159,412 114,177 142,114 -- -- 4,053,454 Goodwill ................................ 9,553 12,556 6,451 -- -- 146,752 Deposits ................................ 135,970 113,531 143,056 -- (106,457) 3,262,475 Stockholders' equity .................... 29,110 29,329 21,207 676,940 (702,183) 676,940 99
21. OPERATING SEGMENT INFORMATION . . . CONTINUED 2007 Mountain First 1st (Dollars in thousands) Glacier West Security Bank Western Big Sky Valley - ---------------------- ---------- --------- -------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Net interest income ..................... $ 40,270 41,115 32,674 20,135 19,043 12,610 10,641 Provision for loan losses ............... (1,580) (2,225) (1,100) (630) -- (645) (405) ---------- --------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses .. 38,690 38,890 31,574 19,505 19,043 11,965 10,236 Non-interest income ..................... 13,473 19,861 6,844 4,212 8,896 3,583 4,807 Core deposit amortization ............... (415) (208) (554) (688) (675) (23) (42) Other non-interest expense .............. (25,231) (36,745) (17,295) (13,015) (16,050) (7,220) (8,335) ---------- --------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Earnings before income taxes ............ 26,517 21,798 20,569 10,014 11,214 8,305 6,666 Income tax (expense) benefit ............ (9,294) (7,701) (7,027) (3,482) (4,129) (3,144) (1,955) ---------- --------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- Net income .............................. $ 17,223 14,097 13,542 6,532 7,085 5,161 4,711 ========== ========= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= Assets .................................. $1,101,112 1,038,294 792,882 551,327 508,915 315,885 283,155 Loans, net of ALLL ...................... 863,253 836,426 548,379 298,800 321,533 262,934 194,912 Goodwill ................................ 8,900 23,159 18,582 41,718 22,311 1,752 1,770 Deposits ................................ 579,190 666,330 533,260 439,281 345,273 215,771 187,657 Stockholders' equity .................... 115,247 114,538 109,320 87,523 83,226 35,406 27,323 First Bank- Citizens MT Parent Eliminations Consolidated -------- ------- ------- ------------ ------------ Net interest income ..................... $ 7,532 6,308 (6,859) -- 183,469 Provision for loan losses ............... (75) (20) -- -- (6,680) -------- ------- ------- -------- --------- Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses .. 7,457 6,288 (6,859) -- 176,789 Non-interest income ..................... 2,550 736 84,025 (84,169) 64,818 Core deposit amortization ............... (146) (451) -- -- (3,202) Other non-interest expense .............. (6,102) (3,426) (13,006) 11,710 (134,715) -------- ------- ------- -------- --------- Earnings before income taxes ............ 3,759 3,147 64,160 (72,459) 103,690 Income tax (expense) benefit ............ (1,403) (1,395) 4,443 -- (35,087) -------- ------- ------- -------- --------- Net income .............................. $ 2,356 1,752 68,603 (72,459) 68,603 ======== ======= ======= ======== ========= Assets .................................. $182,769 149,483 660,892 (767,384) 4,817,330 Loans, net of ALLL ...................... 131,988 98,897 -- -- 3,557,122 Goodwill ................................ 9,553 12,556 -- -- 140,301 Deposits ................................ 139,228 113,692 -- (35,204) 3,184,478 Stockholders' equity .................... 27,808 26,941 528,576 (627,332) 528,576 22. IMPACT OF RECENT AUTHORITATIVE ACCOUNTING GUIDANCE The Accounting Standards Codification became FASB's officially recognized source of authoritative U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") applicable to all public and non-public non-governmental entities. Rules and interpretive releases of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") under the authority of the federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. All other accounting literature is considered non-authoritative. The Company adopted the topic effective for the period ending September 30, 2009 and determined there was not a material effect on the Company's financial position or results of operations. 100
22. IMPACT OF RECENT AUTHORITATIVE ACCOUNTING GUIDANCE...CONTINUED In January 2010, FASB issued an amendment to FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, that will provide more robust disclosures about 1) the different classes of assets and liabilities measured at fair value, 2) the valuation techniques and inputs used, 3) the activity in Level 3 fair value measurements, and 4) the transfers between Levels 1, 2, and 3. The new disclosures are effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2009, except for the disclosures about the activity in Level 3 fair value measurements. Those disclosures are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this amendment, but does not expect it to have a material effect on the Company's financial position or results of operations. In August 2009, FASB issued an amendment to FASB ASC Subtopic 820-10, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures - Overall, for the fair value measurement of liabilities. The Update provides clarification that in circumstances in which a quoted price in an active market for the identical liability is not available, a reporting unit is required to measure fair value using one or more of the following techniques: 1) A valuation technique that uses a) the quoted price of the identical liability when trades as an asset b) quoted prices for similar liabilities or similar liabilities when traded as assets 2) Another valuation technique that is consistent with the principals FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures. The Update is effective for the first reporting period (including interim periods) beginning after issuance. The Company adopted the standard effective for the period ending September 30, 2009 and determined there was not a material effect on the Company's financial position or results of operations. In June 2009, FASB issued an amendment to FASB ASC Topic 810, Consolidation. The objective of this standard is to amend certain requirements to improve financial reporting by enterprises involved with variable interest entities and to provide more relevant and reliable information to users of financial statements. This standard shall be effective as of the beginning of each reporting entity's first annual reporting period that begins after November 15, 2009, for interim periods within that first annual reporting period, and for interim and annual reporting periods thereafter. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this amendment, but does not expect it to have a material effect on the Company's financial position or results of operations. In June 2009, FASB issued an amendment to FASB ASC Topic 860, Transfers and Servicing. The objective of this standard is to improve the relevance, representational faithfulness, and comparability of the information that a reporting entity provides in its financial reports about a transfer of financial assets; the effects of a transfer on its financial position, financial performance, and cash flows; and a transferor's continuing involvement in transferred financial assets. This standard shall be effective as of the beginning of each reporting entity's first annual reporting period that begins after November 15, 2009, for interim periods within that first annual reporting period, and for interim and annual reporting periods thereafter. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this amendment, but does not expect it to have a material effect on the Company's financial position or results of operations. In April 2009, FASB issued an amendment to FASB ASC Topic 320, Investments - Debt and Equity Securities, relating to the recognition and presentation of other-than-temporary impairments. The objective of an other-than-temporary impairment analysis under existing GAAP is to determine whether the holder of an investment in a debt or equity security for which changes in fair value are not regularly recognized in earnings (such as securities classified as held-to-maturity or available-for-sale) should recognize a loss in earnings when the investment is impaired. An investment is impaired if the fair value of the investment is less than its amortized cost basis. This standard amends the other-than-temporary impairment guidance in U.S. GAAP for debt securities to make the guidance more operational and to improve the presentation and disclosure of other-than-temporary impairments on debt and equity securities in the financial statements. This standard does not amend existing recognition and measurement guidance related to other-than-temporary impairments of equity securities. The standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009, with early adoption permitted for periods ending after March 15, 2009. The Company has evaluated the impact of the adoption of this standard and determined there was not a material effect on the Company's financial position or results of operations. In April 2009, FASB issued an amendment to FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, which provides additional guidance for estimating fair value when the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability have significantly decreased. This standard also includes guidance on identifying circumstances that indicate a transaction is not orderly. This standard emphasizes that even if there has been a significant decrease in the volume and level of activity for the asset or liability and regardless of the valuation technique(s) used, the objective of a fair value measurement remains the same. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction (that is, not a forced liquidation or distressed sale) between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions. This standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009, and shall be applied prospectively. Early adoption was permitted for periods ending after March 15, 2009. The Company has evaluated the impact of the adoption of this standard and determined there was not a material effect on the Company's financial position or results of operations.. 101
22. IMPACT OF RECENT AUTHORITATIVE ACCOUNTING GUIDANCE...CONTINUED In April 2009, FASB issued an amendment to FASB ASC Topic 825, Financial Instruments, which requires disclosures about fair value of financial instruments for interim reporting periods of publicly traded companies as well as in annual financial statements. An entity shall disclose in the body or in the accompanying notes of its summarized financial information for interim reporting periods and in its financial statements for annual reporting periods the fair value of all financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate that value, whether recognized or not recognized in the statement of financial position. Fair value information disclosed in the notes shall be presented together with the related carrying amount in a form that makes it clear whether the fair value and carrying amount represent assets or liabilities and how the carrying amount relates to what is reported in the statement of financial position. An entity also shall disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of financial instruments and shall describe changes in method(s) and significant assumptions, if any, during the period. This standard shall be effective for interim reporting periods ending after June 15, 2009, with early adoption permitted for periods ending after March 15, 2009. The Company has evaluated the impact of the adoption of this standard and determined there was not a material effect on the Company's financial position or results of operations. For additional information on disclosures about fair value of financial instruments see Part I, Item 2 "Financial Statements - Note 13, Fair Value Measurements". In December 2008, the FASB issued ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures. The standard requires public entities to provide additional disclosures about transfers of financial assets and their involvement with variable interest entities. Additionally, this standard requires certain disclosures to be provided by a public enterprise that is (a) a sponsor of a qualifying special purpose entity (SPE) that holds a variable interest in the qualifying SPE but was not the transferor (nontransferor) of financial assets to the qualifying SPE and (b) a servicer of a qualifying SPE that holds a significant variable interest in the qualifying SPE but was not the transferor (nontransferor) of financial assets to the qualifying SPE. The disclosures required by this standard are intended to provide greater transparency to financial statement users about a transferor's continuing involvement with transferred financial assets and an enterprise's involvement with variable interest entities and qualifying SPEs. The issue is effective for the first reporting period (interim or annual) ending after December 15, 2008. The Company has evaluated the impact of the adoption of this standard and determined there was not a material effect on the Company's financial position or results of operations. In April 2008, the FASB issued ASC Topic 350, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other. This standard amends the factors that should be considered in developing renewal or extension assumptions used to determine the useful life of a recognized intangible asset. The intent of this standard is to improve the consistency between the useful life of a recognized intangible asset and the period of expected cash flows used to measure the fair value of the asset. This standard is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008. The Company has evaluated the impact of the adoption of this standard and determined there was not a material effect on the Company's financial position or results of operations. In March 2008, the FASB issued ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging. This topic changes the disclosure requirements for derivative instruments and hedging activities. Entities are required to provide enhanced disclosures about (a) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments, (b) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for, and (c) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity's financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. This Statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008. The Company has evaluated the impact of the adoption of this standard and determined there was not a material effect on the Company's financial position or results of operations. In December 2007, FASB issued new standards relating to business combinations which are included in FASB ASC Topic 805, Business Combinations. The objective of this standard is to improve the relevance, representational faithfulness, and comparability of the information that a reporting entity provides in its financial reports about a business combination and its effects. The Statement establishes principles and requirements for how the acquirer: a) recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree, b) recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase, and c) determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination. This Statement applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Company has evaluated the impact of the adoption of this standard and determined there was not a material effect on the Company's financial position or results of operations. 102
ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE There have been no changes or disagreements with accountants on accounting and financial disclosure. ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures. An evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of the Company's management, including the Chief Executive Officer ("CEO") and Chief Financial Officer ("CFO"), of the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and CFO have concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this report, the disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the Company in reports that are filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are recorded, processed, summarized and timely reported as provided in the SEC's rules and forms. As a result of this evaluation, there were no significant changes in the internal control over financial reporting during the three months ended December 31, 2009 that have materially affected, or are reasonable likely to materially affect, the internal control over financial reporting. Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting as it relates to its financial statements presented in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. The Company's internal control system was designed to provide reasonable assurance to the Company's management and Board of Directors regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Internal control over financial reporting includes self monitoring mechanisms and actions are taken to correct deficiencies as they are identified. There are inherent limitations in any internal control, no matter how well designed, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected, including the possibility of circumvention or overriding of controls. Accordingly, even an effective internal control system can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation. Further, because of changes in conditions, the effectiveness of an internal control system may vary over time. Management assessed its internal control structure over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009. This assessment was based on criteria for effective internal control over financial reporting described in "Internal Control - Integrated Framework" issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this assessment, management asserts that the Company and subsidiaries maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as it relates to its financial statements presented in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the Unites States of America. BKD LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2009, has issued an attestation report on the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Such attestation report expresses an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009. ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION None 103
PART III ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Information regarding "Directors and Executive Officers" is set forth under the headings "Election of Directors" and "Management" of the Company's 2010 Annual Meeting Proxy Statement ("Proxy Statement") and is incorporated herein by reference. Information regarding "Compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act" is set forth under the section "Compliance with Section 16(a) Filing Requirements" of the Company's Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference. Information regarding the Company's audit committee financial expert is set forth under the heading "Meetings and Committees of the Board of Directors - Committee Membership" in the Company's Proxy Statement and is incorporated by reference. Consistent with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, the Company has a Code of Ethics applicable to senior financial officers including the principal executive officer. The Code of Ethics can be accessed electronically by visiting the Company's website at www.glacierbancorp.com. The Code of Ethics is also listed as Exhibit 14 to this report, and is incorporated by reference to the Company's 2003 annual report Form 10-K. ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION Information regarding "Executive Compensation" is set forth under the headings "Compensation of Directors" and "Executive Compensation" of the Company's Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS Information regarding "Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management" is set forth under the headings "Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management" of the Company's Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE Information regarding "Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence" is set forth under the heading "Transactions with Management" and "Corporate Governance - Director Independence" of the Company's Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference. ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES Information regarding "Principal Accounting Fees and Services" is set forth under the heading "Compliance with Section 16(a) Filing Requirements - Fees Paid to Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm" of the Company's Proxy Statement and is incorporated herein by reference. 104
PART IV ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES LIST OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES (a) The following documents are filed as a part of this report: (1) Financial Statements and (2) Financial Statement schedules required to be filed by Item 8 of this report. (3) The following exhibits are required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K and are included as part of this Form 10-K: EXHIBIT NO. EXHIBIT - ----------- -------- 3(a) Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (1) 3(b) Amended and Restated Bylaws (1) 10(a) (7) Amended and Restated 1995 Employee Stock Option Plan and related agreements (2) 10(b) (7) Amended and Restated 1994 Director Stock Option Plan and related agreements (2) 10(c) (7) Amended and Restated Deferred Compensation Plan effective January 1, 2008 (3) 10(d) (7) Amended and Restated Supplemental Executive Retirement Agreement effective January 1, 2008 (3) 10(e) (7) 2005 Stock Incentive Plan and related agreements (4) 10(f) (7) Employment Agreement dated January 1, 2010 between the Company and Michael J. Blodnick (5) 10(g) (7) Employment Agreement dated January 1, 2010 between the Company and Ron J. Copher (5) 10(h) (7) Employment Agreement date January 1, 2010 between the Company and Don Chery (5) 14 Code of Ethics (6) 21 Subsidiaries of the Company (See item 1, "Subsidiaries") 23 Consent of BKD LLP 31.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 31.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 32 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes - Oxley Act of 2002 (1) Incorporated by reference to Exhibits 3.i. and 3.ii included in the Company's Quarterly Report on form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2008. (2) Incorporated by reference to Exhibits 99.1 - 99.4 of the Company's S-8 Registration Statement (No. 333-105995). (3) Incorporated by reference to Exhibits 10(c) and 10(d) of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008. (4) Incorporated by reference to Exhibits 99.1 through 99.3 of the Company's S-8 Registration Statement (No. 333-125024). (5) Incorporated by reference to Exhibits 10.1 through 10.3 included in the Company's Form 8-K filed by the Company on December 29, 2009. (6) Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 14, included in the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003. (7) Compensatory Plan or Arrangement All other financial statement schedules required by Regulation S-X are omitted because they are not applicable, not material or because the information is included in the consolidated financial statements or related notes. 105
SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized on March 1, 2010. GLACIER BANCORP, INC. By: /s/ Michael J. Blodnick ------------------------------------ Michael J. Blodnick President/CEO/Director Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below on March 1, 2010, by the following persons in the capacities indicated. /s/ Michael J. Blodnick President, CEO, and Director - --------------------------------- (Principal Executive Officer) Michael J. Blodnick /s/ Ron J. Copher Senior Vice President and CFO - --------------------------------- (Principal Financial Accounting Officer) Ron J. Copher Board of Directors /s/ Everit A. Sliter Chairman - --------------------------------- Everit A. Sliter /s/ James M. English Director - --------------------------------- James M. English /s/ Allen Fetscher Director - --------------------------------- Allen J. Fetscher /s/ Dallas I. Herron Director - --------------------------------- Dallas I. Herron /s/ Jon W. Hippler Director - --------------------------------- Jon W. Hippler /s/ Craig A. Langel Director - --------------------------------- Craig A. Langel /s/ L. Peter Larson Director - --------------------------------- L. Peter Larson /s/ Douglas J. McBride Director - --------------------------------- Douglas J. McBride /s/ John W. Murdoch Director - --------------------------------- John W. Murdoch 106
EXHIBIT 23 CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM The Board of Directors and Stockholders Glacier Bancorp, Inc. Kalispell, Montana We consent to the inclusion by reference in the registration statements on Forms S-8 (Files No. 333-105995 and No. 333-36514) and registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-154968) of our report dated March 1, 2010 on our audits of the consolidated statements of financial condition as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders' equity and comprehensive income and cash flows for the three years then ended of Glacier Bancorp, Inc. We also consent to the incorporation by reference of our report dated March 1, 2010, on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of Glacier Bancorp, Inc. as of December 31, 2009. /s/ BKD, LLP Denver, Colorado March 1, 2010
EXHIBIT 31.1 I, Michael J. Blodnick, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Glacier Bancorp, Inc 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting. March 1, 2010 /s/ Michael J. Blodnick ---------------------------------------- Michael J. Blodnick President/CEO
EXHIBIT 31.2 I, Ron J. Copher, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Glacier Bancorp, Inc 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: (a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; (b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; (c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and (d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and (b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting. March 1, 2010 /s/ Ron J. Copher ---------------------------------------- Ron J. Copher Senior Vice President/CFO
EXHIBIT 32 CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 In connection with the Annual Report of Glacier Bancorp, Inc. (the "Company") on Form 10-K for the period ended December 31, 2009, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), we, Michael J. Blodnick, President and Chief Executive Officer, and Ron J. Copher, Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, of Glacier Bancorp, Inc., certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that: (1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78m or 78o(d)); and (2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906, or other document authenticating, acknowledging, or otherwise adopting the signature that appears in typed form within the electronic version of this written statement required by Section 906, has been provided to the Company and will be retained by the Company and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request. March 1, 2010 /s/ Michael J. Blodnick ---------------------------------------- Michael J. Blodnick President/CEO /s/ Ron J. Copher ---------------------------------------- Ron J. Copher Senior Vice President/CFO